2017届高考英语二轮复习考点讲义：阅读理解-文娱和体育

　　阅读理解-文娱和体育

　　·话题探究根据近几年的试题，我们发现这些话题的题目有一些特点：

　　1. 人物传记类。以介绍主要人物生平或逸事为主，它主要向读者介绍文学家、艺术家和著名体育运动员等在各行各业所取得重大成就或有重要影响的杰出人物，并特别介绍这些杰出人物如何克服困难从而走向成功。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。

　　2. 介绍艺术的种类和起源，以及对人的积极影响。

　　3. 体育的重要性，以及如何锻炼身体等话题。

　　4.对于文学作品的描述，以故事性为主，结尾往往又有总结性文字给人以启迪。

　　链接高考

　　链接1 . （2017全国卷）

　　You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

　　First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.

　　Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

　　If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

　　Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

　　45. What should you consider first while sailing?

　　A. Sailors’ strength. B. Wave levels.

　　C. Wind directions. D. Size of sails.

　　46. What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

　　A. The boat. B. The wind. C. The sail. D. The angle.

　　47. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

　　A. Move in a straight line. B. Allow the sail to flap.

　　C. Lower the sail. D. Tack the boat.

　　48. Where can you probably find the text?

　　A. In a popular magazine. B. In a tourist guidebook.

　　C. In a physics textbook. D. In an official report.

　　【考点】文娱与体育

　　【试题解析】First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat.由这句知道

　　链接2. 2010福建卷

　　Columbus College , 241 Queen Elizabeth Drive ,Kowloon City

　　Memo

　　To:

　　All Staff

　　From:

　　Jakie Mok , Secretary; Sports Development Committee

　　Date:

　　May 20, 2010

　　Sports 3: Hiking

　　Hiking(远足)will take place at Kowloon Peak. The activity will start at 2:30 pm and finish 90 minutes later. Three teachers will accompany the students, and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers . Each instructor will cost ＄75/hr. Students are advised to bring plenty of water and sunscreen.

　　Sports 4:Swimming

　　The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10-minute walk from our school. Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the goings-on from the poolside. We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (i.e. 2:45pm to 3:45pm).Only students skilful at swimming can take up this activity. The pool will have two lifeguards present. Girls must wear a swimming suit. The cost is ＄10 per visit.

　　68. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Students selecting basketball had better register early.

　　B. Students participating in gym should arrive at 6:00 pm.

　　C. Hiking usually begins at 2:30 pm and lasts 2 hours.

　　D. Students having swimming suits can take up swimming .

　　69. It can be inferred from the passage that

　　A. students taking part in basket ball will walk to the courts.

　　B. every student can gain admission to one of the four sports

　　C. hiking students can have a regular rest in the shade of trees

　　D. students taking up the four sports should bring bottles of water

　　70. It can be concluded that

　　A. each sport will take only on hour sports

　　B. students will be charged for the four sports

　　C. all the sports will take place at Kowloon Peak

　　D. teachers will accompany students on each sport

　　71. The purpose of the memo is to

　　A. attract students’ interest in the programme

　　B. require the parents to select a sport for their child

　　C. help the staff explain the programme to the parents

　　D. remind teachers and lifeguards to be present on time

　　A

　　Fri May 8, 2009

　　NEW YORK (Reuters) - Artists and gallery owners have their fingers crossed at New York's Affordable Art Fair this week, waiting to see how the economic downturn（低迷时期） affects sales of their work even as demand in the high-end（高端） market breaks down.

　　Taking place for the eighth year, the fair aims to lure new art buyers and longtime patrons（赞助人） with prices ranging from $75 to $10,000. Most of the work is priced at $5,000 or under

　　③Despite the "affordable" tag, attracting buyers is still a daunting task when consumers are turning down anything expensive or unnecessary in the economic depression.

　　About 64 galleries are participating in this year's affordable art fair, down from 70 last year. The fair opened in Manhattan on Thursday and ends on Sunday.

　　Jenny Hirst, an artist from Manchester, England, who exhibited her work at the namesake fair in London and was attending the New York show, said the demand for affordable art "is struggling a bit."

　　"They (consumers) say it is nice, but walk away instead of pulling out their checkbooks," said Hirst, referring to art buyers.

　　The economic downturn has ravaged the high-end art market. Sotheby's posted a 71 percent drop in auction sales in the past quarter, while some experts say demand is rare, or in the best case, scarce for expensive art.

　　"I don't think it's that people are saying, 'I can't spend a million dollars so I'll go out and spend $500,000,'" said Constance Kamens, a private art dealer and appraiser(评价者).

　　"Some of them are not buying at all but when they are buying, they are buying carefully."

　　Popular belief is that the right piece of art can transform a space, making it an attractive 4. The Affordable Art Fair may be__________.

　　A. held from Monday to Sunday

　　B. started eight years ago

　　C. held in several cities in one year

　　D. cut down its sales and time

　　5. Which would be the best title of this passage?

　　A. Financial crisis damage the affordable Art Fair

　　B. Artists show great concern about "affordable" art

　　C. In New York, artists pin hopes on "affordable" art

　　D. The affordable Art Fair, Hopeful and Doubtful

　　B

　　Music is the food of love, according to poets. And classical music, it seems, may be fine rain for restaurateurs. ④The music of Mozart, Bach and Beethoven played in restaurants makes diners feel richer and encourages them to spend money, according to research made by the University of Leicester in central England. "When you hear a piece of music, it activates all types of knowledge," said Adrian North, a senior lecturer in psychology at a university who carried out tests in a restaurant near Leicester over a period of three weeks. "If you hear classical music, it gives you the feeling of wealth and it makes you feel a bit noble. In a restaurant, this has the effect of making you spend a bit more money." Researchers found that classical music, often connected with wealth, was the most successful in encouraging people to pay cash, with diners spending more than 24 pounds a head. But when the music was Britney Spears', diners spent less than 22 pounds a head, they found. With no background music, spending fell to around 21 pounds. “Where people were really spending the money was on the luxurious things , such as desserts and coffees," said James Davis, owner of Softleys restaurant in Market Bosworth, where the research was carried out. He also said, "I think this research will certainly affect what we will play in the future."

