2017届高三英语一轮复习课时作业49：语法专练九之情态动词和虚拟语气

　　高考真题

　　1．(2011·全国Ⅰ)They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

　　A. will

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. should

　　[解析]句意：他们本应该午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机晚点了。can 用在疑问句和否定句中，意为：可能；must have done 表示推测，意为：一定做过；should have done 表示(过去)本应该做而没做。根据句意可知答案为D项。

　　[答案]D

　　2．(2011·全国Ⅱ)If you ________ smoke, please go outside.

　　A. can

　　B. should

　　C. must

　　D. may

　　[解析]句意：如果你非要抽烟，请到外面去。must 用于条件句，表示“非要，偏要”。其他三项均不符合语境。

　　[答案]C

　　3．(2011·天津)I ________ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.

　　A. had come

　　B. was coming

　　C. would come

　　D. would have come

　　[解析]句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，否则，我就会早点来了。根据 but 后面内容可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，其主句谓语动词形式：would/should/could/might have done。故答案为D项。

　　[答案]D

　　4．(2011·江西)It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.

　　A. mustn't

　　B. can't

　　C. won't

　　D. needn't

　　[解析]句意：门外不可能是邮递员。现在才六点。A：不可以，禁止；B：不可能；C：不愿意；D：不必。根据句意可知答案为B项。

　　[答案]B

　　5．(2011·陕西)I ________ through that bitter period without your generous help.

　　A. couldn't have gone

　　B. didn't go

　　C. wouldn't go

　　D. hadn't gone

　　[解析]句意：如果没有你的慷慨相助的话，我不可能熬过那段艰苦的日子。本题考查虚拟语气。without your generous help 相当于含蓄条件句If it hadn't been your generous help，此处表示与过去事实相反，所以主句部分采用 couldn't have done 结构，表示“本不可能”，故选择A项。

　　[答案]A

　　6．(2011·陕西)—Will you read me a story, Mummy?

　　—OK. You ________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

　　A. might

　　B. must

　　C. could

　　D. shall

　　[解析]句意：——妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？——好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。shall 在此处表示“允诺”，故选择D项。

　　[答案]D

　　7．(2011·北京)—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?

　　—Don't worry. He ________ come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.

　　A. must not

　　B. need not

　　C. would not

　　D. might not

　　[解析]句意：——我真的不喜欢 James。为什么你邀请他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他还不能确定他的计划是什么。must not 表示禁止；need not 表示不必；would not 表示不会；might not 表示可能不。根据句意答案为D项。

　　[答案]D

　　8．(2011·北京)—Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.

　　—I wish they ________ always late.

　　A. weren't

　　B. hadn't been

　　C. wouldn't be

　　D. wouldn't have been

　　[解析]句意：——孩子们都到哪里去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。——我希望他们不要总是迟到。本题考查虚拟语气。wish 后跟 that 从句，从句部分采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去时相反的用过去完成时。本题表示与现在事实相反，所以用一般过去时，故正确答案为A项。

　　[答案]A

　　9．(2011·北京)Maybe if I ________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.

　　A. studied

　　B. would study

　　C. had studied

　　D. was studying

　　[解析]句意：也许如果当时我学习的是理科而不是文科的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据 then 一词可以确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故 if 引导的从句部分用 had done，故选C。

　　[答案]C

　　10．(2011·福建)—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

　　—I am afraid you ________， in case he comes late for the meeting.

　　A. will

　　B. must

　　C. may

　　D. can

　　[解析]句意：——我该马上通知他日程改了吗？——我想你必须(通知他)，以免他开会迟到。must 必须；will 愿意，将要；may 可以；can 能够。根据句意可知，正确答案为B项。

　　[答案]B

　　11．(2011·福建)—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.

　　—I ________ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.

　　A. attended

　　B. had attended

　　C. would attend

　　D. would have attended

　　[解析]句意：——很可惜你错过了这次有关核污染的演讲。——我本来要参加，但(那时)忙于准备工作面试。本题考查虚拟语气。根据 but 后面的内容可知，设空处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以正确答案为D项。

　　[答案]D

　　12．(2011·浙江)—How's your new babysitter?

　　—We ________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.

