在一篇短文中,如果句子结构要么是“主谓宾”,要么是“主系表”,则显得很单调,读起来乏味。若对简单句进行一下转换,使其主语灵活,句子结构活泼,则给人的感觉就大不一样。 简单句之间的转换有下面三种方法: 一、转换句子结构 [例] 李东住在南方。他的家乡经常下雨。 一般: Li Dong lives in the south.It often rains in his hometown. 较好: Li Dong is from the south.There is a lot of rain in his hometown. [分析] “一般表达”中的两个句子均是“主谓”结构,比较单调。把它们分别转换为“主系表”结构和there be句型后,句子就显得比较活泼。 [例] 你每天帮我学英语。你太好了! 一般: You help me study English every day. You are very kind.
较好: It's very kind of you to help me learn English every day.
较好: How kind of you to help me learn English every day!
[分析] “一般表达”句子之间的关系松散,转换为it作形式主语或感叹句后句子读起来很流畅。 二、转换句型
写作中常用于转换的三个重点句型: 1.there be句型 there be句型也是简单句中的一种常用句型,在作文中经常使用。在there be句型中,有时there be还可以换用there seems/seemed to be(似乎有),there happened to be(碰巧有),there may/might be(也许有),there must be(肯定有),there can't be(不可能有),there ought to/should be(应该有)等。 我家有五口人。 There are five people in my family. 操场上碰巧有很多人。 There happened to be a lot of people on the playground. 2.感叹句 感叹句是作文中很有用的一种句型,常见的感叹句有两种: [句型1] What+(冠词)+形容词+名词+主谓结构+感叹号 [句型2] How+形容词或副词+主谓结构+感叹号 What an interesting film (it is)! =How interesting a film (it is)! 3.强调句型 强调句型也是作文中常用的一种句型,强调句型的结构是: It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+原句其他部分。 I met my friend in the street yesterday.
→It was I who/that met my friend in the street yesterday. (强调主语)
→It was my friend that I met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)
→It was in the street that I met my friend yesterday. (强调地点状语) →It was yesterday that I met my friend in the street. (强调时间状语)
注意:强调时间和地点时,不能用when或where,要用that。 三、转换词语
[例] 杰克是我们学校的学生。他学习特别努力。 一般: Jack studies in our school. He studies very hard. 较好: Jack studies in our school. He works hard at his lessons. [分析] “一般表达”中的谓语重复使用study,显得呆板。词语转换后,句子就“活”起来了,读起来有滋有味。 [例] 妈妈匆匆忙忙去上班,连早餐都没吃。 一般:Mother went to work in a hurry. She didn't have breakfast.
较好:Mother went to work in a hurry without having breakfast.
[分析] “一般表达”中的两个简单句之间关系松散,使用介词短语进行转换后使句子内部结构紧凑,读起来一气呵成。 * *
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