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高考英语复习完形填空:考点解析10固定搭配

发布时间:2017-02-22  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  完形填空突破(六)

  ——固定搭配题

  英语中的固定搭配种类繁多,如:固定短语、习语、谚语、惯用法、固定句式等。虽然高考完形填空对固定搭配题的考查比例不大,但是如果对这些内容掌握得不牢固的话,必然会造成不必要的失分,因此考生要熟练掌握《考试大纲》中所列的短语、习语,尽可能多地积累这方面的知识,以提高自己的知识水平和应试能力。

  1.注意常用短语动词的辨认

  短语动词在完形填空的考查中一般都会占有一定的比重。这类短语有两种考查方式。一是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的,这是最简单的一种;另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确,这时要求考生借助于上下文语境作出正确的判断。

  典例

  This new 48 (view) of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also 49 an increasing interest in child-raising techniques.People today spend much time

   50 (seeking) the proper way to 51 (raise) children.

  (2008·福建)49.A.led in B.brought inC.resulted inD.taken in

  答案 C

  解析 本题考查动词短语辨析。分析句子可知,孩子的这种新观点和社会成员之间的频繁联系造成了人们在抚养孩子技巧方面的兴趣不断提高。result in造成,导致;lead in引进;bring in提高;吸引;take in吸入;理解;欺骗。根据题意可得出答案。

  2.注意常见的介词习语

  此种试题考查考生根据具体语境准确使用习语的能力。常见的介词习语的构成是:形容词+介词,介词+名词(+介词);名词+介词等。

  典例

  In early grade school they

  24

  their notes.But as children grow older they become self-conscious(有自我意识的),and 25

  he reached high school,my older son,Marc,informed me he no longer

  26

  my daily notes.

  (2008·全国Ⅱ)

  24.A.loved B.answeredC.wrote

  D.examined

  25.A.latelyB.by the wayC.by the timeD.gradually

  26.A.receivedB.understoodC.enjoyed D.collected

  答案 24.A 25.C 26.C

  解析 24.考查语境选词。根据句意“……孩子们喜欢我写的纸条”可知,答案为A项。

  25.考查副词和介词短语的用法。lately最近;by the way顺便提一下;by the time到……的时候;gradually逐渐地。分析句子结构可知,该空所填词用作连词引导时间状语从句。四个选项中只有by the time可用作连词,并且引导时间状语从句,意为“到他上高中的时候”。

  26.考查动词词义辨析。receive收到;understand理解;enjoy喜欢;collect收集。句意为:随着孩子们年龄的增长,他们变得有自我意识了。在他上高中的时候,我的大儿子告诉我他不再喜欢我每天写的纸条了。1

  (2009·开封月考)

  Success depends upon the glands—sweat glands.Here’s a true story about a man who learned that lesson.

  She stayed away that Friday evening as Harold wrestled.Then about 10∶00 p.m.,just as she predicted,two mencarried Harold home.He lay down on the couch,every muscle strained and bruised.Before she could speak,he 14 ,“Don’t say a word,Martha!This is not the worst of it.Itonight.I have to wrestle again tomorrow night!”

  Harold worked hard for his,but he may not have been ready to succeed!He proved,however,that when you combinewith the belief that you can do a certain thing,tremendous results will often follow.

  In fact,I believe Harold may have even 18 himself.As Dr. Norman Vincent Peale said,“People become really quite 19 when they start thinking that they can do things.When they believe in themselves,they have the first 20 of success.”

  Have you discovered that secret?