　　A. should

　　B. might

　　C. mustn't

　　D. couldn't

　　[解析]句意：——你家的新保姆怎么样？——我们再不可能找到比这个更好的保姆了。所有的孩子都非常喜欢她。should 应当；might 也许；mustn't 禁止，不允许；couldn't 不可能。couldn't ask for a better one 意为“找不到更好的”，也就是“是最好的”，符合句意。

　　[答案]D

　　13．(2011·江苏)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

　　—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ________ it.

　　A. will have stolen

　　B. might have stolen

　　C. should have stolen

　　D. must have stolen

　　[解析]句意：——我把手提包落在火车上了，不过，幸运的是，有人把它交给了乘警。——把包拿回来是多么不可思议啊！我的意思是，有人可能偷了你的包。本题考查情态动词的用法。will have stolen 为将来完成时，而此事已经过去，故被排除。might have stolen 可能已经偷了，符合语境，故答案为B项。should have stolen 表示本应该偷而事实上却没有；must have stolen 表示肯定偷了，均不符合句意。

　　[答案]B

　　14．(2011·湖南)—No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.

　　—Oh, you are really his big fan.

　　A. can

　　B. need

　　C. must

　　D. might

　　[解析]句意：——在打篮球方面没有人能够和姚明相比。——哦，你真是他的超级粉丝。根据语境可知空格处应填 can，表示“可以，能够”，故选A项。

　　[答案]A

　　15．(2011·辽宁)If you ________ go, at least wait until the storm is over.

　　A. can

　　B. may

　　C. must

　　D. will

　　[解析]句意：如果你偏要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。If you must do sth. 为固定用法，意为：如果你偏要做某事。can 用于肯定句表示理论上的可能或表示能力；may 可以，可能；will 愿意。

　　[答案]C

　　16．(2011·重庆)—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?

　　—I wanted to, but my mum simply ________ not let me out so late at night.

　　A. could

　　B. might

　　C. would

　　D. should

　　[解析]句意：——为什么你昨天晚上没来参加西蒙的聚会？——我想来参加的，但我妈妈根本不愿让我那么晚出来。would 表示“愿意”；A：能力或可能；B：可能；D：应该。

　　[答案]C

　　17．(2011·四川)The police still haven't found the lost child, but they're doing all they ________.

　　A. can

　　B. may

　　C. must

　　D. should

　　[解析]句意：警察还没有找到那个失踪的小孩，但是他们在做自己能做的一切。从语境看，这里用 do all they can 表示“做他们能够做的一切”，用 can 表示“可以，能够”。

　　[答案]A

　　18．(2011·上海)I ________ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.

　　A. can't

　　B. mustn't

　　C. daren't

　　D. needn't

　　[解析]句意：我不必担心我的周末——我总是在周末来临之前就计划好了。根据下文可知D项“没有必要”符合语境。A：不能，不可能；B：禁止；C：不敢。

　　[答案]D

　　19．(2010·全国Ⅰ)Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon.

　　A. can't

　　B. needn't

　　C. may not

　　D. will not

　　[解析]句意：耐心点。你不能指望这个世界变得如此之快。这里用 can't 表示“不能，不可以，不可能”。needn't 没有必要；may not 可能不；will not 将不，都不符合句意。

　　[答案]A

　　20．(2010·山东)I ________ have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.

　　A. shouldn't

　　B. needn't

　　C. couldn't

　　D. mustn't

　　[解析]句意：我本不应该去看那部电影——它会使我做噩梦的。shouldn't have done 本不该做，但是做了；needn't have done 本没必要做，但是做了；couldn't have done 不可能做了某事。无 mustn't have done 结构。根据题干所提供信息应选A项。

　　[答案]A

　　21．(2010·天津)Mark ________ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.

　　A. needn't

　　B. wouldn't

　　C. mustn't

　　D. couldn't

　　[解析]句意：Mark 本不必那么匆忙。他极速行驶，最后早到了半个小时。needn't have done 表示过去不必要做的事情却做了。couldn't have done 表示过去不可能做了(某事)；wouldn't have done 用在表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中；mustn't 表禁止，不用在此结构中。

　　[答案]A

　　22．(2010·天津)—John went to the hospital alone.

