高考英语复习完形填空：讲练解析10

　　完形填空

　　复习指导

　　1．强化语篇意识,读懂短文大意

　　要想正确解答完形填空(二),弄清短文大意至关重要。切忌急于求成,看到一空填上一词。考生若一开始就忙于填空,势必会因没有掌握文章中心而导致顾此失彼、错误百出。该题型在很大程度上与语境联系紧密,若是在没有弄清短文大意的情况下孤立地去填空,就可能偏离主题,一错到底。可见语篇意识、全局意识对于解题有着非常关键的作用。同时,考生要学会跳读技巧。解题时,首先要跳过空白,通读全文,遇到意思不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去,全力以赴捕捉能获得的所有信息,快速了解短文大意。

　　2．理清内在联系,确定考查内容

　　短文中的每句话都会和上下文有关,不会是孤立的。所以,考生做题时应在把握主题的基础上,在上下文上多下工夫。先要弄清短文各句、各段的内在联系,看看句与句、段与段之间是顺承关系、选择关系、转折关系、递进关系还是因果关系等,以便顺藤摸瓜,填出正确答案。另外,考生要注意上下文的相互暗示,可能是上文暗示下文,限制下文,也可能是下文重视上文,制约上文。在做这类题目时,考生如果不注意前后的呼应,拿来就做,就会无形中制造更大的干扰,增加解题的难度。通常情况下,考生在了解填空处前后的逻辑关系后,首先要界定填空处的语法功能,确定填空处的词性、词形,然后根据上下文确定它的意义,最后落实到具体的某一个词上。这样环环相扣,步步为营,稳步推进,才能达到缩小选择范围的目的。

　　3．熟悉语法知识,了解语法功能

　　如果考生不熟悉语法知识,再好的技巧也无用武之地。考生应尽量多做句型转换、完成句子等主观性比较强的试题,这些题型对于解答该类题很有帮助。考生对常见的语法项目应了如指掌,如引导定语从句的关系代词有哪些,关系副词有哪些,它们之间的区别是什么等。如果在试题中出现了考查定语从句的题目,考生就可以根据这些定语从句的知识,确定考查内容,轻松填出正确的词语。了解词语的语法功能也非常重要,如介词、冠词、形容词后面通常会接什么样的词,不定式、动名词和分词分别可作句子的什么成分,主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语通常用一些什么词来充当等。如果考生没有掌握这些知识,推断就会缺少依据,做题就无从下手。

　　4．正确记忆词汇,熟练掌握习语

　　完形填空(二)有一部分题是考查对习语、短语、惯用法和常见句式的熟练程度的,所以考生平时要注意积累。对常见的、常用的高频词汇应当能灵活运用,正确拼写。对常见句式要能脱口而出。对固定搭配要了然于心。当考试中碰到类似的片段情景时,就能触景生“情”,触类旁通。在完形填空(二)中有一部分是考查关联词的。考查关联词语,实质上是考查考生对内在逻辑关系的把握情况,所以考生要学会正确恰当地使用这些表示逻辑关系的关联词,使文章前后连贯,结构紧凑,过渡自然。

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　　When you consider what subject to study in college,chances are

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　　you and your parents will think about what you can make out of it

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　　graduation.You will likely ask the question：“Can I find a well-paid job or find simply a job with a degree in this in the future？”

　　This consideration also influences students when they come to choose

　　science and humanities at college.People generally believe that the humanities,

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　　include literature,history,cultural studies and philosophy,do not prepare students for a specific vocation.Science subjects,

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　　,are considered vocational courses that produce scientists,engineers and economists.

　　“I’ve decided to take finance as

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　　college major.My parents and I think this subject will help me get a good job or start a business,”said Huachen Yueru,17,

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　　science student at Wuxi No.1 Senior High School.

　　Even

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　　who choose a liberal arts college often pick the humanities that they think will best help them find a job later.

