2017届高考英语一轮复习课件： Unit4（新人教版必修3）

　　温馨提示： 句型（3）中的相应各问指 长、宽、高、深、重、大小等形容词的相应名词。 如：long—length，wide—width，high—height，deep—depth，weighty—weight，large—size.例如： I，ll pay back twice the amount what I borrow from you.我将还给你我所借你钱的两倍。

　　◆即学即练 A.将下列句子译成英语。 (1)地球大概是月亮的四十九倍。 ___________________________________  (2)线段A是线段B的两倍。 ___________________________________

　　答案： （1）The earth is about 49 times bigger than the moon. The earth is about 49 times as big as the moon. The earth is about 49 times the size of the moon. （2）Line A is twice as long as Line B. Line A is twice the length of Line B. ◆词语拓展 as far as远达，远至 as long as长达(还有 “只要”的意思) as many as多达 as tall as高达 as deep as深达 as heavy as重达 as/so far as I，m concerned就我而言 as/so far as I know据我所知 ◆即学即练 B.选用上述词组完成句子。 （1）John is the tallest boy in the class,_____________ five foot eight according to himself. （2）After supper she would sit down by the fire，sometimes for _____________an hour，thinking of her young and happy days. （3）—How far apart do they live? —_____________，they live in the same neighbourhood. （4）_____________I know the money is safe，I shall not worry about it. （5）_____________，you can do whatever you like. 答案：B.(1)as tall as

　　(2)as long as

　　(3)As far as I know(4)As long as

　　(5)As far as I，m concerned 5.I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship.(P30) 我高兴起来，由于失重，我在太空船舱里飘来飘去。 注意下列句中cheer的意思。 （1）The good news cheered the family.（使高兴，欢呼,为……喝彩） （2）See you tomorrow，then cheers.（〈口语〉谢谢，干杯，再见） ◆短语归纳 cheer up

　　高兴起来，振奋起来 cheer sb. up (使）充满欢喜、希望、鼓舞 （1）Let，s go to the playground and cheer for our players. 咱们去操场为我们的队员加油吧。 （2）Cheer up! Our troubles will soon be over! 振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去的。 写作步步高 如何写好名词性从句(2) 名词性从句中有一个问题需特别注意:it做形式主语，it做形式宾语。 it做形式主语的常用句型: It is+形容词+that... It is+过去分词+that...如： It matters/doesn，t matter + that/whether... 例：It（形式主语） is（系动词） necessary（表语）

　　that you inform him of the date of the meeting at once（真主语（从句））. It（形式主语）was said（谓语）

　　that he used to be manager of a big company（真主语（从句））. It（形式主语） matters a lot（谓语）

　　whether you can raise enough money for the project（真主语（从句））. it做形式宾语的句型: 主语+谓语+it(形式宾语)+形容词/名词（宾语补足语）+从句(真宾语) 例:We（主语） consider（谓语）

　　it（形式宾语） a great honour（宾补（名词））

　　to hold the 2008 Olympic Games（真宾语）. They（主语）

　　found（谓语）

　　it（形式宾语）

　　difficult（宾补（形））

　　to communicate with the local people（真宾语）. ◆活学活用 一、将下列句子译成英语，然后分析每个句子的结构。 1.很明显，他在撒谎。 

　　2.据报道，我们队夺得了金牌。  3.真奇怪，她竟然这么粗鲁。  4.我们规定每天练习一个小时的英语口语。 二、用 that，whether/if，what (ever), who (ever)，whom (ever)，whose，which (ever)，when，why，how，where填空。

　　Everyone knew

　　1

　　Andy was a famous writer，but no one knew

　　2

　　she came from and

　　3

　　she was

　　born in 1961 was still a mystery.