　　—If he ________ me about it, I would have gone with him.

　　A. should tell

　　B. tells

　　C. told

　　D. had told

　　[解析]句意：——约翰自己去医院了。——要是他(事先)告诉我，我就跟他去了。本题考查虚拟语气的 if 条件句的时态。根据第一句谓语动词 went，可知第二句的主从句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故 if 从句谓语动词要用 had told。

　　[答案]D

　　23．(2010·上海)—Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

　　—Oh, you ________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

　　A. must

　　B. mustn't

　　C. should

　　D. shouldn't

　　[解析]句意：——对不起，史密斯教授，昨天我没有完成作业。——哦，你本应该完成的，因为昨天是最后的期限。四个选项中B项不能与 have done 连用，故排除； must have done 意为“肯定做了……”，表推测，说明说话人对所推测的事情把握较大，如：It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet now.昨天夜里肯定下雨了，因为地面现在是湿的。should have done 本应该做……(实际上没做……)；shouldn't have done 本不应该做……(实际上做了……)。由语境可知C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　24．(2010·北京)—Good morning, I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.

　　—Ah, good morning. You ________ be Mrs Peters.

　　A. might

　　B. must

　　C. would

　　D. can

　　[解析]句意：——早上好，我和人事部的 Smith 小姐有约。——啊呀，早上好。那您一定是 Peters 女士。本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。根据题干可以判断说话人对所推断的情况很肯定，故选择B项。

　　[答案]B

　　25．(2010·北京)—The weather has been very hot and dry.

　　—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ________.

　　A. wouldn't die

　　B. didn't die

　　C. hadn't died

　　D. wouldn't have died

　　[解析]句意：——现在天气变得又热又干。——是啊。如果当初下一点雨，现在情况也会好很多！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。本题考查虚拟语气。题干中 If 引导的从句为过去完成时，是对过去事情的虚拟，主句却是 would do，对现在事实的虚拟，此为干扰部分，考生须分析清楚句意，空格处表示蔬菜都死了，是过去的事实，在对过去的事实进行虚拟，故选择D项。

　　[答案]D

　　26．(2010·江苏)—I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month.

　　—Don't worry. You ________ have it by Friday.

　　A. could

　　B. shall

　　C. must

　　D. may

　　[解析]句意：——我至今还没有拿到参考书，但是下个月这个学科就要测试了。——别担心。周五之前你一定会有的。本题考查情态动词。shall 用于第二人称表示允诺、要求、命令、威胁等语气，根据句意可知此处表示允诺的语气，故答案为B。could 能，能够；must 必须；may 也许，均不符合语境，可排除。

　　[答案]B

　　27．(2010·陕西)If we ________ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

　　A. take

　　B. had taken

　　C. took

　　D. have taken

　　[解析]句意：如果我们走另一条路，我们可能早就按时到会了。本题考查的是虚拟语气。根据句意及后边主句谓语 might have arrived 可知 if 从句表示与过去事实相反，故 if 从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。

　　[答案]B

　　28．(2010·陕西)—May I take this book out of the reading room?

　　—No, you ________. You read it in here.

　　A. mightn't

　　B. won't

　　C. needn't

　　D. mustn't

　　[解析]句意：——我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗？——不行，绝对不可以。你(只能)在这里阅读。mightn't 可能不；will 表意愿或决心；needn't 不必；mustn't 用于说话者不让某人做某事，语气强烈：绝对不可以。例如：You mustn't leave the gate open.你不要敞着大门。

　　[答案]D

　　29．(2010·江西)I have told you the truth. ________ I keep repeating it?

　　A. Must

　　B. Can

　　C. May

　　D. Will

　　[解析]句意：我已经告诉你实情了。非要我一遍遍重复吗？must 表示对方的行为使说话人不满或懊恼，意为“偏要”。can，may 用在句首表请求或疑问。

　　[答案]A

　　30．(2010·福建)Teachers recommend parents ________ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.

　　A. not allow

　　B. do not allow

　　C. mustn't allow

　　D. couldn't allow

　　[解析]句意：为了安全起见，老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。本题考查虚拟语气用法。recommend，suggest，insist，order，request，advise 等表“建议、命令、要求”等意思的动词，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。

　　[答案]A

　　31．(2010·浙江)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ________.