　　1．that。　[考查表语从句。chances are that...意为“可能”,此处that引导表语从句。]

　　2．after。　[考查介词。此处是指担心毕业后的前途问题。]

　　3．between。　[根据下文的“science and humanities”可知,此处是指在这两者之间选择,故填between。]

　　4．which。　[考查非限制性定语从句。此处需要非限制性定语从句补充说明humanities的具体内容。]

　　5．however。　[考查上下文的逻辑关系。由语境可知上下文之间为转折关系,故用however。]

　　6．my。　[考查形容词性物主代词。此处是谈论“我”的情况。]

　　7．a。　[考查不定冠词。此处a表示“一个”的概念。]

　　8．those/students。　[考查定语从句的先行词。句意为：甚至那些选择文科院校的学生也常常选择他们认为最能帮他们找工作的文科。]2

　　One in every five people in the world speaks Chinese.That makes Chinese the single most spoken language in the world today.

　　Yet millions and millions of Chinese students,1

　　elementary school to university,spend thousands of hours learning a

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　　language,primarily English.Why does English make a must for Chinese students？Why do they spend so much trying to acquire it？Is it really that necessary for each and every

　　people?

　　This question has been endlessly asked over the course of Chinese education history and is still a matter of debate.

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　　there’s no question that English is the No.1 language internationally and will remain so for years

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　　come,many students,teachers and educators feel that English shouldn’t be raised to such an important level in Chinese schools.They think it should be an elective course since not everybody will be using it in their work.Many college students say that

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　　time spent preparing for English tests could have been better spent on their majors

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　　would be more useful for their future.

　　So what’s your opinion on this issue？Does China’s educational system place much importance on English?

　　1．from。　[考查介词搭配。from...to...意为“从到”。]

　　2．foreign。　[根据上下文内容,特别是“primarily English”可知,此处是指一门外语。]

　　3．Chinese。　[根据上文的“a must for Chinese students”可知,此处指每位中国人。]

　　4．While/Although/Though。　[考查从属连词。while,although或though用于连接让步状语从句,意为“尽管”。]

　　5．to。　[考查不定式作定语。years to come“未来几年”。]

　　6．the。　[考查冠词的用法。由定语“spent preparing for English tests”可以判断出time为特定的时间,所以此处应用定冠词。]

　　7．which/that。　[考查定语从句的引导词。此处which/that指代“their majors”,在定语从句中作主语。]

　　8．too。　[结合语境考查副词的用法。句意为：中国的教育制度过分注重英语了吗？]3

　　One of my friends did business in cooperation with somebody else a few years ago.Their freighter was upturned by a storm at sea and their hope,together with all their wealth was damaged all

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　　a sudden.He was so upset by the blow that he became low-spirited and couldn’t even concentrate his attention.When he knew his partner

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　　suffered the same catastrophe never lost heart and that his days went on as colorfully as before,my friend asked him

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　　he could manage it.He said,“If you complain or sadden yourself,life goes on as usual；if you are happy and enjoy yourself,the world still runs as usual.Which course do you follow？”

　　That is how a person leads his life.When you are optimistic and in

　　good mood,your future seems sunny and bright.

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　　the contrary,when you are worried and have your mind caged in sadness,your future will turn dark.

　　Just

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　　flowers keep blooming,fine days are passing away one

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　　another.To spend your days joyfully or sorrowfully will entirely depend on

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　　.

　　1．of。　[all of a sudden突然,猛地。]

　　2．who/that。　[who/that指代先行词“his partner”,在从句中作主语。]

　　3．how。　[考查副词的用法。how在这里表示方式。句意为：当得知遭遇同样不幸的合伙人居然没有失去信心,生活还过得有滋有味时,我的朋友就去问他的合伙人他是怎么挺过来的。]

　　4．a。　[in a good mood为固定搭配,意为“心情好”。句意为：当你以一种豁达、乐观向上的心态去生活时,你的未来看起来将阳光灿烂,一片光明。]

　　5．On。　[on the contrary为固定短语,意为“相反”。]

　　6．as。　[just as为固定短语,意为“正如”。此处意为“正如花儿照样尽情地开放一样”。]

　　7．after。　[one after another为固定搭配,意为“一个接一个地”。此处意为“美好的日子也一天天地流逝”。]

　　8．yourself。　[句意为：你是高兴地度过每一天还是痛苦地挨过每一天完全取决于你自己。]4

　　JAKARTA,June 16 (Xinhua)—A coal mine exploded in Indonesia’s West Sumatra Province on Tuesday,killing 5 people and trapping at least 30 others underground,according

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　　the latest information of the local disaster management agency.