　　4

　　they did know was

　　5

　　she was loved by poor people because she always helped

　　6

　　was in need of money. Andy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was chasing fame. Andy said she didn，t understand

　　7

　　they were so narrow-minded，but it didn，t matter

　　8

　　others would thought of her. She just wanted to do

　　9

　　she thought was right. I think that is

　　10

　　the meaning of life lies. 答案：一、 1. It （主） was （系）

　　clear/obvious （表） that he was lying to us （主语从句 ）.  2. It （主）

　　was reported （谓）that our team had won the gold medal （主语从句） .  3. It （主） was （系）

　　strange （表） that she should have been so rude （主语从句） . 4. We （主） made （谓）

　　it （形式宾语）a rule （宾语补足语） that we should practise oral English （真宾语从句） for an hour every day. (that 不做成分)  二、 1.that2.where3.whether4.What5.that

　　6.whoever7.why8.what 9.whatever 10.where 祝 您 高考总复习·人教版·英语 Unit 4

　　Astronomy : the science of

　　the stars

　　必修 3 考点要求 Ⅰ.写出下列必考单词 1.大气层n.

　　_____________ 2.乘，增加v.

　　_____________ 3．人造卫星n.

　　_____________ 4.不同，不像prep.

　　_____________ 5.气候n.

　　_____________ 6.地心引力；重力n.

　　_____________ 7.理论n.

　　_____________ 8.碰撞，坠落v.

　　_____________ 9.宇宙飞船n.

　　_____________ 10.拉力，拖，牵引力n.＆v.

　　_____________ atmosphere multiply satellite unlike climate gravity theory crash spaceship pull 11.基本的，基础的adj.

　　_____________ 12.链子，锁链n.

　　_____________ 13.天文学n.

　　_____________ 14.原子n.

　　_____________ fundamental chain astronomy atom

　　Ⅱ.写出下列单词的变化形式 1.系统(n.)_____________；系统的(adj.) _____________ 2.球体，地球(n.)_____________；全球性的(adj.) _____________ 3.猛烈的(adj.)_____________；暴力(n.) _____________；猛烈地(adv.)_____________ 4.生存(v.)_____________；生存(n.) _____________ 5.物理学家(n.)_____________；物理(n.) _____________；身体的(adj.)_____________ physical system systematic globe global violent violence violently exist existence physicist physics 6.生物学(n.)_____________；生物学家(n.) _____________ 7.宗教（n.）_____________；宗教的（adj.）_____________ 8.原子（n.）_____________；原子的（adj.）_____________ biology biologist religion religious atom atomic ◆活学活用 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The treatment they gave him did him more___________ than good，though the doctor insisted it was ___________. (harm) 2.Air _____________everywhere and its ____________ makes it possible for us to live on. (exist)  3.He is very _____________.For example，the lifting device he made is a _____________ of ropes and pulleys. (system) 4.A _______tour means traveling all around the ________ . (globe) 5.The use of _____________against the attackers led to more __________ clashes. (violently) 6.She was a _____________woman who wouldn，t hurt an ant. (gently) 答案：1.harm； harmless 2.exists；existence 3.systematic，system 4.global；globe 5.violence；violent 6.gentle Ⅲ.翻译下列必背短语 1.及时，终于

　　_______________ 2.下蛋

　　_______________ 3.高兴,振奋

　　_______________ 4.产生，分娩

　　_______________ 5.轮到某人

　　_______________ 6.爆发

　　_______________ 7.阻止

　　_______________ 8.既然

　　_______________ 9.以……为起点

　　_______________ 10.四面八方

　　_______________ in time lay eggs cheer up give birth to in one，s turn break out prevent...from now that begin with in all direction 11.冷却

