标题:美国习惯用语-第395讲 lock, stock and barrel...
内容:
这个节目已经持续了很长时间了,在不断学习习惯用法的同时我们偶而也不妨停下来思索一下这个问题:为什么习惯用语时常让外国学生感到困惑难解呢?原因之一是习惯用语的含义跟它所包括的各个单词的意思往往是风马牛不相干的。
我们今天就特意要谈这样两个典型例子。
第一个习惯用语是: lock, stock and barrel。
Stock在这儿解释枪托,而barrel则是枪管。
这儿的lock意思是枪的扳机。
这个习惯用语起源于两百年前。
当时枪支是由枪管、枪托和扳机三部分组成的。
换句话说,lock,
stock and barrel就是整个一支枪了。
那么这个习惯用语意思究竟是什么呢?我们听个例子来琢磨吧:
例句-1:In the old days the bell Telephone Company became the biggest in the
world by buying up a lot of local phone companies, lock, stock and barrel
and merging them into one giant corporation.
他说:Bell电话公司当初收购了许多地方电话公司,把这些小公司统统合并成一家庞大的企业,Bell公司这才跃居世界首位。
Bell公司一古脑儿地网罗了那些小公司,以成为规模巨大的企业,所以这里的 lock, stock and barrel
显然解释"统统地、一古脑儿地。
"
******
Lock, stock and barrel用途比较广泛。
我们再来听个例子。
这回它用在完全不同的场合,是说一栋房子着火了。
例句-2:The firemen did their best, but the house burned right down to the
ground, lock, stock and barrel -- nothing left but ashes.
他说:消防队员尽了一切努力,但是那房子还是彻底化为灰烬了。
这里的lock, stock and barrel仍解释"完全彻底地。
"
******
我们要学的第二个习惯用语是: hook, line and sinker。
Sinker这里是指钓鱼的钓丝上铅做的坠子。
它使钓丝深深下垂到水里。
依此类推,hook一定是挂鱼饵的钩子,而line就是钓丝了。
这个习惯用语的出典是一条愚蠢上钩的鱼饿得吞吃鱼饵时把挂鱼饵的钩子、钓丝和坠子都一并吞进肚里了。
这个习惯用语跟刚才学的习惯用语lock, stock
and barrel意思相近,都解释"统统地、一古脑儿地," 但是它们的用途不同。
Hook, line and
sinker特别用来指象鱼那样愿者上勾的受骗上当的傻瓜,听了骗人的假话全盘接受信以为真。
下面的例子是一个复员回乡的军人Joe在老朋友面前吹嘘自己如何骁勇善战,屡建战功而赢得勋章。
我们来听听实际上是怎么回事:
例句-3:When Joe came back we swallowed hook, line and sinker his stories of
all the overseas battles he'd been in. Later we found he'd spent the whole
time as an army cook at a base here in America.
他说:当初Joe复员回乡时我们听了他在海外作战的故事全都信以为真。
后来我们才发现原来Joe一直在美国本土的一个基地当部队炊事员。
既然Joe是在美国的军事基地炊事员,所以他根本没去海外,也没上前线打仗。
他说的那些英勇战斗故事全是胡编的,而他的朋友们起初都信以为真,可见这里的hook,
line and sinker用来说全盘听信旁人的谎言。******
Joe胡编那些炫耀自己战功的故事尽管虚假倒也不至于害人。
但有时误信谎话就情况严重了。
下面就是这样一个例子。
说的是二十年代的一宗大诈骗案使成千上万人一生的积蓄付诸东流。
当时有个叫Ponzi的人声称只要投资他所谓国际邮汇票证规划,就能在三个月内把原有的钱翻一倍。
结果是他把收到的两千万美元投资款项中的一部分来偿还首批投资人,取得广大民众信任,却把大部分款项中饱私囊:
例句-4:When people heard the early investors were getting money back, they
believed Ponzi hook, line and sinker. But when Ponzi was exposed as a
fraud they learned their money was gone.
他说:人们听说捷足先登的投资人已经赚到钱了,他们就死心塌地地相信Ponzi 。
直到Ponzi的骗局被揭穿,他们才发现自己的钱全泡汤了。
这里hook, line and sinker也用来说彻底上当。
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