　　Previous reports of local media said the accident caused 6 deaths

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　　the local government agency updated the number of the casualties later.

　　Ade Edward,an official with the agency,said 10

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　　people were seriously injured in the explosion

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　　happened on early Tuesday morning in Sawahlunto.

　　“The methane explosion threw 15 people outside the mine hole,and 5 of

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　　were dead and 10 others were seriously wounded.

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　　is estimated that 30 to 40 miners are trapped underground,”he told Xinhua from the Province by phone.

　　“Some of

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　　injured suffered from burns in the explosion,”Edward added.

　　“Rescue operation of those trapped is underway.Local rescuers and police personnel assisted

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　　the operation with heavy machinery equipment,”he said.

　　“Despite the efforts,the trapped people have not been able to be taken out of the one-meter-wide exit.They have a slim chance of surviving as there is no oxygen supply equipment,”Edward said.

　　“Insufficient work safety standard is blamed for the accident,”he said.

　　1．to。　[according to根据。]

　　2．but。　[考查逻辑关系。上下文之间存在转折关系。句意为：当地媒体最初报道说事故导致六人死亡,但是当地政府后来更新了事故的伤亡人数。]

　　3．other。　[考查限定词。此处意为“其他十人在爆炸中严重受伤”。]

　　4．which/that。　[考查定语从句的引导词。which/that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。]

　　5．them。　[考查人称代词。此处them指代前面的“15 people”。]

　　6．It。　[it作形式主语,代替that引导的主语从句。]

　　7．the。　[考查冠词的用法。“the＋形容词/过去分词”表示一类人。the injured意为“伤员”。]

　　8．in/with。　[考查介词与动词的搭配。assist in/with意为“在……方面帮助、援助”。]

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　　(2010湘潭一次月考)

　　One morning,a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside a huge window,1

　　overlooked the Tred Avon River.Suddenly she leaned forward and cried out,“There is a goose

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　　there！”

　　She saw the figure of

　　large Canada goose,very still,its wings folded tight to its sides and its feet frozen to the ice.

　　Then in the sky,she saw a line of swans.They flew from the top of the sky downward and at last landed on the ice.My friend was

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　　her feet,with one unbelieving hand against her mouth.As the swans surrounded the frozen goose,she feared that the poor goose might be pecked to death by those great swan bills.

　　Unexpectedly,those bills began to work on the ice.The long necks were lifted and curved down(弯下) again and again.They went on for a long time.At last,the goose was free,standing on the ice.And the swans stood nearby watching.Then,as

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　　the goose was crying,“I cannot fly”,four of the swans came down around it.

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　　powerful bills chipped off the ice stuck in its feathers.Slowly,the goose spread its wings as far as it would go.Seeing the

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　　could freely move its wings,the swans flew slowly into the sky.

　　This is a true story.Every time I think of it,I can’t help asking,“If

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　　for birds,why not for men？”

　　1．which。　[考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。which指代“a huge window”,在从句中作主语。]

　　2．out。　[考查副词的用法。out常用于介词短语及副词前强调距离之远。如：He lives out in Australia.他远在澳大利亚居住。]

　　3．a。　[考查不定冠词的用法。此处为第一次提到Canada goose,所以用a表示泛指概念。]

　　4．on。　[考查介词的用法。on one’s feet意为“站着”。]

　　5．if/though。　[考查状语从句的连接词。as if/though意为“仿佛,好像”。]

　　6．Their。　[考查形容词性物主代词。名词前需要限定性修饰语,由语境可知,此处应用Their。]

　　7．goose。　[考查名词的用法。根据上下文内容可知,此处指鹅。]

　　8．so。　[考查替代的用法。so代替上文提到的情况,句意为：鸟且如此,为何人类不可以这样呢？]