　　A. would have been saved

　　B. had been saved

　　C. will be saved

　　D. was saved

　　[解析]句意：如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节约大量的时间和精力。本题考查虚拟语气。如果表示与过去事实相反的话，条件句采用过去完成时态(如果省略 if 可采用部分倒装结构)，主句谓语动词应采用“would＋have＋过去分词”的结构，故答案为A项。

　　[答案]A

　　32．(2010·浙江)“You ________ have a wrong number.”she said. “There's no one of that name here.”

　　A. need

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. would

　　[解析]句意：“你肯定打错电话了。”她说，“这儿没有叫那个名字的人。”此处情态动词表推测，由语境可知说话人对推测的事情把握较大，所以用 must (肯定，一定)。

　　[答案]C

　　33．(2010·安徽)Jack described his father, who ________ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong­willed man.

　　A. would be

　　B. would have been

　　C. must be

　　D. must have been

　　[解析]句意：杰克的父亲很多年前一定非常勇敢，因此杰克说他的父亲是一个意志坚定的人。本题考查情态动词表推测语气。由句中的 many years ago 可知是对过去的推测，故排除A、C；而B项表示可能性很小，故被排除。

　　[答案]D

　　34．(2010·辽宁)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it ________ be regular exercise.

　　A. can

　　B. will

　　C. must

　　D. may

　　[解析]句意：医生说锻炼对健康很重要，但那必须是经常性的锻炼。A：可能；B：将会；C：必须；D：可能。

　　[答案]C

　　35．(2010·湖南)You ________ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.

　　A. must

　　B. mustn't

　　C. have to

　　D. don't have to

　　[解析]句意：你不必买礼物了，但是如果你愿意的话也可以买。根据句意可知此处须用否定形式，故排除A、C项；mustn't 表示禁止；don't have to 意为“不必……”。故答案为D项。

　　[答案]D

　　36．(2010·湖南)If he ________ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

　　A. followed

　　B. should follow

　　C. had followed

　　D. would follow

　　[解析]句意：如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。本题考查虚拟语气。因为 if 条件句表示与过去事实相反，故采用过去完成时。

　　[答案]C

　　37．(2009·上海)It ________ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.

　　A. may

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. should

　　[解析]句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这里的，因为只有他有车。此句用 must 表示肯定的推测。must have done 表示“(过去)一定做了某事”。may，can 和 should 也可用来表示推测。may 表示“可能，也许”，推测语气不肯定。can 一般用于否定句和疑问句中表示推测。should 表示“按理应该……”。

　　[答案]C

　　38．(2009·北京)One of the few things you ________ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.

　　A. need

　　B. must

　　C. should

　　D. can

　　[解析]句意：对于英国人你可以确定的为数不多的事情之一就是他们对天气谈论得很多。can 意为“可以”。need 意为“需要”，用作情态动词时常用于否定句、疑问句；must 意为“必须”；should“应该”。

　　[答案]D

　　39．(2009·福建)But for the help of my English teacher, I ________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.

　　A. would not win

　　B. would not have won

　　C. would win

　　D. would have won

　　[解析]句意：要不是我的英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语写作比赛中获得第一名。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。根据句意，可知主句应该使用否定式，而本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B项。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气主句的谓语用：would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词。

　　[答案]B

　　40．(2009·浙江)The doctor recommended that you ________ swim after eating a large meal.

　　A. wouldn't

　　B. couldn't

　　C. needn't

　　D. shouldn't

　　[解析]句意：医生建议大量饮食后不要去游泳。recommend 后的宾语从句谓语动词应该用“(should＋)do”。表示“命令、建议、请求、要求”的动词后加宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词需用“(should＋)动词原形”。

　　[答案]D

　　模拟精选

　　1．(2017·海门市诊断)John agreed to the suggestion that his students ________ two weeks to prepare for the exam.

　　A．give

　　B．should give

　　C．be given

　　D．would be given

　　[解析]suggestion, advice 等后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。should do 或 should be done, 其中 should 可以省略，his students 与 give 之间为被动关系，故C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　2．(2017·许昌期末)You ________ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.