　　_______________ 12.掌握……的技巧/诀窍

　　_______________ 13.在表面

　　__________________ 14.密切注视，当心

　　_______________ cool down get the hang of on one，s/the surface

　　watch out ◆活学活用 根据括号中的解释，用适当的短语完成句子。 1.We got to Washington _____________(sufficiently early so as not to be late) for the cherry blossoms. 2.He _____________(filled with gladness，hope) at the thought of seeing his girl friend again. 3.When you _____________ this new machine，it will help you a lot. (know the skill of) 4._____________!(be on one，s guard; keep looking out for possible trouble) There，s a car coming! 5.SARS _____________ in 2002 and quite a few people died of it. (happen suddenly) 6.Marx，s ideas _____________(produce young) communism. 7.Your prompt action _____________(stop or hinder sb./sth.) a serious accident. 答案：1.in time2.cheered up3.get the hang of 4.Watch out5.broke out6.gave birth to7.prevente multiply

　　exist

　　prevent

　　puzzle

　　block

　　crash

　　cheer float

　　exhaust

　　watch Ⅳ.单元重点动词 ◆活学活用 用上述动词的适当形式填空。 1._____________very fast，rabbits soon became the largest family of all the animals in this woods. 2._____________ at the _____________ result，he stood there，not knowing what to do. 3.There is no need _____________ yourself clearing up—we，ll do it ourselves. 4.Does life _____________ on other planets? 5.Many roads _____________after today，s heavy snow，so you，d better not go out. 6.It was reported that a plane _____________ soon after it took off，causing 10 deaths. 答案：1.Multiplying 2.Puzzled；puzzling3.to exhaust 4.exist

　　5.are blocked

　　6.crashed Ⅴ.重点句型 1.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.(P26) 水会对于生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。 It is/was obvious that...“很明显……” 剖析：It

　　is

　　adj.that...在本句中，it 是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。it做形式主语时，后面的真正主语可以由不定式，动名词或从句充当。如： It is easier to break down friendship than to build up friendship. 破坏友谊比建立友谊要容易。

　　It was amazing that the child could speak English so well. 那个孩子的英语说得如此好真是令人惊异。

　　◆活学活用 模仿造句。 (1)很明显，我们在这里是非常受欢迎的。 _____________ that we are very welcome here. (2)你现在不方便见我的经理。 __________________________________  (3)对着洒了的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。 __________________________________  答案：（1）It is obvious （2）It，s not convenient for you to see my manager now. （3）It，s no use crying over spilt milk. 2．This made it possible for life to begin to develop.（P26） 这就使得生命开始进化成为可能。 it作形式宾语的句型是：主语＋动词＋it＋形容词/名词＋不定式/从句或动名词。 ◆活学活用 模仿造句。 （1） 这使我难以控制自己。 This made _____________ to control myself. （2） 他认为去前线是他的责任。 ____________________________________  (3)我们规定，课内外都讲英语。 ____________________________________

　　答案：（1）it hard （2）He considered it his duty to go to the front. （3）We made it a rule to speak English in and out of class. Ⅵ.语篇领悟 根据课文How Life began on the Earth完成下列短文

　　At the very beginning，the earth was just a cloud of

　　(1)

　　(energy) dust. Then the dust combined

　　(2)

　　a ball moving around the sun. After that，it exploded loudly with fire and rock，

　　(3)

　　(produce) water vapour，carbon dioxide and other gases，

　　(4)

　　in the end made the earth，s atmosphere. Then the earth

　　(5)

　　down，and water，one of the earth，s special

　　(6)

　　，appeared and stayed on the earth，which made

　　(7)

　　possible for life to begin

　　(8)

　　(develop). Some small plants

　　(9)

　　(grow) in the water appeared on the earth，s surface，

　　(10)

　　(follow) by land animals,

　　(11)

　　insects，amphibians，reptiles and the 

　　(12)

　　 important animals called dinosaurs until finally dinosaurs disappeared

　　(13)

　　of a sudden and some small clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all

　　(14)

　　the earth and in place of dinosaurs they became

　　(15)

　　most important animals on the planet—that is，human beings. 答案：1.energetic 2.into 3.producing4.which5.cooled 6.qualities7.it

