B2U1
2.survive vi.survivor n.幸存者→survival n.幸存,3.amaze vt.amazing adj.令人吃惊的→
amazed adj.感到吃惊的→amazement n.惊奇,
6.decorate vdecoration n.装饰,8.remove vt.removal n.移动;排除
13.explode vi.explosion n.爆炸
15.sink vi.1.survive vt. vi. 活下来;幸存
survival n. 存活,幸存
survivor n. 幸存者
survive sb. (by) 比某人活得长(几年)
survive sth. 幸免于某事
survive on sth. 靠……存活下来
survive from sth. 从……存活下来;流传下来
[即学即练1](1)It was lucky that the boy ____________ ______.很幸运,。
(2)She ____________ her husband by ten years.。(3)Many strange customs have ________________ earlier times.
有许多古怪的习俗源远流长。
10.take apart 拆开,拆散
[即学即练10](1)The Germans ____________ the Amber Room and moved it away.
德国人把琥珀屋拆开移走了。
(2)John enjoys __________________ to see how they work.约翰喜欢拆卸东西,以研究它们的工作原理。
took
apart//taking
things
apart
拓展:apart 是副词,“相距,相隔;分开,分离;在一边”。还可以构成如下短语:
apart from 除……以外
know/tell... apart 辨认,区别
put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.)
使某人/某物显得优越或独特
stand apart 分开站
live apart 分开住
be wide/far apart 相距很远
①这些短语中,若代词做宾语,要放在动词与 apart 之间。
②apart from有 besides 和 except 的双重含义。
11.think highly of 看重;器重
think well/much of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价高
think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth.
对某人/某物评价低(印象不好)
think poorly of 不放在眼里;轻视
think nothing of 轻视;认为无所谓
speak highly of 高度赞扬
speak well/ill of 说……好/坏
think of 想起,记得;觉得怎样
think of...as...把……当做……
[即学即练11](1)I don't __________________ these so-called improvements to the town center.
我对这些所谓的改善市中心的措施评价不高。
(2)We all __________________ her.
我们都很看重她。
think
much
of//think
highly
of
提示:当 think highly/well/much...of用于被动结构时,修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前,即:be highly/well/much thought of。
1. elect/choose/select/pick
(1)elect“选举;选择”,指在一定的范围内或有限的数量中,遵照一定的规章或法制,用投票或举手等表决方式,以多数为标准,选举出代表或负责人;也含有为完成某任务而选择适用的人员的意思。
(2)choose“挑选;选择”,指从若干人或事物中找出符合要求、满足需要的人或事物。这种选择取决于个人主观意志,带有最终选定的含义。
(3)select“精选”,语气比choose重,而且更正式,强调客观性,挑选对象是同类的。
(4)pick常与out连用,有“挑选,选择”之意,指仔细地、精心地选择,带有挑剔意味,有时可与select互换,作“拣出,认出”解。
[应用1] (1)It took her an hour to ___________ a dress that suited her.
(2)Chu has been ___________ to attend the National Young Leaders’ Conference.
(3)We have __________ him chairman.
(4)You should ____________ friends with care.
pick(out)//selected//elected//choose
3. remove/move
remove和move都表示“移动”。区别是move强调位置和姿态的改变;remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的地方,有时相当于take away/off。表示“迁居”时,二者均可。
[应用3] (1)What do you advise for _______________ ink from my clothes?
(2)Who __________ my cheese?
(3)We are ______________________ from London to the country.
Removing//moved//moving/removing
B2U2
2.compete vi.competition n.比赛;竞争→competitive adj.有竞争性的→competitor n.竞争者
9.host vt.hoster n.男主持人,hostess n.女主人,11.replace vt.12.charge vt. & vi.n.费用;主管
14.advertise vt. & vi.advertisement n.广告→advertiser n.广告客户
16.bargain vi. n.便宜货
17.deserve vi. & vt.(报答或惩罚);值得
1.compete vi. 比赛;竞争
competition n. 竞争
competitor n. 参赛者
competitive adj. 竞争的;有竞争性的
compete in 参加比赛
compete to do sth. 竞争做某事
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
attend a competition 参加竞赛
[即学即练1](1)Over 1 000 athletes will _______________ the race.将有1 000多名运动员参加赛跑。
(2)The two teams _______________ each other ______ the championship. 这两个队竞争冠军。
(3)Several advertising agencies are ________________ the contract. 几家广告公司在竞争这份合同。
compete
in//competed
against for//competing to get
2.admit vt.&vi. (admitted; admitted) 容许;承认;接纳
admit+n./doing(having done)/that-clause
承认某事/(已经)做了某事
admit sb./sth. to be 承认某人/某物是……
admit sb. to/into...准许某人进入(或加入)……
admit of容许
It is admitted that... 人们公认……
[即学即练2](1)You must ______ the task ____________ difficult.你必须承认这项任务是艰巨的。
(2)He ________________ the bicycle. 他承认偷了自行车。
(3)The ticket will ______ three persons ______ the concert.
