2017届高三英语一轮复习课件（安徽用）M8_Unit 22　Environmental Protection

　　① 介词by常用来表示变化的幅度及大小差距等， 在句中作状语。

　　After a heavy rain, the water in the river has risen by 30cm. 大雨过后， 河里的水涨了30厘米。 ②insist在此意为“坚持说”， 宾语从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。

　　当insist意为“坚持要求”时， 宾语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。 汉译英。 1. 他坚持说他没有偷钱包。 He insisted that he didn't steal the wallet.

　　2. 他坚持要求我们早点出发。 He insisted that we should set out early.

　　14、Given this data, it_seems_that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.(P6)

　　鉴于这些数据，人类活动和全球温度升高的联系不仅仅是一个偶然。

　　It seems that…为固定句型用来比较婉转地陈述意见、看法、主张或得出结论。 汉译英。 1. 似乎没人能胜任这个职位。

　　It seems that no one will be fit for the position.

　　2. 看来我们必须得请医生了。

　　It seems that we have to send for a doctor.

　　()(2007·上海卷)With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.

　　A. discovered B. have discovered

　　C. had been discovered D. have been discovered

　　D　in the last / past ＋ 一段时间，句中常用现在完成时。

　　The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.(P10) Part1 M8.Unit22 Unit22　Environmental Protection Module8 1、refer to 查阅；提到，涉及；提交 She referred to the subject several times during her speech.

　　在演讲中她好几次提到这个话题。 英汉互译。 1. 这件事已经结束了， 所以别再提了。 This matter is finished, so please do not refer to it.

　　2. 关于这个问题， 请参阅我们的调查数据。 As to this matter, please refer to the data of our survey.

　　3. These notes refer to the case of a teenage murderer.

　　这些记录是有关一桩青少年谋杀案的。 4. Please refer to our catalogue for details of all our products.

　　对于本公司所有产品的详细情况请查阅商品目录。 2、given prep. 考虑到，鉴于 ① given sth. Given the circumstances, you've coped well.

　　考虑到各种情况，你已经算是处理得很好的了。

　　② given that­clause

　　Given that he can get another chance, he will surely succeed.

　　如果他能再得到一次机会的话，他肯定会成功的。

　　汉译英。 1. 由于她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。

　　Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.

　　2. 考虑到没有多少时间， 我认为他们算是做得不错。 Given that there was so little time, I think they've done a good job.

　　3、sacrifice vt. 用……作祭品；牺牲；献出 ① sacrifice sth. for sb./sth.

　　He did not hesitate to sacrifice his all for protecting his motherland.

　　他为保卫祖国不惜牺牲自己的一切。 ② sacrifice sth. to do sth. He sacrificed his life to save the child from the fire.

　　他为了从火中救出孩子而牺牲了自己的生命。 ③ n. [C] 祭品；[C]& [U]牺牲 They offered a pig as a sacrifice.

　　他们提供了一头猪当祭品。 made a sacrifice/sacrifices

　　I would never dream of asking you to make such a sacrifice.

　　我从来没有想过让你作这样的牺牲。 汉译英。 1. 她必须牺牲自己， 别无选择。 She must sacrifice herself; there was no other way.

　　2. 父母经常为他们的孩子做一些牺牲。 Parents often make some sacrifices for their children.

　　3. 不管怎么样， 牺牲没有白费。 The sacrifice had, at any rate, not been in vain.

　　4、take action 采取行动 I felt it was time for me to take action.

　　我认为该是我采取行动的时候了。

　　① come/go into action 开始战斗；开始行动 ② in action 在运转中；在活动中；在战斗中 用action的有关词组填空。 1. We watched the machine in action.

　　2. They got permission to take action in self­defence.

　　3. Are you ready? We will go into action at midnight.

　　apart from, besides, but与except ① apart from既可以表示“除……是个例外”， 还可表示“包括……在其中”的意思；也就是说， 它既可以代替besides也可以代替except。

　　No one has passed the difficult exam, apart from the new student.

　　＝No one has passed the difficult exam except the new student. 除了新来的那个学生外， 没有人通过这次艰难的考试。 5、 ② besides作介词用时意思是“除了……之外还有”。

　　The boy works hard at his lesson besides being intelligent. 那男孩除了脑子聪明以外， 学习也很用功。 ③ but作介词用时的意思是“除了……之外”， 相当于except, 但它前面一般是不定代词。 He never told me anything but his work.

　　除了工作， 他不和我说任何事情。 ④ except作介词时的意思是“除了……外”。

　　We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday. 我们除了星期六和星期天不上学外， 其他的日子都上学。 完成句子。 1.除了足球， 我还喜欢打篮球和排球。

　　Besides football, I like playing basketball and volleyball.

　　2.这辆汽车，除了添麻烦什么用处也没有。 This car's been nothing but trouble.

　　3.我们班除了汤姆之外， 其他人都通过了期末考试。

　　Everyone in our class has passed the final exam except Tom.

　　occasion,

　　circumstance, situation与scene ① occasion多作可数名词， 意为“特殊的大事， 特殊的场合， 特殊的时刻；时机， 机会等”。

　　A wedding is a big family occasion.

　　婚礼是家庭中的一件大事。 6、 ②circumstance意为“情况， 环境”，常与介词in, under搭配。

　　She did the job well in the circumstances.

