2017届高考英语一轮总复习单元测试（十四）

　　2017届高考英语一轮总复习单元精选测试系列资料（十四）

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard.But in the rich world，children can　1　from a different kind of poverty－of the spirit.　2　，one Western country alone now sees 14,000 attempted suicides(自杀) every year by children under 15，and one child　3　five needs psychiatric(心理) advice.

　　There are many good things about　4　in the Third World.Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents，relatives and neighbours for example.In the West，the very nature of work puts distance between　5　and children.But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices.　6　，the child sees mother and father，relations and neighbours working　7　and often shares in that work.

　　A child　8　in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's 　9　：helping to dig or build，look after animals or babies－rather than　10　playing with water and sand in kindergarten，keeping pets　11　playing with dolls.

　　These children may grow up with a less oppressive(压迫的)sense of space and time than the　12　children.Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky.Children in the rich world，　13　，are provided with a watch as one of the　14　signs of growing up，so that they can　15　along with their parents about being late for school times，meal times，bed times，the times of TV shows...

　　Of course，twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease.But childhood in the Third World is not all bad.

　　1.A.come　B.learn

　　C.suffer

　　D.survive

　　解析：根据其宾语a different kind of poverty可判断出在富裕的世界里，孩子可能遭受一种不同的贫穷。

　　答案：C

　　2.A.As usual

　　B.For instance

　　C.In fact

　　D.In other words

　　解析：for instance“例如”，举例说明贫穷的孩子们所遭受的痛苦。

　　答案：B

　　3.A.by

　　B.in

　　C.to

　　D .under

　　解析：one child in five意为“五分之一的孩子”。

　　答案：B

　　4.A.childhood

　　B.poverty

　　C.spirit

　　D.survival

　　解析：这篇短文讲述的是在第三世界中孩子们所遭受的贫穷和痛苦，但是在他们的童年中也有乐事。

　　答案：A

　　5.A.adults

　　B.fathers

　　C.neighbours

　　D.relatives

　　解析：根据上文中的“意为Take the close and constant relation between childhood and their parents，relatives and neighbours for example.”可判断出这里所说的是成人和孩子之间的关系。

　　答案：A

　　6.A.Anyhow

　　B.However

　　C.Instead

　　D.Still

　　解析：在第三世界国家里，父母不到很远的地方工作，孩子们可以看到他们工作。

　　答案：C

　　7.A.away

　　B.alone

　　C.along

　　D.nearby

　　解析：根据所提供的情景“the child sees mother and father，relations and neighbour working”可判断出孩子们可在附近看父母或邻居工作。

　　答案：D

　　8.A.growing up

　　B.living through

　　C.playing

　　D.working

　　解析：grow up意为“长大”，表示这样长大。

　　答案：A

　　9.A.activity

　　B.life

　　C.study

　　D.work

　　解析：根据所提供的情景“helping to dig or build，look after animal or babies”可判断出，孩子们通过参加社区的工作学习自己的角色。

　　答案：D

　　10.A.by

　　B.from

　　C.through

　　D.with

　　解析：through意为“通过”，表示而不是通过在幼儿园里玩水和沙子学习他或她的角色。

　　答案：C

　　11.A.and

　　B.but

　　C.or

　　D.so

　　解析：or意为“或者”，表示或者通过玩洋娃娃学习他或她的角色。

　　答案：C

　　12.A.Eastern

　　B.good

　　C.poor

　　D.Western

　　解析：这一段讲述了在第三世界国家的孩子的成长过程，他们通过劳动学习自己的角色，因此第三世界国家的孩子在一种自由自在的环境中成长，所以他们比西方国家的孩子更少有压抑感。

　　答案：D

　　13.A.at any moment

　　B.at the same time

　　C.on the other hand

　　D.on the whole

　　解析：on the other hand意为“另一方面”，用于把西方国家的孩子与第三世界国家的孩子进行比较。

　　答案：C

　　14.A.easiest

　　B.earliest

　　C.happiest

　　D.quickest

　　解析：earliest意为“最早的”，表示在西方国家里，孩子被给予一块手表作为长大的标志。

　　答案：B

　　15.A.care

　　B.fear

　　C.hurry

　　D.worry

　　解析：care about意为“担心”，表示与父母一起担心上学、吃饭、上床睡觉、看电视是否迟到的问题。

　　答案：A

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life， but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

　　So， you have to give a speech—and you're terrified. You get nervous， you forget what you want to say， you stumble over words， you talk too long， and you bore your audience. Later you think， “Thank goodness， it's over. I'm just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”

　　Cheer up！ It doesn't have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion？Why are you speaking？Then， gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible， and use pictures， charts， and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads， and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

　　Just remember：be prepared. Know your subject， your audience， and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person­to­person contact with your audience.

　　If you follow these simple steps， you'll see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact， you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches！ You're not convinced yet.Give it a try and see what happens.