这张票可允许三个人参加音乐会。
(4)__________________ the plan is unreasonable.
普遍认为这个计划不合理。
Admit to be//admitted stealing//admit to//It’s admitted that
3.replace vt. 取代;替换;把……放回原处
replace(=take the place of) sb./sth.
取代某人/某物
replace sth. with/by sth. 用……替换……
in place of=in one's place 代替
take one's place=take the place of 代替
[即学即练3](1)_________ the book on the shelf.
把书放回书架上。
(2)I __________ the old tyres ______ new ones.
我用新轮胎替换了旧轮胎。
(3)Can anything __________ a mother's love and care?
有什么东西能代替母亲的爱和关心吗?
Replace//replaced with//replace
4.charge vt. & vi.收费;控诉;充电
n.费用;主管
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 使某人承担……责任;控告
charge sb. money for (doing) sth. 向某人索价
多少钱做什么
charge a battery 给电池充电
free of charge 免费
负责/管理某事
sth. be in (under) one's charge =be in (under) the
charge of sb.
某事由某人负责/掌管
be on charge 在充电
[即学即练4](1)How much do you ____________ mending a pair of shoes?你补一双鞋要多少钱?
(2)Will you be __________________ the company when I am away?我不在的时候你负责公司事务好吗?
(3)The company is _______________________ Tom when the boss is away.
老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。
charge
for//in
charge
of//in
the
charge
of
(4)My MP3 can't be used now, for it is ______________.
我的MP3现在不能用,正在充电。
(5)He __________________ murder.
他被指控犯谋杀罪。
being
charged//was
charged
with
5.bargain vi. 议价;讨价还价;谈判 n. 成交的商品;廉价货
make a bargain with sb. 与某人达成协议
bargain with sb. about sth. 与某人协商某事
strike a bargain with sb. 与某人成交
It's a bargin. 这可是便宜货。
a bargain price (=a low price) 廉价
[即学即练5](1)These shoes are ____________________ at such a low price.
这些鞋子价格这样低,真是便宜货。
(2)He ________________________ his wife,“You do the shopping and I will cook.”
他和妻子达成协议:“你去买东西,我做饭。”
(3)We ____________ her ______ the price. 我们跟她议价。
a
real
bargain//made
a
bargain
with//bargained with about
6.deserve vi.&vt. 应受(报答或惩罚);值得
deserve sth. 应该得到;值得
deserve to do sth. 值得做某事
deserve well/ill of 应受到……之优(虐)待
[即学即练6](1)Guilin deserves _________________.
=Guilin deserves ________________________.
桂林值得一游。
(2)He ___________________________ his country.
他应得到国家的优待。
a
visit//to
be
visited//deserves
well
of
提示:(1)deserve 不用于进行时态。
(2)deserved adj. 应得的。如:deserved punishment/reward/praise 应得的惩罚报酬/赞美。
(3)deserving adj. 有功的,值得的。如:be deserving of smypathy 值得同情。
7.stand for代表;象征;倡导,支持;容忍,接受
[即学即练7]写出下列stand for的意思。
(1)Pine trees stand for courage and strength._________
(2)We stand for fair competition in the Olympic Games._____________
(3)No one can stand for the way he speaks to his mother.___________
代表,象征//倡导,支持//容忍
1. allow/permit/let/admit
(1)allow强调“默许”。用法:allow sb. to do/allow doing sth.。
(2)permit有时可与allow通用,不过它的语气更强,也更正式,可表示“明文规定允许或不允许”,其用法为:permit sb. doing/permit sb. to do sth.。
(3)let与上面两个可以通用,不过更口语化,而且用法不同,其用法为:let sb. do sth.。
(4)admit其实只是表示“允许进入,接收(入学,入会等)”,其用法为:admit sb. to...,这里to是介词。除此之外,admit还可以解释为“承认”。
[应用1] (1)The policeman _________ him to park here.
(2)We can’t stand by and ________ such a thing.
(3)Women were only _________ into the club last year.
(4)_________ me have a look ,will you?
Permitted//allow//admitted//Let
2. join/join in/join sb. in (doing) sth./take part in/attend
(1)join“参加”,指加入党派、社会团体、军队等并成为其中一员。
(2)join in表示“参加某种活动”,in可为介词,也可为副词。
(3)join sb. in(doing) sth.表示“参加某人所从事的活动”。
(4)take part in指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起作用。take an active part in积极参与。
(5)attend是正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、典礼;听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。
[应用2](1)How many countries and areas________________ the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing?
有多少国家和地区参加了第29届北京奥运会?
(2)Many young girls ______ aerobics classes to keep slim.很多年轻的姑娘为了保持苗条身材而加入有氧健身班。
(3)The meeting was ___________ by 90% of share holders.
90%的股东出席了会议。
(4)I’m sure you’ll all _________________ wishing Ted and Lawra a very happy marriage.
