2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修四Module 5
知识详解
1
surround vt. 包围,环绕
n. 围绕物
(回归课本P41)A lake is an area of water surrounded by land.
湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。
11
归纳总结
surround oneself with sb./sth.与某人/某物在一起,与某人/某物为伍
surround sb./sth.with sb./sth.使某人/某物被某人/某物包围
be surrounded by/with被……围绕着;周围是……
surroundings n.环境
surrounding adj.附近的;四周的
surrounding areas周围的地区
pleasant surroundings愉快的环境(通常用复数形式)
例句探源
①The lake is surrounded with/by trees.湖边树木环绕。
②(牛津P2036)I like to surround myself with beautiful things.
我喜欢身边老有漂亮的东西。
③Standing on the top of the mountain,we can see the surrounding hills.站在山顶,我们能看到周围的小山。
④(朗文P2078)It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surroundings.我花了好几个星期才适应了新环境。
即境活用
1.A lot of children at the school do not live in the town,but come from the________countryside.
A.surrounded B.surrounding
C.surroundings
D.surround
解析:选B。句意:这所学校的许多学生不是住在城市,而是来自周围的农村。
2.完成句子
Our school______________________green trees and clear water,and we are studying in the________________.
我们学校被绿树碧水环绕,我们在愉快的环境中学习。
解析:be surrounded by/with意为“被……环绕”。surroundings意为“环境”。
答案:is surrounded by/with;pleasant surroundings
2
forbid vt. 禁止,阻止;不许
(回归课本P45)Swimming from the boat is forbidden.
从船上跳下去游泳是被禁止的
归纳总结
例句探源
①(高考辽宁卷)Children should be forbidden from watching TV.
儿童应被禁止看电视。
②The manager forbids smoking during office hours.
经理禁止在办公时间吸烟。
③He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.
作为惩罚,他被禁止离开基地。
易混辨析
forbid,ban
(1)forbid是常用词,指“命令某人不做某事”。
(2)ban语气较重,指权威机关“正式禁止”。常构成ban doing sth.或ban sb.from doing sth.搭配。①Swimming is banned/forbidden in this river.
②The doctor forbids him to smoke.
③Students are banned from reading dirty books.
即境活用
3.The students are forbidden,unless they have special passes,________after 11 p.m..
A.of staying out
B.to stay out
C.staying out
D.stay out
解析:选B。句意是:学生们被禁止晚上11点以后在外面逗留,除非有特别的许可证。此句要用sb.is forbidden to do sth.句式,动词不定式to stay out作主语补足语。
4.Our school forbids________,that is to say,we are not allowed________at school.
A.to smoke;to smoke
B.students’ smoking;smoking
C.students’ to smoke;smoking
D.students’ smoking;to smoke
解析:选D。forbid one’s doing sth.=forbid sb.to do sth.“禁止某人做某事”;allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”,此处为被动结构,注意比较allow doing sth.。
3
view n. 景色,风景;观点,见解;观察,观看;意见
vt. 观察,观看
(回归课本P49)He always chooses a postcard with a beautiful view...
他总是选择一个带有美丽风景的明信片……
归纳总结
例句探源
①We had a good view of the town from the top of the hill.
从山顶上我们清楚地看到了全城的景色。
②What is your view on school punishments?
对学校的处罚你有什么看法?
③Several possible buyers have come to view the house.
几个可能成为买主的人来看过房子。
④In my view,you’re wrong to impose your idea on others.
在我看来,你把自己的观点强加给别人是错误的。
⑤(牛津P2243)In view of the weather,the event will now be held indoors.
由于天气的缘故,这项赛事将在室内举行。
即境活用
5.One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high-rise is that you can get a good________of the city.
A.sight B.sceneC.view
D.look
解析:选C。get a good view of意为“清楚地看到……”。而sight,scene虽然与view的意思相同,但没有这种搭配;look要构成get a look at短语。
4
at least 至少;起码;不管怎样;无论如何
(回归课本P42)“Oh,well,”my friend said,“at least we have two more left.”
我朋友说:“喔,至少我们还能看见另外两个峡谷。”
归纳总结
not in the least一点也不,to say the least(of it)[插入语]至少可以这样说,退一步说,least of all尤其是,最不,at most至多
例句探源
①He’s going away for at least a week.
他至少一星期出去一次。
②You might at least say“thank you”.
你起码该说声“谢谢你”。
③It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there.
到那里至少要花费你20分钟的时间。
即境活用
6.The house still needed a lot of work,but________the kitchen was finished.
A.instead B.altogetherC.at once
D.at least
解析:选D。句意是:这所房子仍然需要做许多工作,但至少厨房已完工了。根据句意推断,用at least表示“至少”。instead代替;altogether一起;at once立刻。
7.The suit is the most expensive.It costs________1,000 yuan.
A.at most
B.at last
C.at least
D.at all
解析:选C。考查词组的应用。句意为:这套西装很贵,至少1000元。at least“至少”,符合句意。at most意为“至多”;at last意为“最后”;at all意为“根本”。
5
get a kick out of (俚语)从……中得到乐趣
(回归课本P48)I get a kick out of travelling.