　　8.to develop9.growing 10.followed

　　11.including/like12.most13.all 14.over15.the

　　Ⅶ.考点活用 用本单元所学词组、句型翻译下列短文

　　火星上有生命吗？不知道。 我们能登陆火星吗？这完全取决于科学技术的发展。人类对火星有了一些了解：火星上没有氧气，火星上中午的温度可能在50度左右,而晚上则在零下100度左右了。这样我们就不能在那里生活。 既然火星与地球完全不同，如果我们计划有朝一日去火星的话，我们就要带上氧气，食品，衣服和住的地方（shelter）。但可以肯定，人类迟早会登陆火星的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Is there life on Mars？We don，t know. Can we land on Mars？It all depends on the development of science and technology. Man has known a little about Mars. There is almost no oxygen on Mars. It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night，which prevents us from living there. Now that Mars are quite different from our earth，if we are to go to Mars one day，we should have to take along our own oxygen，food，clothing and shelter. But it is certain that man will land on Mars in time. 自主学习 1.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.(P25) 地球猛烈爆炸起火，并喷涌出岩石。 ◆词语辨析 loud；loudly；aloud （1）loud可用作形容词、副词，表“大声地”，与sing，speak，talk，cry，laugh连用。 （2）loudly 副词，大声地，暗含“喧闹地”意思，与explode，shout连用。  （3）aloud 副词。意为“出声地”，与read，think连用。如：read aloud(朗读)，think aloud(自言自语) ◆即学即练 用loud；loudly；aloud填空。 （1）Sing _____________，please. （2）The bomb exploded _____________ near the hotel. （3）The kids playing on the playground often laugh

　　____________ and long. 答案：（1）louder

　　(2)loudly

　　(3)loud 2.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen，which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.(P26) 他们繁殖起来就使得早期的海洋充满了氧气，这为早期的贝类及其各种鱼类的发育进一步创造了条件。 ◆词语归纳 encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做，怂恿某人做 urge sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做，怂恿某人做 urge sb.into doing sth.鼓励某人做，怂恿某人做 ◆即学即练 (1）父亲总是鼓励我学好英语。 _____________________________________  （2）老师鼓励我报名参加演讲比赛。 _____________________________________  答案：（1）Father always encouraged me to learn English well. （2）My teacher urged me to enter for the speaking/ speech competition. 3.Before we left，Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey... (P30) 在启程以前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变。 注意下列句中force的意思。 （1）We forced the door open and arrested the two murderers.（强迫,强行） （2）The force of gravity is really mysterious.（力量） （3）When he was only seventeen，he joined the forces to defend his country.(军队) （4）As most men suffered from this strange disease，the majority of the labour forces in this village were women and children.(劳动力) ◆词语归纳 force open强行打开 by force依靠武力 force sb.to do sth.迫使……做 come into force（法律）实施 force sb.into doing sth.迫使……做 in force大批的 force one，s way 强行前进或进入 force sth.on sb.把……强加于…… ◆即学即练 选用上述词组完成下列小片段。

　　It was reported that two peasant workers(1)_____

　　_______(被迫)work 14 hours a day but with little money. One of them couldn，t stand it and one of them(2) ___ __________(强行前进或进入)the boss，s house and killed him. The other(3)_____________（强迫）a bank clerk(4)_____________（hand）in the money. 答案：(1)were forced to

　　(2)forced his way into

　　(3)forced

　　(4)into handing 4....I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(P31) 我发现我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍。as far as后省了I was carried,表示“（在飞船上）步子的跨度是在地球上的两倍。” ◆句型归纳 表达倍数的句型最常用的有三个： （1）A+动词+倍数+比较级+than B

　　 A比B 长/宽/高/重……倍。 （2）A+动词+倍数+as+原级+as B

　　 A是B的……倍。 （3）A+动词+倍数+the+相应名词+of B A是B的……倍。 高考总复习·人教版·英语