我相信大家会愿意与我一起共祝特德和劳拉喜结良缘。
took
part
in//join//attended//join
me
in
B2U3
1.calculate vt.calculator n.计算器
3.simplify vt.simple adj.简单的
7.solve vt.solution n.解答
11.explore vt. & vi.14.signal vi. & vt. n.信号
16.arise vi.
a danger/warning/distress signal危险/警告/遇难信号
traffic signals交通信号灯
a stop signal停车信号
signal(to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事
signal to sb.向某人示意
signal(sb.) that...示意……
[即学即练3](1)All I get is __________________ whenever I dial his number.
我什么时候拨他的电话听到的都是忙音。
(2)He __________________ for the bill.
他示意服务员结帐。
(3)She __________________ follow her.
她示意他跟她走。
a
busy
signal//signalled
the
waiter//signalled
him
to
5.arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现;发生;起身,起立
(1)“出现,开始,呈现”,多用抽象名词做主语。
(2)表示“起因于,由……产生”,通常用做arise from/put of。
(3)表“起身”之意,为正式或旧式用法。
[即学即练5](1)I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have ________________.
我本来想事情会很容易,但是出现了许多问题。
(2)Accidents _____________________ carelessness.
事故由粗心大意引起。
(3)A heavy mist ______________ the lake.湖面起了浓雾。
(4)He _______________ his seat.他从座位上站起来。
Arisen//arise
from//arose
from//arose
from
6.as a result 结果;因此
as a result of 由于;作为……的结果
result in (=cause)导致;致使
result from (=be caused by) 起因于;因……而引起
[即学即练6](1) Hard work ____________ success.
努力终归成功。
(2) Success _____________ hard work.成功来自于努力工作。
(3)He was ill. ____________________, he didn't go to school.他生病了。因此,他没去上学。
(4)___________________________ his illness, he didn't go to school.由于生病,他没去上学。
results
in//results
from//As
a
result//As
a
result
of
7.in a way在某种程度上
all the way 一路上;一直;完全
by way of 经由;途经
by the way 顺便说
in the way 妨碍,挡路
in this way 以这种方法
in no way 决不,无论如何都不
on the way 在途中
on one’s way to... 在某人去……的途中;
即将成为……
give way (to) 让步,屈服
[即学即练7](1)You are quite right __________________.从某一方面来讲,你完全正确。
(2)It’s surprising that so many people should go abroad _________________ Hong Kong.
竟然有这么多的人途经香港去国外,真让人吃惊。
(3)__________________ can we miss the chance that someone will be sent abroad for further education.
我们决不能错过这个被派往国外深造的机会。
in
a
way//by
way
of//In
no
way
(4)Our employer will not ______________________ our demands for higher wages.
我们的雇主不会对我们增加工资的要求让步。
(5)Don’t stand ____________.不要妨碍别人。
give
way
to//in
the
way
8.deal with处理;安排;对付
[即学即练8]写出下列deal with的意思。
(1)There are too many difficulties for us to deal with.
____________
(2)He has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations._______________
(3)Deal with a man as he deals with you.___________
(4)This is a book dealing with Asian problems.______________________
处理//应付//对付//关于;论及
(5)They have learned to deal with various persons.__________
比较:deal with, do with
(1)deal with意思是“处理,谈论,对付”以及“与……做买卖”,表示处理时,常与连接副词how连用。
I don’t know how to deal with him.
我不知道如何对付他。
(2)do with意思是“对待,处理,利用,与……有关”,表示“对待”时宾语是人,相当于treat;表示“处理,利用”时,常与连接代词what连用。
I don’t know how they deal with the problem.
=I don’t know what they do with the problem.
我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。
与……往来/相处
9.watch over 看守;监视
watch for sth. 盼望或等待某事物
watch out 小心;留神;注意(用于提醒、警示)
watch out for sb./sth. 警惕或注意某人/物
keep (a) watch on 监视
on the watch for 看守着……,监视着……
[即学即练9](1)They __________________ by three policemen.他们由三个警察看守着。
(2)She ____________ her chance to speak.她等机会发言。
(3)____________! There is a car coming.注意!有车来了。
(4)_________________ the pickpockets!当心有扒手!
were watched over//watched for//Watch out//Watch out for
2. arise/arouse/rise/raise
(1)arise 是不及物动词,在现代英语中主要用于借喻,指“出现,发生,产生”。
(2)arouse 是及物动词,指“唤醒,激起”,后常跟抽象名词。
(3)rise是不及物动词,使用范围较广,指“升起,上升,增长”,也可指“起立,起床,地位升高”等。
(4)raise 是及物动词,用在句中,后面需跟宾语。一般指“升起,举起,增加(程度、价格等);提高(音量);提出;种植(农作物);养育;抚育(子女)”。
[应用2] (1)The river is ______ after the rain.
(2)He ______ his hand in the hope of being asked.
(3)His strange behaviour _________ our suspicions.
(4)New problems ______ every day.
Rising//raised//aroused//arise
提示:
原形 过去式 过去分词 v.ing
arise(vi.) arose arisen arising
arouse(vt.) aroused aroused arousing
rise(vi.) rose risen rising
raise(vt.) raised raised raising
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