我从旅行中得到乐趣。
归纳总结
例句探源
①(朗文P1128)I get a real kick out of watching my two cats play.
我从看我的两只猫玩耍中获得很大乐趣。
②I don’t expect to win when I bet-I do it for kicks.
打赌时我并不想赢——我是为了寻求刺激。
③He kicked at/against the treatment he was receiving.
对他受到的待遇他表示抗议。
④I can’t believe that Glen’s wife kicked him out.
我无法相信格伦的太太把他撵了出去。
即境活用
8.He gets a good deal of________out of motor racing.
A.hitB.kick
C.beat
D.strike
解析:选B。句意:“他从飙车中得到很大的乐趣。”
9.What a kick we________out of the visit!
A.had
B.made
C.got
D.took
解析:选C。get a kick out of...为固定搭配,意为“从……中得到乐趣”。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.(P42)
他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院任教英语两年。
【句法分析】 be to do sth.在此处表示按照计划或根据安排将要做某事。
be to do的用法归纳如下:
(1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作,这是将来时的一种用法。
①They are to pay a visit to the teacher together at ten tomorrow morning.
他们明天上午十点钟一起去看这位老师。
【注意】 如果表示未曾实现的打算或计划,要用was/were to have done形式。
②We were to have told you,but you were not in.
我们本来想告诉你的,但是你不在家。
(2)表示必须或应该,在意思上相当于must,should,ought to或have to。
③This medicine is to be taken three times a day.
这种药一天要服三次
(3)用来表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。
④Einstein’s theory was to change the views to the universe.
爱因斯坦的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。
(4)用于虚拟条件句中。
⑤If it were to rain tomorrow,the sports meeting would be put off.如果明天下雨,运动会就会延期。
即境活用
10.(合肥模拟)No one________this building without the permission of the police.
A.is leaving
B.is to leave
C.has left
D.will be leaving
解析:选B。句意“没有警察允许,任何人都不准离开这个大楼。”be to do在此表示“命令”。
11.Denis,who is 78,has made it known that much of his collection________to the nation.
A.has left
B.is to leave
C.leaves
D.is to be left
解析:选D。根据题意“他要把他的收藏品的大部分留给国家。”be to do在此表示计划,且使用被动形式。
2【教材原句】 I’m allowed to stick one in only if I’ve been in a place for more than 24 hours.(P49)
只有待在一个地方超过24小时我才能钉一个图钉。
【句法分析】 only if意为“只有;只要”,引导条件状语从句,only起强调作用;当only if位于句首时,主句要用倒装句式。
①I told him he would succeed only if he worked hard.
我告诉他,只有努力才能成功。
②Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night.
只有患者情况紧急时,你才可以在半夜叫医生看病。
if only意为“但愿,要是……就好了”,主要用于虚拟语气中,表示强烈的愿望或非真实的条件。表达的愿望与现在或将来事实相反时,谓语动词用一般过去式;与过去事实相反时,谓语动词用过去完成式。
③I am so tired.If only I could take the day off tomorrow.
我太疲倦了。如果明天能不上班多好。(虚拟语气,将来的愿望)
④If only I had taken my father’s advice.
要是我当时听了父亲的忠告就好了。(虚拟语气,过去的愿望)
即境活用
12.________you eat the correct foods________be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A.Only if;will youB.Only if;you willC.Unless;will you
D.Unless;you will
解析:选A。句意是:你只有吃恰当的食物才能够保持健康。only修饰if引导的条件状语从句,放到句首,主句产生部分倒装语序,助动词will放到主语you的前面。unless的位置变化不会产生倒装。
13.________both sides accept these terms will everlasting peace be established in this region.
A.Unless
B.As long asC.If only
D.Only if
解析:选D。句意:只有双方都接受了这些条款,这个地区才能建立永久的和平。题干是部分倒装结构,而选项中只有only if位于句首时,才可用部分倒装结构。
2009中考英语词汇表 系列W
09年英语短语集中联想记忆110条
中考英语词汇“for短语”全攻略
初中英语常用词组1 动词词组
英乐时空Here I Am
常用英语词语辨析105组(4)
常用英语词语辨析105组(5)
2009中考英语词汇短语集锦 (2)
初中英语常用词组3 量词词组
09年中考英语总复习经典习题讲解1一冠词
2009中考英语词汇表 系列R
为英语写作”画龙点睛“的24句谚语
从奥巴马演讲词看英语写作词汇的应用
2009中考英语词汇短语集锦 (1)
09年中考英语总复习经典习题讲解5一代词
常用英语词语辨析105组(2)
常用英语词语辨析105组(11)
2009中考英语词汇表 系列M
词汇笔记 五种词汇的学习方法 超强
初中英语常用词组复习1
09年中考英语总复习经典习题讲解3一冠词
09年中考英语总复习经典习题讲解2一名词
2009中考英语词汇表 系列I
2009中考英语词汇表 系列S
2010年中考英语词汇旧词新义:clean
初中英语常用词组2 介词短语词组
初中英语常用词组复习2
十个窍门积累英语词汇
2009中考英语词汇表 系列JKL
09年中考英语总复习经典习题讲解4一数词
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |