一、状语从句中的when
when用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”,从句的谓语可以是延续性动词或非延续性动词。when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时(或现在完成时)代替将来时。
Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _____ she got to her office. (2010四川)
A. since B. that
C. when
D. until
C。句意:因为交通拥挤,当她到达办公室时已是午休时间了。when引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”,符合句意。
此外,when还可以引导条件、原因、让步等状语从句。
How can you expect to learn anything _____ you never listen? (2006山东)
A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when
D。when意为“既然,考虑到”,符合句意。in case以免,以防;even if即使;unless除非。
when
when用作并列连词,意为“正在这时;突然”,常用在以下句式中:
(1) 过去进行时(延续性动词)+when+一般过去时,意为“正在做某事,这时发生了另外一件事”;(2) be about to do… when+一般过去时,意为“正要做某事,这时发生了另外一件事”;(3) 过去完成时(非延续性动词)+when+一般过去时,意为 “刚刚做完某事,突然发生了另外一事”。
1. Tom was about to close the window _____ his attention was caught by a bird. (2010全国II)
A. when
B. if
C. and
D. till
2. She had just finished her homework _____ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
(2009福建)
A. when
B. while
C. after
D. since
3. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. (2004上海)
A. when
B. while
C. since
D. once
1. A。符合句式(2)。2. A。符合句式(3)。3. A。符合句式(1)。
when
when用作连接副词,引导名词性从句,并在从句中作时间状语。
1. A good friend of mine from _____ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing. (2009安徽)
A. how
B. whom
C. when
D. which
2. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.
(2008天津)
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. why
3. Please remind me _____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.
(2006全国I)
A. where
B. when
C. how
D. what
4. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _____ and see him.
(2005北京)
A. you will come
B. will you come
C. you come
D. do you come
【简析】1. C。句意:就在我动身去北京前,我自出生起就认识的一位好朋友出现在我家里。when引导宾语从句,作介词from的宾语,构成介词短语作后置定语,修饰friend。2. C。when引导表语从句,与前面的the last time对应。3. B。从后文中的be in time可知选B。4. A。宾语从句要用陈述语序,可排除B和D;when引导宾语从句,根据意思要用将来时,故选A。
when
when用作关系副词引导定语从句,修饰表示时间的名词,并在从句中作时间状语,相当于at/on/in which。
1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
(2009江苏)
A. if
B. when
C. which
D. since
2. She’ll never forget her stay there _____ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (2009四川)
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
1. B。句意:因为金融危机,五星级饭店一夜收取6000元费用的日子一去不复返了。days是先行词,定语从句中缺少时间状语,故用when, 选B。本句中先行词与定语从句被谓语are gone隔开,增加了试题的难度。2. D。先行词是stay,定语从句中缺少时间状语,故用when, 选D。
when从句的省略
when引导时间状语从句时,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致或从句主语为it,且从句中的谓语部分含有be的形式,可将从句主语和be省略,只保留分词短语、形容词短语或介词短语等。
When _____ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
(2005福建)
A. offering
B. to offer
C. to be offered
D. offered
D。从句中的主语承后省略,offer的主语是one, 故用被动语态。When offered help=When one is offered help。
when构成的固定搭配
when构成一些常见搭配,如when it comes to... 当涉及到……, hardly... when...一……就……,no matter when... 不管什么时候。如:
No matter when you come, you will be welcome.不管你什么时候来,都欢迎。
Most of us know we should cut down on fat. But knowing such things isn’t much help when it _____ shopping and eating. (2006天津)
A. refers to
B. speaks of
C. focuses on
D. comes to
D。when it comes to…是固定句式,意为“当谈及到……;当涉及到……”。其中to是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。如: When it comes to educating the kids, he kept silent.当谈及到教育孩子时,他一言不发。
1. — When _____ and visit our exhibition next month?
—When _____, I’ll let you know.
A. will he come; he will come
B. will he come; he comes
C. does he come; he will come
D. does he come; he comes
2. It was an exciting moment for these Spanish football fans this year, _____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup championship.
A. which
B. that
C. while
D. when
3. When _____ with difficulties, she ran away.
A. faced
B. facing
C. face
D. to face
4. — Did you remember the days _____ we worked on the farm?
— Certainly. Especially the hard times _____ we spent together.
A. which; when
B. when; which
C. when; when
D. which; which
5. When I was at college, I _____ three foreign languages, but I _____ all except a few words of each.
A. spoke; had forgotten
B. spoke; have forgotten
C. had spoken; had forgotten
D. had spoken; have forgotten
6. When _____ the prices of these goods, we must take everything into consideration.
A. compared
B. having compared
C. comparing
D. compare
7. I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the countryside with my friends, _____ has a great effect on my life.
A. where; which
B. when; which
C. which; that
D. when; that
8. It was in 1993 _____ he was at college _____ he joined the Party.
A. that; that
B. when; when
C. that; when
D. when; that
9. _____ had he arrived home _____ it began to rain.
A. Hardly; when
B. Not; until
C. No sooner; when
D. No sooner; before
10. _____ there is no gravity, our feet can no longer stay on the ground.
A. Since
B. When
C. While
D. As
Key:
1-5 BDABB
6-10 CBDAB
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