　　A. can't

　　B. should

　　C. must

　　D. needn't

　　[解析]本题考查情态动词的特殊用法。句意：你一定要特别注意你的阅读技巧，因为它是如此重要。can't...too... 为固定句式，意为“再……也不为过；一定要……”，故A项正确。

　　[答案]A

　　3．(2017·济宁质检)________ everyone have a great Spring Festival!

　　A. Can

　　B. Must

　　C. May

　　D. Should

　　[解析]本题考查情态动词的特殊用法。句意：愿大家春节快乐！情态动词 may 可以表祝愿，用于倒装句中，故C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　4．(2017·黑龙江哈九中上学期期末)Naturally, when I tell her what to do, my daughter ________ go and do the opposite!

　　A. may

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. should

　　[解析]此处主要考查情态动词 must 的特殊意思“非要，非得，偏要，偏偏”，表示与说话人愿望相反。句意：通常，我告诉女儿做什么时，女儿非得做相反的事。

　　[答案]C

　　5．(2017·北京丰台第一学期期末)—May I smoke here?

　　—If you ________， choose a seat in the smoking section.

　　A. should

　　B. could

　　C. must

　　D. may

　　[解析]句意：—我可以在这儿吸烟吗？—如果你一定要吸的话，请在吸烟区选个座位。由语境可知，此处考查 must 表示“非得，偏要”这种语气的用法。

　　[答案]C

　　6．(2017·海门市诊断)—Can I pay the bill by check?

　　—Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash.

　　A．shall

　　B．need

　　C．will

　　D．can

　　[解析]shall 与第二、三人称连用，表示命令，警告，允诺等语气。

　　[答案]A

　　7．(2011·巢湖一检)Whenever we met, Lily ________ greet me first though I was younger than her.

　　A. must

　　B. would

　　C. should

　　D. could

　　[解析]句意：不管我什么时候遇见莉莉，虽然我比她年轻，她总是先向我打招呼。由语境可知，此处用 would 表示“过去常常”，指过去动作的重复，B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　8．(2011·辽宁沈阳第四次阶段测试)—Mum, I am sorry, but I failed in the English exam.

　　—So you ________ get the MP4 you want. I am sorry, too.

　　A. shall not

　　B. might not

　　C. needn't

　　D. shouldn't

　　[解析]根据所学知识可知 shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等。由此可知此题的答案应该选择A。

　　[答案]A

　　9．(2011·吉林东北第三次摸底)According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of school without the permission of the teachers.

　　A. will

　　B. must

　　C. may

　　D. shall

　　[解析]主要测试 shall 的特殊用法：shall 用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，一般用于第三人称。

　　[答案]D

　　10．(2011·徐州一检)—What time ________ I pick you up at your house tomorrow, sir?

　　—I haven't decided on the time. But I will call you.

　　A. may

　　B. can

　　C. will

　　D. shall

　　[解析]句意：—先生，我明天什么时候到你家来接你？—我还没有决定时间。但我会给你打电话。情态动词 shall 用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表示请求或征求对方意见，此处为征求对方意见。

　　[答案]D

　　11．(2011·吉安期末质评)I can't imagine there ________ be a shortage of water in Yunnan, the southwest of China where there used to be adequate rain.

　　A. could

　　B. must

　　C. might

　　D. should

　　[解析]句意：我想像不出曾经雨水充沛的中国西南部的云南竟然缺水。should 可以表示一种语气，意为“竟然”，符合语境。

　　[答案]D

　　12．(2011·锦州期末)—How's your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

　　—It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

　　A. will

　　B. should

　　C. would

　　D. must

　　[解析]句意：—你的环北湖之旅怎么样？那儿美吗？—它应该很美，但现在已严重污染了。should，“按常理该，应该”，符合语境。

　　[答案]B

　　13．(2011·浙江台州四校联考)On some British streets, there ________ be as many as five different garbage cans—that's confusing!

　　A．can

　　B．have to

　　C．must

　　D．shall

　　[解析]can 表示推测，意为“可能会”。

　　[答案]A

　　14．(2011·日照期末)—Margaret ________ stay at home all day long in front of the computer.

　　—That's right. She should go to the fitness center with us.

