2017届高考英语牛津译林版必修5总复习教案《Unit 2 The Environment（江苏专用）

　　Unit 2　The environment

　　Ⅰ.单词默写

　　. 辩论；争论；讨论

　　recycle vt.& vi. 回收利用

　　. 用泵(或泵样器官等)输送；涌出，涌流

　　泵；抽水机；打气筒

　　海关；关税

　　冲突；抵触 n．冲突；矛盾

　　stration n．管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府

　　.违法的，非法的

　　.电的

　　9．particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的；挑剔的

　　.吸收；理解；使全神贯注

　　n．a strong feeling that sth is true

　　to manage and run a business

　　13．decrease vt.& vi.to become or make sth become smaller in size，number，etc.

　　an official action that is done in order to achieve a particular aim

　　15．appreciate vt.to be grateful for sth that sb has done

　　Ⅱ.词汇拓展

　　生产→product n．产品→productive adj.能产的；多产的→produce v．生产→producer n．生产者；制作者；制片人

　　责任，职责→responsible adj.负责的→.不负责任的

　　n．环境保护论者；环境论者→environmental adj.环境的；与环境有关的→environment n．环境→environmentally adv.环境上；与环境有关地

　　保护；保存→conserve vt.保护(自然资源等)

　　nical adj.技术的→technique n．技术→technician n．技术人员，技师

　　语境助记词不离句，句不离段

　　the measure for a forest reserve, where particularly illegal cutting is prohibited. As far as I'm concerned, we should take the responsibility and conserve our environment.

　　Ⅲ.短语落实

　　自由发言

　　关心；挂念

　　sth

　　允许某人做某事

　　(of) 用完；耗尽

　　恢复原状；还原；复原

　　调查；研究

　　得出结论

　　陷入麻烦

　　尽自己的职责

　　s_case 在这种情况下

　　句子翻译

　　，they think of clouds of dirty smoke or pipes pouring chemical waste into river.(Page 23)

　　一想到工厂，人们就会想到污浊的滚滚浓烟或向河流倾泻化学废物的管道。

　　that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.(Page 23)

　　人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但

　　3．Asking around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher prices for things that are friendly to the environment.(Page 23)

　　我问过周围的人，发现许多人都愿意支付稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。

　　之后我们将展开自由讨论。 (Page 22)

　　5．我今天首先要对你们谈的是化学废物如何破坏世界上的大片区域。(Page 22)

　　_today_about_the_way_vast_areas_of_the_world_are_damaged_by_chemical_waste.

　　Ⅴ.教材设题

　　句型转换(3个单词)

　　，we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat！(教材P22)

　　，we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat!

　　，I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.(教材P23)

　　，I do agree that we should produce more things from recycled_materials，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.

　　(教材P23)

　　4．This is not good news for the people who rely on the Yangtze River for water.(教材P38)

　　5．We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems in regard to the Yangtze River.(教材P38)

　　(steps)/do_many_things to solve all the problems in regard to the Yangtze River.

　　debate vi.& n．辩论，争辩，争论

　　【课本原句】 Today's debate question is “The economy or the environment—must we choose？”(P22)

　　今天辩论的话题是“要经济还是环境——我们必须得做出选择吗？”

　　　就……辩论

　　和某人就某事讨论

　　＋从句

　　考虑，讨论是否……

　　进行讨论

　　开始/终止辩论

　　ebate

　　在讨论中

　　辨析 debate/quarrel/argue/disscuss

　　(1)quarrel是指因为对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”，常用结构为：quarrel with sb ；quarrel 。

　　(2)argue是指一方着重就自己的看法或观点提出论证，并就此同对方“争论”或“争辩”，常用结构为：argue with sb about /over sth。

　　(3)debate多指在公开，正式场合各自陈述理由，内含“交锋”的意思。

　　(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论，磋商。

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　①Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused_heated_debate(引起热烈的讨论)among citizens.(2011·江苏卷·单项填空31)

　　，“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties，but we'll never ______ with criminals.”(2011·湖北卷·单项填空27)

　　egotiate

　　B．quarrel

　　C．argue

　　D．consult

　　答案　A

　　介词填空

　　④The whole question of compensation is still under debate.

　　figure n．数字

　　【课本原句】 The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people！(P22)这个数字现在接近65亿！

　　　认为……

　　想出；理解；计算出

　　弄明白；看透；理解

　　想出……

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　(认为)I would go a little further.(2011·湖南卷·阅读表达)

　　(人物)，their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky.(2011·江苏卷·任务型阅读)

　　翻译句子

　　我认为他喝醉了，不应该让他开车。

　　④她推断他会在星期二离开。

　　shame n．羞愧；惭愧；可耻的事；惋惜的事

　　【课本原句】 It would be a shame if they were destroyed because of people's activities there.(P29)如果它们被人类在公园的活动所毁灭，该是一件多么令人惋惜的事啊。

　　It's a shame that...真遗憾……

　　真可惜！

　　使某人蒙羞

　　使某人感到惭愧的是

　　惭愧地

　　感到羞愧；以……为耻

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　hat's a_shame(一种耻辱)，because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.(2011·重庆卷·阅读理解E)

　　翻译句子

　　真遗憾，你们这么快就走了。

　　so_soon.

