所在位置: 查字典英语网 >高中英语 > 高考英语 > 高考高考英语 > 高考高考复习指南 > 2017届高考英语二轮复习课件 第5讲:动词的时态和语态(湖南专用)人教新课标版

2017届高考英语二轮复习课件 第5讲:动词的时态和语态(湖南专用)人教新课标版

发布时间:2017-02-22  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  考点4:主动表被动的若干情形 例1:— Shall we go fishing tomorrow? — Sounds great, but with so much homework ______, I really can't afford the time.

  A. done

  B. to do

  C. being done

  D. doing *

  【解析】选B。“with+宾语+不定式”结构中的不定式表示将来,且常用主动表被动。 *

  考点4:主动表被动的若干情形 例2:This machine is very easy ______. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (2017·辽宁卷 29)

  A. operating

  B. to be operating

  C. operated

  D. to operate *

  【解析】选D。在句型“主语+be+adj.+to do”中,如果这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语,常用主动表被动,所以选D。 *

  考点5: 双宾语动词的被动语态

  She was ______ the bike for 25 dollars,but she wouldn't take it.

  A. provided

  B. supplied

  C. offered

  D. gave *

  【解析】选C。 offer 作“出价,开价”讲,常有offer sb. money for sth.和offer sb. sth. for money两种搭配。此处是将后者用于被动语态中。 *

  考点6:短语动词的被动语态 — Why does Lingling look so unhappy? — She ______ by her classmates.

  A. has laughed

  B. has laughed at

  C. has been laughed

  D. has been laughed at *

  【解析】选D。由by短语可知该用被动语态,即可排除A、B。laugh是不及物动词,没有被动语态,而laugh at是及物动词短语,可用被动语态。 *

  考点7:不及物动词和有些及物动词(短语)无被动语态

  Great changes ______ in the city and a lot of factories ______. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. are taken place; are set up D. were taken place; were set up 自我评估 *

  【解析】选B。take place 为不及物动词短语,一般不用被动语态,即可排除A、C、D。 *

  1. — You've left the light on.

  — Oh, so I have. ______ and turn it off.

  A. I'll go

  B. I've gone

  C. I go

  D. I'm going 易错题笔记 *

  【解析】选A。此题的A和D不易分清,因为两者均可表示将来。will 和 be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图,但意图有强弱之分,如果是事先考虑过的意图,要用 be going to;如果不是事先考虑过的,而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图,则用 will。比较:

  — I've come out without any money.

  ——我没带钱出来。 — Never mind, I will lend you some.

  ——没关系,我借给你。 *

  (句中用will lend表示“借”钱给对方是临时想到的,即听了对方的话后临时作出的反应) I've bought a typewriter and I'm going to learn to type.我买了部打字机,我想学打字。 (句中用 be going to learn to type表示说话人“学打字”是事先准备的,并为此买了台打字机) *

  2. By the window sits his wife, who, dressed in black, ______ like my aunt.

  A. look

  B. looking

  C. looked

  D. looks *

  【解析】选D。但B和C可能被误选。此句的基本结构是 His wife sits by the window,由于句子主语 his wife 带有较复杂的修饰语,所以采用了倒装语序(By the window sits his wife…)。who, dressed in black, ______like my aunt是定语从句,其中dressed in black是插入语,故应填looks作定语从句的谓语。 *

  3. The bridge, which ______ 1688, needs repairing.

  A. is dated from

  B. was dated from

  C. dates from

  D. dated from *

  【解析】选C。此题容易误选B或D,认为句中用了 1688 这个过去时间,所以应选过去时态,又因为 date from 不用于被动语态,所以只能选D。其实此题的最佳答案应是C,因为 date from 的意思是“自某时起存在至今(=have existed since)”,它通常用于一般现在时,而不用于过去时态(尽管其后接的是表示过去的时间),除非所谈论的东西现在已不复存在,如: The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. (那座教堂是13世纪建成的,两年前在一次地震中被毁了。)(注意: 与 date from 同义的 date back to 也有类似用法。)

  *

  4. — Do you like the material?

  — Yes, it ______ very soft.

  A. is feeling

  B. felt

  C. feels

  D. is felt *

  【解析】选C。此题容易误选D,认为应用被动语态。其实,此题正确答案为C,因为 feel 在此为连系动词,不能用于被动语态。

  *

  6. — He will come tomorrow.

  — But I'd rather he ______ the day after tomorrow.

  A. will come

  B. is coming

  C. came

  D. had come *

  【解析】选C。此题容易误选A或B,因为上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的时间状语 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应用一般将来时态。但实际上此题的最佳答案是 C,这与 would rather 的用法有关。按照英语习惯,would rather 后接that 从句时,其谓语的时态规律是: 用过去时表示现在或将来,用过去完成时表示过去。又如:

  I'd rather you went home now.

  我宁愿你现在就回家。 *

  I'd rather you hadn't done that.

  我真希望你没有做过那件事。 “I've told him about it.” “But I'd rather you hadn't.” “我把这件事告诉他了。”“但我倒宁愿你没有告诉他。” “He will take you as well.” “But I'd rather he didn't.” “他将把你也带上。”“但我倒宁愿不要带我去。” *

  7. Mr. Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don't know whether he has finished it.

  A. has written

  B. wrote

  C. had written

  D. was writing *

  【解析】选D。这是由 but I don't know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境决定的,全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书,但我不知道他现在是否写完了”。有的同学可能由于受 last year的影响而误选B。但若选B,则句子前半部分的意思则为“史密斯先生去年写了一本书”,既然是“写了”,那么这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了”相矛盾。 *

  8. — Your phone number again. I ______ quite catch it.