　　A. doesn't have to

　　B. couldn't

　　C. oughtn't to

　　D. may not

　　[解析]句意：—Margaret 不应该整天待在家里坐在电脑前。—对。她应该跟我们到健身中心来。doesn't have to“不必”，相当于 needn't；couldn't“不能够，不可能”；oughtn't to“不应该”，相当于 shouldn't；may not“或许不”；由语境可知C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　15．(2011·山东莱芜复习诊断)Hurry up! They ________ for us at the crossing.

　　A. must wait

　　B. must have waited

　　C. must be waiting

　　D. may wait

　　[解析]本题考查情态动词表推测。句意：快点！他们肯定在十字路口等我们。must 用于肯定的推测，意为“肯定会”；must be doing 强调某个动作现在肯定正在进行，符合语境。

　　[答案]C

　　16．(2011·山东青岛测试)Jackie, you ________ hang all your clothes in the room like this!

　　A．wouldn't

　　B．needn't

　　C．mustn't

　　D．oughtn't

　　[解析]mustn't 表示禁止，意为“千万不要”。

　　[答案]C

　　17．(2011·杭州一检)Holiday shopping ________ be a tiring experience. There are so many places to visit and choices to make.

　　A. can

　　B. may

　　C. shall

　　D. will

　　[解析]句意：假期购物可能是一段累人的经历。有许多地方要看，许多选择要做。can“可能”，语气较肯定；may“或许”，语气较弱；由语境可知，A项正确。

　　[答案]A

　　18．(2011·焦作期末调研)—Listen ! There is a knock on the door. Who ________ it be?

　　—It must be Jack. Just now I sent for him.

　　A. shall

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. might

　　[解析]句意：听！有敲门声。会是谁呢？—肯定是杰克。刚才我派人去请他了。can 表推测时，往往用于疑问句和否定句；must 表推测时，只用于肯定的陈述句；might“或许”，语气较弱；由语境可知，B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　19．(2011·济宁质检)Hiking trips ________ sound exciting to most kids, but few realize they ________ be uncomfortable and even dangerous.

　　A. may; can

　　B. must; should

　　C. would; should

　　D. can; will

　　[解析]句意：远足旅行对大多数孩子来说或许听起来很令人兴奋，但很少有孩子意识到这些旅行可能会不舒服，甚至是危险的。由语境可知，两个空都表推测，指客观上的可能性，故A项正确。can“可能”；may“或许”，可能性较 can 弱。

　　[答案]A

　　20．(2011·海口六校三联)—Where will you start your work after graduation?

　　—Mmm, it's not been decided yet. I ________ continue my study for a higher degree.

　　A. need

　　B. must

　　C. would

　　D. might

　　[解析]句意：—你毕业后到哪里开始工作？—还没决定呢。我可能会继续我的学业，拿一个高一点的学位。need“需要”，作情态动词用时只用于否定和疑问句中；must 表示肯定的推测；would“会；过去常常”；might“或许”；由前置语境 it's not decided yet 可知，应选 might。

　　[答案]D

　　21．(2011·济南质检)Sally looks very happy. She ________ have got the first place in the 200­metre race.

　　A. should

　　B. could

　　C. must

　　D. might

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。句意：Sally 看上去很高兴。她200米赛跑肯定得第一名了。should have done，“本应该干而事实上没干”；could have done 有两层含义：一表示过去可能干过；二表示过去本能够干某事(而事实上没干)；must have done“过去肯定干过”；might have done 亦有两层含义：一表示过去或许干过；二表示过去本可以干某事(而事实上没干)；由语境可知C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　22．(2011·温州十校期末联考)—Show me your permit, please.

　　—Oh, it's not in my pocket. It ________.

　　A. might fall out

　　B. could fall out

　　C. should have fallen out

　　D. must have fallen out

　　[解析]句意：—请出示许可证。—噢，不在我口袋里。肯定是掉出来了。由语境可知，fall out 动作应发生在过去，因为现在许可证不在口袋里，故应用“情态动词＋have done”，排除A、B两项；should have done“本应该干某事(而事实上没干)”，不符合句意；故正确答案为D项，指“过去肯定干过”。

　　[答案]D

　　23．(2011·江苏无锡高三期末)—Tom hasn't turned up yet. He might have got lost.