　　1. How did people feel while listening to classical music?

　　A. They only feel noble.

　　B. They feel they are luxurious.

　　C. They feel that they are a little noble and wealthy.

　　D. They have the feeling that money is less important.

　　2. Which music has the most obvious effect on people’s spending?

　　A. Britney Spears'

　　B. Classical music

　　C. Pop music.

　　D. Not mentioned in the passage.

　　3. What does the underlined sentence mean?

　　A. People like to have desserts and coffees.

　　B. The desserts and coffees are very expensive.

　　C. People spend money in enjoying music in restaurants.

　　D. Having desserts and coffees makes people spend more money.

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.

　　A. Softleys might accept the idea

　　B. most people don't believe the idea

　　C. restaurants will never play Britney Spears' music

　　D. every restaurant will play classical music in the future

　　5. What is the best title of the passage?

　　A. Classical music makes diners spend more money.

　　B. Music and restaurants.

　　C. Diners love music.

　　D. Music is the food of love.

　　C

　　⑤Although life was hard in the Middle Ages, there were opportunities for sports and entertainment. When the Thames froze over, Londoners skated on the ice and sometimes they rode on sleds across the frozen river. It was the custom on Shrove Tuesday in the twelfth century for all the young men of London to "go out into the fields to play at a well-known game of football". One writer in the Middle Ages recalled his childhood and could remember playing "follow my leader, marbles, hockey, swings, soldiers, hide and seek, high jumping, bubble pipes, making mud balls and fighting other boys".

　　1. What is this passage mainly about?

　　A. Entertainment and sports in the Middle Ages in England.

　　B. Some kinds of performances in ancient England.

　　C. Different kinds of sports in the Middle Ages.

　　D. Brief introduction to the history of the Middle Ages.

　　2. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. In the 12th century, young Londoners had few games to play.

　　B. All the young Londoners had to play football on Shrove Tuesday.

　　C. People in England could watch the same bears performing in different cities.

　　D. In the 13th century, a group of Londoners performed at Kensington Palace.

　　3. Which of the following provides the costumes?

　　A. Musicians.

　　B. The guilds.

　　C. Mystery Plays.

　　D. Performers.

　　4. In the last paragraph, which of the following sports is mentioned to be for upper-class people?

　　A. Hurling. B Golf C. Hammer. D. Horseshoes.

　　5. Most sports in the Middle Ages in England __

　　A. were the same as modem sports

　　B. have disappeared by now

　　C. were designed to help soldiers fight better

　　D. were related to people' s religious beliefs were related to people' s religious beliefs

　　B篇：1. C。在文中有“If you hear classical music, it gives you the feeling of wealth and it makes you feel a bit noble.”，所以，C正确。

　　2. B。文中句子“Researchers found that classical music, often connected with wealth, was the most successful in encouraging people to pay with their cash,”说明B正确。

　　3. D。正是由于音乐，使得顾客在用餐后留下来吃点心、喝咖啡，从而多花钱，所以D正确。

　　4. A。推断理解题。这位餐馆的经理说，调查的结果肯定会影响餐馆采取的措施，说明他接受了这种观点。

　　5. A。与A相比较，B范围太大，C、D太抽象，而A能很好地概括文章内容。

　　C篇：1. A。主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要是讲中世纪英国的体育和娱乐，故选A。

　　2. C。细节理解题。根据第二段的 There were travelling shows with dancing bears and performing horses. 可知熊和马会跟着剧团去不同的地方表演，故C正确。

　　3. B。细节理解题。根据第三段的 Each of the city’s guilds produced its own section of the Mystery Play, providing costumes at their own expense. 可知是由每座城市的协会负责它们自④The music of Mozart, Bach and Beethoven played in restaurants makes diners feel richer and encourages them to spend money, according to research made by the University of Leicester in central England. 依照位于英格兰中部的莱斯特大学的研究报告，莫扎特、巴赫、贝多芬的音乐会使用餐者感到他们是富人，会乐于消费。

　　⑤Although life was hard in the Middle Ages, there were opportunities for sports and entertainment.尽管对于中世纪来说，人们的生活还是很艰苦的，但是对于体育和娱乐来说，仍然有很多的机会。

　　·单词百宝箱

　　 security n.有价证券When Mr. Green mentioned government securities, they came alive.格林先生一提到政府有价证券,他们的精神就为之一振。vt. 吸引,引诱,诱惑The singer lured many people around him.这位歌星吸引了很多围在他身旁的人。recession n.  经济衰退；不景气The study found many indications that the economy was in a recession.那项研究发现了经济正在衰退的许多迹象。economic depression 经济衰退

　　Because of the economic depression, many workers have been fired . 由于这次的经济衰退，很多工人被解雇了。

　　activate vt. 使活动,启动,触发Treading on any part of this floor activates the alarm system.踩着地板的任何一部分都会触发警报系统。ostume n. 装束

　　Dressed up as a gigantic chicken, she won the prize for the best costume.化妆成一个巨大的鸡，她因此获得最佳服装奖。