　　语篇解读：文章的开头介绍很多人在平常的生活里都需要做演讲。第二段介绍一般人做演讲的消极心态，接着作者介绍正常的演讲所需要的步骤，帮助他们克服对演讲的恐惧。文章的思路很明确，只要大家把握文章的脉络，正确解答应该是没问题的。

　　1.The main idea of this article is .

　　A.you can improve your speaking ability

　　B.a poor speaker can never change

　　C.always make a short speech

　　D.it is hard to make a speech

　　解析：主旨归纳题。作者在文章中介绍了怎样去做一个有效的演讲，旨在帮助人们去改善自己的演讲技巧。

　　答案：A

　　2.Paragraph 2 implies that .

　　A.many people are afraid of giving a speech

　　B.many people are happy to give a speech

　　C.many people do not prepare for a speech

　　D.many people talk too long

　　解析：细节理解题。文章的第二段介绍了一般人对演讲的恐惧心理。

　　答案：A3.The phrase “talk over their heads” means .

　　A.speak too loudly

　　B.look at the ceiling

　　C.look down upon them

　　D.use words and ideas that are too difficult

　　解析：细节理解题。文章中介绍做演讲要简明易懂，不要让你的听众觉得你的演讲很难去把握。

　　答案：D

　　4.All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that .

　　A.few people know how to make good speeches

　　B.a lecturer does not need to organize his speech

　　C.research is important in preparing a speech

　　D.there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability

　　解析：细节理解题。B选项的内容恰好与文章的意思相反，文章说做演讲是要花大量的时间准备的。

　　答案：B

　　5.The title for this passage may be .

　　A.Do Not Make a Long Speech

　　B.How to Give a Good Speech

　　C.How to Prepare for a Speech

　　D.Try to Enjoy a Speech

　　解析：主旨归纳题。文章的主旨就是教大家怎样去做一个有效的演讲。

　　答案：B

　　B

　　At present，specialization has become an increasing important factor in a great many careers. You find these careers in engineering， in production， in statistical work， and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance， people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is， in other words， a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees， of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists”. And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in administration， where it is their job to see that other people do the work， where they have to plan for other people， to organize other people's work， to begin it and judge it.

　　The specialist understands one field； his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained” man； and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalists and especially the administrator deal with people； his concern is with leadership， with planning， and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man； and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people， though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out， during your training period， into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit， and to plan your career accordingly.

　　Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time， you must not look upon the first job as the final job； it is primarily a training job， an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.

　　语篇解读：文章介绍了当前职业市场所需要的两种人才：专才和通才。最后指出个人择业要发挥自己的特长。

　　6.There is an increasing demand for .

　　A.all round people in their own fields

　　B.people whose job is to organize other people's work

　　C.people whose educational background is either technical or professional

　　D.specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others

　　解析：细节理解题。本题首段说现在对通才需求日益增加，下文对通才进行了解析。

　　答案：B

　　7.The specialist is .

　　A.a man whose job is to train other people

　　B.a man who has been trained in more than one field

　　C.a man who can see the forest rather than the trees

　　D.a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters

　　解析：细节理解题。参考第二段第二句话。

　　答案：D

　　8. The administrator is .

　　A.a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalist

　　B.a man who sees the trees as well as the forest

　　C.a man who is very strong in the humanities

　　D.a man who is an “educated” specialist

　　解析：推断题。参考第二段第五句和第四句，综合推断不难找出答案。

　　答案：C

　　9.During your training period， it is important .

　　A.to try to be a generalist

　　B.to choose a profitable job

　　C.to find an organization which fits you

　　D.to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist

　　解析：细节理解题。参考第二段末句不难找出答案。

　　答案：D

　　10.A man's first job .

　　A.is never the right job for him

　　B.should not be regarded as his final job

　　C.should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any job

　　D.is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job

　　解析：细节理解题。理解文章的末句，选项D是文章内容的另一种说法。

　　答案：D

　　.基础写作

　　随着网络的发展，目前很多人给亲朋好友发电子贺卡。请根据以下提示，阐述电子贺卡的优越性。

　　[写作内容]

　　1.可播放动画和声音；

　　2.传递速度快，节省钱；

　　3.形式多样，可从网站下载，可自行设计；

　　4.有利于环境保护。

　　[写作要求]

　　只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

　　[评分标准]

　　句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

　　参考词汇：电子贺卡：electronic card；网站：web site

　　　参考范文：

　　With the development of the Internet， more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones at festivals' time. Compared with the traditional ones， electronic cards are more interesting and lively， for you can get not only pictures but also sound. Besides， it's faster to send an electronic card and it can save money. There are many web sites on line where different varieties of cards are available but if none of these cards are of any interest to you， you can design cards of special style. More importantly， with the popularity of electronic cards， less paper is used for making paper cards， which contributes to the environment protection.