　　—No, he ________. His car has got a GPS.

　　A. must not have got lost

　　B. wouldn't have got lost

　　C. can't have got lost

　　D. shouldn't have got lost

　　[解析]本题考查 “情态动词＋have done”。句意：—汤姆还没到这。他可能迷路了。—不，他不可能迷路。因为他的车上装有GPS定位系统。must 表推测时只用于肯定的陈述句，故A项予以排除；wouldn't have done“不会……”，只用于虚拟语气；can't have done“过去不可能干过”；shouldn't have done“本不应该干某事而事实上已经干了”；由句意可知C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　24．(2011·山东济宁第一轮复习质量验收)—Where is Bob? I cannot find him anywhere.

　　—He ________ have been off long. I heard him make a call just now.

　　A. shouldn't

　　B. can't

　　C. mustn't

　　D. needn't

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。句意：—鲍勃哪里去了？我到处找不到他。—他不可能离开久了。我刚才还听见他打电话了。shouldn't have done“本不应该干某事(而事实上已干了)”；can't have done“不可能干过”；must 表推测不能用于否定句，故C项错误；needn't have done“本没有必要干某事(而事实上已干了)”；由语境可知B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　25．(2011·山东聊城第一学期期末)He ________ a big fortune, but he was too lazy to seize the opportunity.

　　A. can have made

　　B. could have made

　　C. must have made

　　D. ought have made

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。can have done“过去可能干过”，一般不用于肯定的陈述句。could have done 意义有二：一表示“过去可能干过”；二表示“过去本能够干某事而事实上没干”；must have done“过去肯定干过”；D项表述错误，应为 ought to have done表示“本应该干某事而事实上没干”；由句意“他本来能够挣大钱，但他太懒没抓住机会”可知B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　26．(2011·淄博第一学期期末检测)—Do you still remember the day when we went to the Great Wall?

　　—I can't remember it well, but ________ it have been sometime last year?

　　A. would

　　B. must

　　C. could

　　D. should

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。句意：—你还记得我们去长城的那一天吗？—我记不太清了，是不是去年的某个时候？由语境可知，这是对过去某个时间的推测，并且用于疑问句，故只能选 could。

　　[答案]C

　　27．(2011·安徽名校联考)What a pity! Considering his intelligence and diligence, he ________ a higher grade.

　　A. can have achieved

　　B. must have achieved

　　C. need have achieved

　　D. might have achieved

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。can have done“过去可能干过”，一般不用于肯定的陈述句；must have done，“过去肯定干过”；might have done 意义有两层：一表示“过去可能干过某事”；二表示“过去本可能干某事而事实上没干”；由句意“真遗憾！鉴于他的智力和努力，他本来能够获得一个更高一点的分数”可知D项正确。

　　[答案]D

　　28．(2011·黑龙江哈九上学期期末)—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.

　　—Perhaps, you ________ it in the wrong place.

　　A. must have put

　　B. should have put

　　C. can have put

　　D. might have put

　　[解析]本题考查情态动词。must have done 表示对过去行为的推测，具有较大的可能性，意为“一定……；想必……”；should have done 表示应该做的事情没有做；can have done 表示过去可能做过。might have done 常用于推测过去的行为，表示“可能已经”；还可以表示过去应该做而没有做的事。由句意：“—我的词典呢？我记得我昨天放这儿了。—或许你放错了地方”可知D项正确。

　　[答案]D

　　29．(2011·三明三校联考)—Sorry, the tickets have already been sold out.

　　—Really? Maybe I ________ a little earlier.

　　A. should come

　　B. should have come

　　C. could have come

　　D. must have come

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。句意：—抱歉，票早已卖完。—真的吗？或许我该早一点来。由语境可知，come 动作发生在过去，应用“情态动词＋have done”，排除A项；should have done“本应该干某事而事实上没干”，符合语境；could have done“本能够干而实际上没干”；must have done“过去肯定干过”，均不合语境。

　　[答案]B

　　30．(2011·北京重点中学第一次月考)—No wonder you caught a cold. You ________ out last night without a coat.

　　—I know how silly I was.