　　③他的妻子使他羞愧得只好把钱交回去。

　　effort n．努力

　　【课本原句】 We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protest this much－loved river will be appreciated for years to come by future generation.(P38)我们相信，中国政府和人民为保护这条他们所挚爱的河流而做出的努力将在未来数年内得到后人的肯定和赞赏。

　　do sth 努力做某事

　　不遗余力

　　(to do)

　　尽一切努力(做)

　　费力地，使劲儿地

　　毫不费劲地

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　reduce_the_immediate_effects(降低即时影响)．

　　(2011· 北京卷 · 阅读理解D)

　　(不遗余力) to save the patient.

　　______to deal with the issues you raised at the meeting.

　　(2017·湖南石门一中高三摸底考试)

　　C．is being made

　　D．is given

　　答案　C

　　appreciate vt.赏识，欣赏；感激

　　【课本原句】 We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protest this much－loved river will be appreciated for years to come by future generation.(P38)我们相信，中国政府和人民为保护这条他们所挚爱的河流而做出的努力将在未来数年内得到后人的肯定和赞赏。

　　appreciate sth 　欣赏/赏识/感激某事物

　　感激做某事

　　感激某人做某事

　　如果……我将不胜感激

　　赏识，欣赏；感激

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　(欣赏)Blues.(2011·福建卷·阅读理解B)

　　ate(赏识) adult plays was not disappointed.(2011·上海卷·阅读理解A)

　　(愿被当作) as a second－class citizen.

　　______ very much if you load the files for me.(2017·邵东创新实验学校10月份月考)

　　答案　A

　　cut back on 减少；消减

　　【课本原句】 My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P22)我的建议是我们应该尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买的物品的数量。

　　【联想拓展】

　　抄近路通过

　　切除；剪掉；割断

　　插嘴；让(某人)分享利润

　　中断，停掉；割断，剪掉；阻碍，堵塞

　　消减；砍倒；杀死(某人)

　　切碎；使伤心

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　，many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage” —caused by delays in answering calls，being_cut_off(被中断)in mid­conversation or left waiting for long periods.(2011· 浙江卷 · 阅读理解C)

　　e city cut_down(削减)on the work force that kept the park，and pretty soon it just got too ugly and dirty to enjoy anymore.(2010· 浙江卷 · 阅读理解D)

　　(削减) steel production in recent months.

　　，so the manager has decided to fire some employees to ______ the expenses of his company.

　　(2017·长沙同升湖实验学校高三期中考试)

　　C．cut up

　　D．cut down

　　答案　D

　　run out (of)用完，耗尽

　　【课本原句】 What if they run out？(P25)

　　倘若我们用完了空间，该怎么办呢？

　　【联想拓展】

　　＝ run into　偶然发现；偶然碰到

　　追赶，追求

　　竞选

　　轧过；碾过

　　逃离

　　辨析 run out/run out of/use up

　　(1)run out 意为“用完了”，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。

　　(2)run out of (＝ use up)意为“用完”，为及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般为人。

　　(3)use up 意为“用光，用完”。为及物动词短语，表示主动，主语一般为人。

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　(用光) in 50 years.(2010· 安徽卷 · 阅读理解E73)

　　(竞选) president in the general election.

　　，I realized that I had ______ resumes(简历)．

　　(2011· 安徽卷 · 完形填空)

　　C．run out of

　　D．become tired of

　　答案　C

　　______．I must go to the bank to draw some of savings out before I've none in hand.(2017·江西临川一中11月份月考)

　　C．has been run out

　　D．is being run out

　　答案　B

　　under way 在进行中；在前进中

　　【课本原句】 Tow special government projects are also under way.(P38)两项特别的政府项目也正在进行中。

　　【联想拓展】

　　　在考虑中

　　在建设中

　　在联系中

　　在讨论中

　　在审查中

　　在调查中

　　在修理中

　　在受审中

　　l

　　在控制之中

　　——看看

　　①Most of the meals can serve two people and are under_$10(十美元以下)，so not only is it affordable but practical as well.(2011·湖南卷·阅读理解A)

　　(在讨论中)whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(2011·重庆卷·单项填空22)

　　______ special government project is under ______ way to protect the river.(2017·江苏省海门市高三考试)

　　；/

　　B．The；a

　　C．A；/

　　D．A.the

　　答案　C

　　______．

　　(2017·长沙市一中月考)