  — It's 4331577.

  A. didn't

  B. couldn't

  C. don't

  D. can't *

  【解析】选A。此题容易误选C,认为此处要用一般现在时态,表示现在“没听清对方的话”。其实,答案应选A,根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗?”,可知“没听清对方的电话号码”应是在说此话以前,故应用一般过去时态。 *

  9. — Please don't make a noise.

  — ______. I'll be as quiet as a mouse.

  A. Yes, I do

  B. No, I don't

  C. Yes, I will

  D. No, I won't *

  【解析】选D。有的同学由于受前一句don't 的影响,认为下文的答句应选A或B,这些同学主要是忽略了上文的真实语境: 上文是一个祈使句,而祈使句表示的时间应是“将来”,这从空格后的 I'll be…这个将来时态也可看出。另外,从 I'll be as quiet as a mouse 这一语境来看,此题的最佳答案应选D而不选C。No, I won't. 为 No, I won't make any noise.之省略。 *

  10. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I ______ too busy.

  A. was

  B. had been

  C. would be

  D. would have been *

  【解析】选A。此题容易误选B或D,认为前句用了had hoped,所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。正确答案为A。前一句谓语用had hoped,表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算,可以译为“本想”,而后一句说“我太忙”,这是陈述过去的一个事实,所以要用一般过去时。 *

  第5讲

  动词的时态和语态

  *

  英语中,动词有16种时态,而湖南高考要求考生掌握10种时态,它们是:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时以及现在完成进行时。 Ⅰ. 动词的时态 *

  考点1:一般现在时与现在进行时

  “Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step ______.”(2017·全国新课标卷 23)

  A. has shown

  B. is showing

  C. shows

  D. showed *

  【解析】选 C。此处是直接引语。句子的内容是生活哲理,所以用一般现在时。句意: 奶奶过去常常说: “人生就像在雪中行走,因为每一步都看得见(留下了你的足迹)。” *

  考点2:现在完成时与一般过去时

  It is the most instructive lecture that I ______ since I came to this school. (2011·湖南卷30)

  A. attended

  B. had attended

  C. am attending

  D. have attended

  *

  【解析】选D。句意:自从我来了这所学校以后,这是我听过的最有教育意义的一场讲座。这里考查了定语从句和时态两个知识点。因为前面的谓语动词是is,并且谈论的是从过去开始持续到现在的一段时间里发生的动作,所以用现在完成时。故选D。 *

  考点3:过去进行时与一般过去时 — That must have been a long trip.

  — Yeah, it ______ us a whole week to get there. (2011·北京卷27)

  A. takes

  B. has taken

  C. took

  D. was taking *

  【解析】选C 。 根据上句must have been可知trip发生在过去,因此第二句选用一般过去时took。句意:——那一定是一次漫长的旅行。——是啊,我们花了整整一星期才到达那儿。 *

  考点4:过去完成时与一般过去时

  After Jack had sent some e­mails, he ______ working on his project. (2017·山东卷 28)

  A. had started

  B. has started

  C. started

  D. starts

  *

  【解析】选 C。 根据前半句的谓语动词用了过去完成时,可知后半句用一般过去时,这样才能符合“过去的过去”这一条件。句意: Jack发了几封电子邮件之后,他才开始研究他的项目。 *

  考点5:现在完成时与现在完成进行时

  The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. (2017·全国大纲卷18)

  A. has told

  B. is telling

  C. has been telling

  D. will have told *

  【解析】选 C。 现在完成进行时表示: 过去某一动作从过去开始一直延续到现在,现在刚刚结束或还在进行。句意: 经理从早上9点开始就一直在不停地告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。根据句意选C。 *

  考点6:一般将来时与将来进行时 — Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon? — I'm sorry, but by then I ______ to Beijing. How about five? (2017·陕西卷 24)

  A. fly

  B. will fly

  C. will be flying

  D. am flying

  *

  【解析】选C。根据问句中的two o'clock和应答句中的by then可知所填词表示的动作在将来正在进行,用将来进行时,选C。 *

  Ⅱ. 动词的语态 考点1:注意各种时态的被动语态形式

  They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ______.(2017·四川卷11)

  A. is being rebuilt

  B. has been rebuilt

  C. is rebuilt

  D. has rebuilt *

  【解析】选A。本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意为: 他们现在暂时和父母一起居住,因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知,应使用现在进行时,且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系,故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。 *

  考点2:“get+过去分词”结构

  Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I ______ on Friday. (2017·辽宁卷 35)

  A. get paid

  B. got paid

  C. have paid

  D. had been paid *

  【解析】选A。句意: 妈妈,能否借几美元给我,星期五发工资后还给你。until引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来,get paid相当于一般现在时的被动语态。 *

  考点3:不及物动词没有被动语态

  Food supplies in the flood­stricken area ______. We must act immediately before there's none left. (2017·重庆卷 27)

  A. have run out

  B. are running out

  C. have been run out

  D. are being run out *

  【解析】选B。分析题干语境可知,食品供应即将耗尽。run out为不及物动词短语,不能使用被动形式,由此可排除C和D两个选项。B选项为现在进行时态,可以表示将来,符合题意。因此,正确答案为B选项。

查看全部
推荐文章
猜你喜欢
附近的人在看
推荐阅读
拓展阅读

分类
  • 年级
  • 类别
  • 版本
  • 上下册
年级
不限
类别
英语教案
英语课件
英语试题
不限
版本
不限
上下册
上册
下册
不限