  1.A.travel

  B.rest

  C.retire

  D.work

  答案 C

  解析 考查上下文照应。根据第三段的“...soon after he retired Harold joined a health club.”可知,此处应用retire。travel旅行;rest休息;work工作。

  2.A.indifferent

  B.apatheticC.pleasant

  D.enthusiastic

  答案 D

  解析 考查行文逻辑。从句中的“however”可知,Martha对此并不热心。indifferent漠不关心的;apathetic冷漠的;pleasant令人愉快的。

  3.A.deserved

  B.required

  C.wasted

  D.reduced

  答案 B

  解析 考查具体语境中动词的用法。根据下文内容可知,此处指需要体力的活动。eserve

  值得;waste浪费;reduce减少。

  4.A.Since

  B.Again

  C.Before

  D.When

  答案 D

  解析 考查连词的用法。此处指当Harold退休的时候,所以选D项。

  5.A.expect

  B.demand

  C.require

  D.force

  答案 A

  解析 考查具体语境中动词的用法。expect sb.to do sth.期待某人做某事。demand强烈要求;require需要;force迫使。

  6.A.grief

  B.sorrowC.surprise

  D.disappointment

  答案 C

  解析 考查行文逻辑。从前文及空格后面的“soon after he retired Harold joined a health club”可知,此处意为“令Martha吃惊的是”。grief悲伤;sorrow悲痛;disappointment失望。

  7.A.signed

  B.took

  C.made

  D.went

  答案 A

  解析 考查动词短语辨析。根据后面的“for the wrestling tournament”可知,此处用signed。此处意为“我报名参加了摔跤比赛。”

  8.A.box

  B.wrestleC.swim D.shoot

  答案 B

  解析 考查行文逻辑。根据前面的“the wrestling tournament”可知,此处用wrestle。ox

  击打;swim游泳;shoot射击。

  9.A.trouble

  B.doubt

  C.control D.shape

  答案 D

  解析 考查短语辨析。in shape身体健康。此处表示他的妻子不同意他参加比赛,认为他的身体不好,不适合摔跤比赛。in trouble陷于麻烦之中;in doubt不确定,拿不准;in control处于控制之中。

  10.A.drive

  B.force C.carry D.demand

  答案 C

  解析 考查上下文照应。从下文的“...carried Harold home”可知,此处应用carry。rive

  驱使;force迫使;demand强烈要求。

  11.A.persuaded

  B.threatenedC.botheredD.forbidden

  答案 A

  解析 考查行文逻辑。根据文中的“However”可知,他并没有被说服。threaten威胁;bother使烦恼;forbid禁止。

  12.A.help

  B.watch

  C.cheer

  D.applaud

  答案 B

  解析 考查动词的用法。根据下文的“She stayed away that Friday evening as Harold wrestled.”可知,此处表示如果他不听的话,那么他比赛的时候,Martha就不会去看。help帮助;cheer欢呼;applaud鼓掌。

  13.A.kindly B.angrily C.heavily D.readily

  答案 A

  解析 考查具体语境中副词的用法。此处表示两个人好心地把他抬了回来。angrily生气地;heavily沉重地;readily乐意地。

  14.A.ordered B.cried

  C.spoke

  D.screamed

  答案 C

  解析 考查具体语境中动词的用法。此处表示他在妻子说教之前,自己先说了。rder

  命令;cry哭泣;scream尖叫。

  15.A.paid

  B.tried C.failed

  D.won

  答案 D

  解析 考查行文逻辑。根据下文的“I have to wrestle again tomorrow night!”可知,他赢了今天晚上的比赛,明天还要进行比赛。pay付费;try努力;fail失败。

  16.A.success B.reputationC.wealth

  D.position

  答案 A

  解析 考查上下文照应。根据下文的“but he may not have been ready to succeed”中的“succeed”可知,此处用success。reputation名声;wealth财富;position地位。

  17.A.tear

  B.sweat

  C.blood D.patience

  答案 B

  解析 考查上下文照应。根据文章开头的“Success depends...glands.”可知,此处用sweat,表示一个人只要舍得付出汗水并坚定自己的信仰,就一定能够取得成功。tear泪水;blood血;patience耐心。

  18.A.conducted B.scaredC.surprised D.enjoyed

  答案 C

  解析 考查语境。此处“surprised himself”表示他自己都会感到吃惊——一个从来不运动的人,在努力付出之后,取得了成功。conduct引领;scare使惊恐;enjoy喜欢。

  19.A.remarkable B.selflessC.generous

  D.smart

  答案 A

  解析 考查行文逻辑。结合后面的“when they start thinking that they can do things”可知,此处表示人们变得非常出众(remarkable)。selfless无私的;generous慷慨的;smart聪明的。

  20.A.enjoyment B.short cutC.story D.secret

  答案 D

  解析 考查上下文照应。此处表示他们就找到了成功的第一个秘密。enjoyment乐趣;short cut捷径;story故事。2

  (2008·福建)

  North America was mainly concerned with survival and 2 that,its own economic prosperity.Thus,children were 3 in terms of their productivity(生产能力),and they played the role of producer quite early.they fulfilled this role,their position in the family was one of subordination(附属).