　　B．in construction

　　C．on construction

　　D．under construction

　　答案　D

　　lead to 导致；造成；通向

　　【课本原句】 The population of the river has resulted in unsafe drinking water has led to health problems for people living near the river.(P38)河水污染的后果是导致饮用水的不安全，这给生活在长江附近的居民带来各种健康问题。

　　【联想拓展】

　　＝cause sb to do sth

　　导致某人做某事

　　＋引导某人……

　　过着俭朴/艰苦的生活

　　领先

　　带头，领先

　　中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不接动词原形。

　　——满分作文之佳句

　　aUsing the mouse for a long time may lead to painful wrists and fingers.

　　b．Around 540 million people are affected by secondhand smoke, which causes 100，000 deaths per year.

　　d．This results in its not being prepared.

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　(导致) communication failures？(2011·上海卷·阅读理解D)

　　(肌肉)problems that can lead_to(导致)kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure.(2010·湖南卷·阅读理解A)

　　，winding path ______(2011·山东卷·语法和词汇知识27)

　　答案　A

　　______ violence.

　　(2007·浙江卷·单项填空11)

　　C．leads to

　　D．begins with

　　答案　C

　　rely on 依靠，依赖

　　【课本原句】 This is not good news for the people who live in all the towns and cities along the Yangtze River and who rely on it for water.(P38)这对于居住在长江两岸和饮用水需要依赖长江的所有城镇居民来说并不是好消息。

　　依靠某人/某物

　　依靠/指望某人做某事

　　相信/信赖……

　　依靠自己努力/力量

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　，Ceely was relying_on(依靠) her GPS，but it made no mention of the crossing.(2011· 浙江卷 · 阅读理解A)

　　to work with a different person，or don't rely_on(指望) the person.(2011·广东卷·阅读理解B)

　　(不能指望)to tell the truth.

　　______．(2017·长沙地质中学月考)

　　答案　B

　　my suggestion is that... 是一个常用来提出建议的句子，意为“我的建议是……”。

　　【课本原句】 My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P23)我的建议是，我们应当尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量。

　　和动词suggest一样，suggestion后面that从句里需用“(should)＋动词原形”。advice，recommendation，order，request，demand等名词后接表语从句、同位语从句

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to (接受这条建议)．(2011· 湖北卷 · 阅读理解C)

　　(尽快解决这个问题)．

　　ou ______ much meat.(2011·湖南邵东一中10月月考

　　A．wouldn't take

　　B．shall not take

　　C．not have

　　D．won't have

　　答案　C

　　倍数＋what it was...

　　【课本原句】 The world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.(P22)目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多。

　　倍数＋what从句”结构的意思是“是……的……倍”。英语中表达倍数的结构有：

　　(1)倍数＋比较级＋than

　　(2)倍数＋as＋＋as

　　(3)倍数＋the size (length，width，height，depth，etc)

　　(4)倍数＋what从句

　　——看看高考怎么考

　　，among women and men who are using either an anti－anxiety drug or a sedative，women are twice_as(两倍多)likely to become addicted.(2010· 上海卷 · Reading Comprehension Section C)

　　，but it cost ______ his.

　　(2009·江苏卷·单项填空27)

　　C．much as twice as

　　D．as twice much as

　　答案　B

　　，but it is twice ______ expensive.(2009·四川卷·语法和词汇知识19)

　　C．too

　　D．very

　　答案　A

　　______ energy as the whole of Europe.(2017·长沙周南中学月考)

　　twice

　　B．twice much

　　答案　D

　　Ⅰ.短语填空

　　，rise to，in addition，cut back on，take...step，set up，stock up with，under way，the number of，a success

　　2．You must

　　take_ every step to keep down expense (费用)，as we have got limited money.

　　cking_up__with wine and brandy for the New Year party these days.

　　4．The workers are going all out to make the output rise_to three times what it was 5 years ago.

　　5．All the preparations are well under_way．

　　6．The army factory has_been_wiped_out by our bombs so far.

　　7．Students in our school gave their clothes to the poor children in that area，and the_number_of the poor kids there was about 900.

　　ers recently.

　　9．Professor Zhou donates 20，000

　　10．As these new products are not selling well，the members of the board have decided to_cut_down_on production.

　　.同义转换

　　，I'm often seen as being against the environment.

　　，people always regard me as the one who is against the environment.

　　nts，you can use this time to voice them.

　　，you can raise/voice them by using the time left.

　　things we make and buy.

　　→I suggest that we (should)try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.

　　4．The world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.

　　→The world's population now is six times as much as what it was in 1800.

　　5．Asking around，I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.

　　，many people are willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.

　　句子翻译

　　显然，你很关注长江的环境问题。(obvious；be concerned about)

　　Yangtze_River.

