Irregular plural nouns 不规则名词复数Singular Plural Chinese
analysis analyses 分析
appendix appendices, appendixes 补充
bacterium bacteria 细菌
basis bases 基础
buffalo buffalos, buffaloes 水牛
bureau bureaus 局
calf calves 小牛犊
child children 孩子
crisis crises 危机
criterion criteria 标准
curriculum curricula 课程
data, datum, data 数据
deer deer 鹿
diagnosis diagnoses 诊断
echo echoes 回音
ellipsis ellipses 省略
emphasis emphases 强调
fireman firemen 消防员
fish fish 鱼
focus focuses 专注
foot feet 脚
formula formulas 方程式
goose geese 鹅
half halves 一半
hero heroes 英雄
index indices, indexes 索引
knife knives 小刀
leaf leaves 叶子
life lives 生活
loaf loaves 一堆(事),一条(面包)
louse lice 虱子
man men 男人
means means 方式,手段
medium media 媒介
mosquito mosquitoes 蚊子
mouse mice 老鼠
oasis oases 绿洲
ox oxen 牛(总称)
person people 人
phenomenon phenomena 现象
potato potatoes 土豆,马铃薯
scarf scarfs,
scarves 围巾
self selves 自己
series series 系列
sheep sheep 绵羊
shelf shelves 托架,架子
scissors scissors 剪刀
species species 物种,种类
that those 那
thesis theses 论文
thief thieves 贼
this these 这
tomato tomatoes 西红柿,番茄
tooth teeth 牙齿,
torpedo torpedoes 水雷
vita vitae 简历(美)
watch watches 表,手表
wife wives 妻子
wolf wolves 狼
woman women 女人
zero zeros, zeroes 零
Words (单词) Countable (可数) Uncountable(不可数)
表单复数
Many 许多 O X 复
Much许多 X O 单
Some一些 O O 单、复
Few有几个 O X 复
A few有一些 O X 复
Little少许 X O 单
A little有一点 X O 单
A lot of 许多 O O 单、复
a bit of一点 X O 单
Several 几个 O X 复
A (large) number of许多 O X 复
The number of 。。。数量 O X 复
A great deal of许多 X O 单
Plenty of许多 O X 单
Large quantities of大量 O O 单、复
All (of) O O 复
Most (of) O O 单、复
The rest (of) O O 单、复
50% of
O O 单、复
1/3 of O O 单、复
形容词不规则变化列表原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)well(健康的)
better
best
many(多数的) much(多量的)
more
most
old(老的)
Older elder
oldest
eldest
far(远的)
farther further
farthest
furthest
little(少量的)
less
least
late(迟的)
later
latter
latest
last
bad(坏的) ill(生病的)
worse
worst
不规则动词分类记(Irregular Verb Forms)
TType 4:
A
B
B
型
动词原形 过去时 过去分词
动词原形 过去时 过去分词
bet bet bet
lay laid laid
broadcast broadcast broadcast
lead led led
burst burst burst
leave left left
cast cast cast
lend lent lent
cost cost cost
lose lost lost
cut cut cut
make made made
hit hit hit
mean meant meant
hurt hurt hurt
meet met met
knit(针织) knit knit
Type 5:
A
B
C
型
let let let
arise arose arisen
put put put
bear bore born
quit(放弃) quit quit
bear(承受) bore borne
set set set
begin began begun
Type 2:
A
A
B
型
bite bit bit /bitten
动词原形 过去时 mean
blow blew blown
beat beat beaten
break broke broken
forbid(禁止) forbid/forbade forbidden
choose chose chosen
Type 3:
A
B
A
型
do did done
become became become
draw drew drawn
come came come
drink drank drunk
run ran run
drive drove driven
Type 4:
A
B
B
型
eat ate eaten
动词原形 过去时 过去分词
fall fell fallen
pay paid paid
fell(砍倒) felled felled
rent(租用) rented rented
fly flew flown
say said said
forget forgot forgot /forgotten
sell sold sold
forsake forsook forsaken
send sent sent
give gave given
hine (照耀) shone shone
go went gone
Shine (擦亮) shined shined
grow grew grown
shoot shot shot
hide hid hid /hidden
sit sat sat
know knew known
sleep slept slept
lie() lay lain
spend spent spent
lie(说谎) lied lied
stand stood stood
ride rode ridden
teach taught taught
ring rang rung
tell told told
rise rose risen
think thought thought
see saw seen
understand understood understood
shake shook shaken
win won won
show showed shown /showed
wind (转动) wound wound
sing sang sung
ound (负伤) wounded wounded
sink sank sunk
bring brought brought
speak spoke spoken
build built built
steal stole stolen
buy bought bought
strive strove striven
catch caught caught
swear swore sworn
dig dug dug
swim swam swum
feed fed fed
take took taken
feel felt felt
tear tore torn
fight fought fought
throw threw thrown
find found found
wear wore worn
found(建立) founded founded
weave wove woven
flee fled fled
write wrote written
get got got
情态动词、系动词类
hang (悬挂) hung hung
动词原形 过去时 过去分词
hang (吊死) hanged hanged
can could could
have had had
will would would
hear heard heard
may might might
hold held held
be am/is was been
keep kept kept
are were
人称代词,物主代词,反身代词一览表
人称 数 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
主格 I we you you he she it they
宾格 me us you you him her it them
物主 my our your your his her its their
mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs
反身 my- self our- selves your- self your- selves him- self her- self it- self them- selves
十大词性在英语句子中充当的成分可参照下表:
可充当成分
词
性 句
子
成
分
主 谓 宾 定 状 补 表
1.名词(nouns) √ — √ √ √ √ √
2.代词(pronouns) √ — √ √ — — √
3.动词 (verbs) — √ — — — — —
4.形容词 (adjectives) — — — √ √ √ √
5.副词(adverbs) — — — — √ — —
6.数词(numerals) √ — √ √ — — √
7.连词(linking words) — — — — — — —
8.介词(prepositions) — — — — — — —
9.冠词(articles) — — — √ — — —
10.感叹词(exclamation) — — — — — — —
非谓语 动词 动词不定式(the infinitive) √ — √ √ √ √ √
动词-ing式 (现在分词、动名词)(present participle, gerunds) √ — √ √ √ √ √
过去分词(the past participle) √ — √ √ √ √ √
简单句五种基本句型:
序号 句
子
结
构 例
句
1 主语+谓语 (可以有副词修饰) I smile (happily).
2 主语+谓语+宾语 I study English (well).
3 主语+连系动词+表语 I am 16/a tall boy/in Class 5.
4 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 Marry bought me a story book.
5 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 They all call me Tom.
其他 There be 结构 There is (stands/lies/ exists) a temple on the hill.
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