  With theof the society,the position of children in the family and in the society became more important.In the complex and technological society 6 the United States has become,each 7 must fulfill a number of personal and occupational 8 and be in contact with many other members.  9 ,viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are 10 more as people in their own right than as those of subordination.This acceptance of children as 11 participants in the family is reflected in various laws 12 the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.

  This new 13 of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also

   14 an increasing interest in child-raising techniques.People today spend much time 15 the proper way to 16 children.

  Nowadays,the socialization of the child in the United States is a  17 transaction(事务) between parent and childa one-way,parent-to-child training 19 .As a consequence,socializing children and 20 with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure,satisfaction,and problems.

  1.A.poor

  B.ordinary

  C.happy

  D.wealthy

  答案 B

  解析 通篇文章说的是一般家庭中孩子的事,而不是某种特殊的家庭中孩子的情况。

  2.A.except B.for

  C.beyond

  D.through

  答案 C

  解析 beyond表示(范围)超出。文中说“……主要顾及生存,此外还有……”;except表示排除,不合文意。

  3.A.supportedB.receivedC.encouraged

  D.valued

  答案 D

  解析 孩子们被视为有生产能力而受到重视,而不是被支持、接受或鼓励。

  4.A.UntilB.After C.Although

  D.When

  答案 A

  解析 在完成这个角色之前,用until。

  5.A.movementB.achievementC.development D.requirement

  答案 C

  解析 随着社会的发展,孩子们在家庭及社会中的地位也变得更加重要。

  6.A.that

  B.where

  C.when

  D.what

  答案 A

  解析 that引导定语从句,在从句中作become的表语;when,where只能在从句中作状语;what不引导定语从句。

  7.A.parent B.member

  C.family

  D.relative

  答案 B

  解析 each member与本句末的many other members对应。

  8.A.purposesB.promises C.roles

  D.tasks

  答案 C

  解析 roles与第4个空之后的they fulfilled this role相呼应。

  9.A.BesidesB.However C.Instead

  D.Therefore

  答案 D

  解析 下文是根据上文推出的结论,用therefore表示因此,所以。

  10.A.admired B.regardedC.made

  D.respected

  答案 B

  解析 be regarded as被看作。

  11.A.willing B.equal C.similar

  D.common

  答案 B

  解析 根据后文的“保护孩子们的权利”推断,这里表示认可孩子们在家庭中的平等地位。

  12.A.enjoyingB.preventingC.considering

  D.protecting

  答案 D

  解析 根据上下文应是“保护”之意。

  13.A.view

  B.faith

  C.world

  D.study

  答案 A

  解析 以上的叙述是一种观点、看法。

  14.A.led in B.brought inC.resulted in D.taken in

  答案 C

  解析 文中说“……导致了对……日益增长的兴趣”,result in =lead to导致;bring in引进,挣得;take in吸收。

  15.A.seeking

  B.makingC.fighting

  D.working

  答案 A

  解析 seek the proper way寻求适当的方法。

  16.A.nurse

  B.praiseC.understand

  D.raise

  答案 D

  解析 raise children抚养孩子。nurse仅表示“照料”。

  17.A.one-sided B.many-sidedC.round-way D.two-way

  答案 D

  解析 two-way双向的,与后边的one-way对应。

  18.A.more thanB.rather thanC.better thanD.less than

  答案 B

  解析 是双向的,而不是单向的,“而不”rather than。

  19.A.manner

  B.method C.program

  D.guide

  答案 C

  解析 training program训练程序。

  20.A.takingB.livingC.playing

  D.discussing

  答案 B

  解析 

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