　　2．我的建议是环side by side)

　　My_suggestion_is_that_environmentalists_and_economists_(should)_work_side_by_side_to_create_a_society_with_a_healthy_environment_and_stable_economy.

　　3．政府应该制定法律禁止未经处理的生活垃圾和工业垃圾倒入长江。(prohibit... from...；be deposited into)

　　4．难道你不认为我们所提出的是解决问题的最佳可行方案吗？(raise；the best possible solution to

　　Don't_you_think_what_we_have_raised_is_the_best_possible_solution_to_the_problem?

　　5．我个人认为全球气温转暖会对地球造成意想不到的后果。(personally；have an effect on)

　　，I_believe_that_global_warming_will_have_an_unexpected_effect_on_the_earth.

　　单项填空

　　1Don't you think it ______ for us to stop eating fish for fear of being choked by fish bones.

　　A．delicious

　　B．poisonous

　　C．ridiculous

　　D．humorous

　　答案　C[句意：你不认为对我们来说，因为害怕被鱼刺哽住就不吃鱼肉是荒唐可笑的吗？根据句意可知应选C。]

　　______ all the fish.

　　A．turned out

　　B．wiped out

　　C．put out

　　D．set out

　　答案　B　[句意：渔民一直大量地捕鱼，几乎把所有的鱼都消灭了。根据句意应用wipe out，意为“彻底消灭”。]

　　______ in the tea house.

　　A．left

　　B．remained

　　C．delayed

　　D．deserted

　　答案　B　[句意：已经是午夜了，茶馆里只剩下三个年轻人。leave离开；delay耽搁，延误；desert抛弃。由前半句的意思可知茶馆里人不多了，所以用remain，表示“剩下”。]

　　______ for this terrible accident.

　　A．is blamed

　　B．is to blame

　　C．are to blame

　　D．should blame

　　答案　C　[考查主谓一致。rather thanA、B两项；be to blame意为“该受责备”。因此，本题选C。]

　　，and today's temperature has ______ 38 ℃！

　　C．established

　　D．set

　　答案　A　[句意：现在，这个38摄氏度。approach表示“接近，靠近”；raise为及物动词，意为“提高”，强调借助外力。温度应该是38摄氏度，故选A。]

　　I couldn't get through.

　　—Oh，I was ______ for not paying my phone bill.

　　C．cut away

　　D．cut through

　　答案　B　[句意：——你的电话怎么了，我打不通。——噢，我未付话费，被停机了。根据句意可知，应用cut off意为“中断(供给)”。]

　　，27 said it would be ______ to what they were now doing.

　　答案　C　[句意：在接受进修的40个人中，27人说这对他们现在从事的工作有益。be beneficial to表示“对……有利，有帮助”。]

　　______ at Tom's house at present because she is preparing a speech for the party，______

　　A．being held；to be held

　　；held

　　；being held

　　；to be held

　　答案　A　[句意：Linda不可能参加正在Tom家举办的聚会，因为明天Marie家将举办一场聚会，而她正在为那场晚会上的发言做准备。现在分词和动词不定式作定语时，分别表示正在和将要hold和party构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动形式。]

　　，in the hope that she might be ______ to sell him something.

　　答案　B　[句意：他解释说，他要去看Eloise，希望她愿意卖点儿东西给他。be willing to do sth 意为：“愿意/乐意做某事”。]

　　______ about whether women should spend more time staying at home.

　　A．debate

　　B．voice

　　C．responsibility

　　D．inspection

　　答案　A　[句debate意为“辩论”。]

　　Time is ______．

　　C．running up

　　D．running off

　　答案　A　[句意：你做完了吗？快没时间了。run out在此意为“用完，耗尽”。]

　　______ against a wide range of diseases.

　　A．friendly

　　B．efficient

　　C．effective

　　D．obvious

　　答案　C　[句意：青霉素可以通过各种不同的形式服用，治疗一系列的疾病都很有效。effective指“(方法、药物等)有效的”；efficient表示“(人、机器等做事C。friendly意为“友好的”；obvious意为“明显的”。]

　　，and I can ______ her sound from among the general conversations.

　　C．point out

　　D．pick out

　　答案　D　[从众pick out。pick out这里意为“辨别出，认出来”。figure out意为“弄懂，弄清楚”；wipe out指“彻底消灭”；point out表示“指出”。]

　　______ questions which need to be considered by all of us.

　　A．in the effort of

　　B．in the form of

　　Cin the name of

　　D．in addition to

　　答案　B　[set... in the from of questions表示“把……设计成问题的形式”；in the effort of无此搭配；in the name of表示“以……的名义”；in addition to表示除……以外(还)”。]

　　h my homework that I cannot help ______．

　　B．doing the housework

　　C．to do some housework

　　D．doing some housework

　　答案　A　[help (to) do意为“帮忙做某事”；can't help doing意为“情不自禁做某事”。根据题意可知，A项正确。]