　　A. shouldn't have gone

　　B. mustn't have gone

　　C. couldn't have gone

　　D. mightn't have gone

　　[解析]本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。A项意为“本不应该干某事而事实上已干了”；B项表述错误，must 表推测时只用于肯定的陈述句；C项意为“过去不可能干过”；D项意为“过去或许没干”；句意：—难怪你感冒了。你昨天晚上不应该没穿外套就出去。—我知道我有多愚蠢。故可知A项正确。

　　[答案]A

　　31．(2011·安徽仿真卷)You ________ not get my support if you do such a thing.

　　A．must

　　B．may

　　C．shall

　　D．need

　　[解析]shall 与第二人称连用，表示警告，允许等语气。

　　[答案]C

　　32．(2011·蚌埠二中期中考试)—I just want to know. Please tell me, how much do you make an hour?

　　—If you ________ know, I make $20 an hour.

　　A．will

　　B．shall

　　C．must

　　D．need

　　[解析]must 表示“偏要，一定要”。

　　[答案]C

　　33．(2011·镇江第一学期期末调研)—What do you think of the American singer Lady Gaga's performance?

　　—Too crazy, but if she ________ come to China to hold concerts, I would buy tickets for her live show.

　　A. would

　　B. could

　　C. should

　　D. might

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：—你认为美国歌手 Lady Gaga 的表演怎么样？—太疯狂了，但是如果她能到中国来举行演唱会的话，我会买票看她现场演出。由语境可知，此处是 if 引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与将来事实相反，从句用 should do/过去式/were to do，主句用 would/could/should/might do，故C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　34．(2011·厦门期末质检)Without Sir Tim, the father of the WWW, keeping up with the latest ________ so convenient.

　　A. would be

　　B. wouldn't be

　　C. would have been

　　D. wouldn't have been

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：若没有万维网之父 Tim 先生，跟得上最新信息就不会这么方便了。由语境可知，Without Sir Tim 为含蓄条件句，相当于 If there were not Sir Tim，叙述与现在事实相反，故主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋do”，故B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　35．(2011·温州十校期末联考)Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ more careful when driving.

　　A. was

　　B. would be

　　C. had been

　　D. should be

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：瞧瞧我的麻烦！要是我开车时小心点儿就好了！if only“但愿……，要是……就好了”，后接从句，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，叙述与过去事实相反，谓语动词用 had done，故C项正确。

　　[答案]C

　　36．(2011·合肥第一学期第一次月考)He is a poorly learned man, but he acts as though he ________.

　　A. is

　　B. were

　　C. should be

　　D. seems like

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：他学识浅陋，但他表现得好像很有学问的样子。as though/if 后接从句，如果从句表示的情况接近事实，从句用陈述语气；反之，如果从句表示的情况与事实相反或者是不太可能发生，从句用虚拟语气。由语境可知，此处叙述与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be 用were)，故B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　37．(2011·合肥第一学期第一次月考)It is strange that such a thing ________ in your school.

　　A. will happen

　　B. happens

　　C. should happen

　　D. happened

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，这样的事情竟然发生在你们学校。It is strange/surprising/astonishing/natural/necessary... that 句式结构中，从句谓语动词用 should do，should 可以省略。

　　[答案]C

　　38．(2011·金华十校期末)—I find it astonishing that John ________ be so rude to me.

　　—In fact, he is always rude to others.

　　A. should

　　B. must

　　C. might

　　D. ought to

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：—我发现约翰对我这么粗鲁，真令我吃惊。—事实上，他总是对别人很粗鲁。解答本题的关键为 astonishing，其后接从句，从句谓语动词用 should do，故A项正确。

　　[答案]A

　　39．(2011·山东莱芜高三复习诊断)I don't think it is the right time that you ________.

　　A. will go

　　B. went

　　C. go

　　D. must go

　　[解析]本题考查虚拟语气。句意：我认为这不是你去的合适的时间。It's(high/about)time...结构中，从句谓语动词用 should do 或过去式，故B项正确。

　　[答案]B

　　40．(2011·福州期末质检)What's your opinion of Mr Ling's request that we senior students ________ read English newspapers every day?

　　A. would

　　B. should

　　C. must

　　D. could

　　[解析]本