　　在那种情况下，她干得很出色。 ③situation意为“形势， 局面”，常与介词in搭配。

　　The company is in a poor financial situation.

　　该公司经济状况艰难。 ④scene意为“(事故或事情的)发生地点”， on the scene 意为“在现场”。 用occasion, circumstance, situation与scene填空。 1.Under no circumstances are you to leave the house.

　　2.He's in a difficult situation and doesn't know what to do.

　　3.Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.

　　4.He turned his back on the occasion of seeing the film.

　　7、arm ① n. 手臂；手臂状的东西；武器(均用复数形式)；狭长地带 I saw him walking with a girl on his arm.

　　我看见他手臂上挽着一位姑娘走着。 He turned and walked down the arm of the hall.

　　他转身沿着从大厅通往房间的过道走去。 His armed forces are equipped mostly with American arms. 他的武装部队大部分配备有美国武器装备。 ② vt. 武装 He said both sides are arming themselves.

　　他说双方都在武装自己。 猜猜下列句子中黑体部分的意思。 (

　　C )1. The boys ran down the road arm in arm. ( A )2. The country kept 50, 000 men under arms at all times.

　　( D )3. The majority of their soldiers simply laid down their arms. ( B )4. The people were quick to take up arms to defend their freedom.

　　A.在备战状态　

　　B. 拿起武器， 准备战斗　 C. 手挽手地　

　　D. 放下武器， 投降 8、turn on

　　①袭击， 攻击

　　His normally placid dog turned on him and bit him in the leg. 他那条狗平日很温顺， 这次突然攻击他，咬了他的腿。 ②打开， 拧开

　　He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the program.

　　他忘了打开收音机， 因此错过了那个节目。 汉译英。 1. 你们为什么都突然冲我来了(批评或责备我)? Why are you all turning on me (criticizing/blaming me)? 2. 墙上有一开电灯的开关。 There is a switch on the wall for turning on the lights.

　　9、construct vt.

　　① 建造， 修建 This factory was constructed by our company.

　　这家工厂是由我们公司建造的。 ② 编写， 构思

　　It is quite a long elaborate play, and is constructed rather like a Greek play.

　　它是一部相当精美的长剧， 构思很像希腊剧。 ① construction n. 建造， 建设(不可数名词)；建筑物；(句子、短语等的)结构

　　under construction (正在)修建

　　The new skyscraper is still under/being construction.

　　新的摩天大楼还在建造中。 ② constructor n. 建筑者；建造者 ③ constructive adj. 建设性的 汉译英。 1. 修建一座大桥大约需要两年的时间。

　　It takes about two years to construct a large bridge.

　　2. 这是个构思很巧妙的故事。

　　It is a cleverly constructed story. 10、flee (fled, fled) ① vt. 逃离 flee the village ② vi. 逃离(某地)；迅速消散， 消失 Many German artists fled to America at the beginning of World War Ⅱ. 第二次世界大战初期， 很多德国艺术家逃到了美国。 Mists fled before the rising sun. 日出雾散。 汉译英。 1. 我们被迫逃离这个国家。

　　We were forced to flee the country.

　　2. 当我们的人到达时， 敌人已逃离村子了。

　　The enemies had fled the village when our men arrived.

　　3. 惊恐万分的人们逃离了火灾现场。

　　The frightened people fled from the fire. considerate与considerable ①considerate考虑周到的， 体贴的，常与of/to/towards连用。

　　It was considerate of you to bring me so much food and clothes.

　　你考虑得真周到， 给我带这么多吃的和穿的。 11、

　　We young generation should be considerate towards the happiness of the old.

　　我们年青一代应该考虑到老人们的幸福。 ② considerable 值得考虑的， 重要的， 可观的， 相当的， 该词往往作定语。

　　There was a considerable growth of education in China in the 1990s. 在20世纪90年代， 中国的教育有了相当大的发展。 用considerate, considerable填空。 1. I have given considerable thought to the matter.

　　2. It is considerate of you to let us know you were going to be late.

　　3. Mr. Smith was a considerable figure in local politics.

　　4. He is no more considerate of others than his brother is.

　　5. The losses are considerable.

　　12、with的复合结构

　　with复合结构的构成形式是：with＋宾语(由名词或代词充当)＋宾语补足语(由现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当)。 用法详见语法部分考点8非谓语动词 ① with＋n./pron. ＋adv.

　　② with＋n./pron. ＋prep. phrase ③ with＋n./pron. ＋adj.

　　④ with＋n./pron. ＋to do ⑤ with＋n./pron. ＋doing(表伴随) ⑥ with＋n./pron. ＋done 用with 的复合结构完成句子。 1. The child likes to sleep with the window open (开着窗).

　　2. With the old man leading the road (由于有这位老人带路), we had no trouble in finding the place.

　　3. All the afternoon he worked with the door locked (锁着门).

　　4. The woman with a baby in her arms (抱着孩子) is my aunt from Shanghai.

　　5. With the temperature falling down (要是体温降下来),

　　the patient can take the medicine.

　　13、Over the last 100 years, the global average temperature has increased by 1℉ and many experts insist that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human activities.(P3) 在过去的100年里，全球的平均温度增加了1华氏度，许多专家坚持认为，在很大程度上，人类的活动要对全球变暖负责。

　　in/over the last/past…years, 意为“在过去的……年中”， 在句中作时间状语， 主句通常会用现在完成时。