2017届高考英语一轮复习课时作业15：Unit 3《Science and nature》（牛津译林版必修5湖南专用）

　　课时作业(十五)　[必修模块5　Unit 3　Science and nature]

　　[限时：30分钟]

　　Ⅰ.语法填空

　　1．What ________ if the earth were to stop turning?

　　A．will happen

　　B．happens

　　C．happened

　　D．would happen

　　2．Computers are very popular now，but years ago no one could have imagined the role in the society that they ________.

　　A．were playing

　　B．were to play

　　C．had played

　　D．played

　　3．Changes made to the construction laws in Sichuan have strengthened the province’s buildings and highways，________ them more resistant ________ quakes.

　　A．making；for

　　B．to make；for

　　C．made；against

　　D．making；to

　　4．I don’t want to buy the dictionary，________， it is too expensive；________ I don’t have enough money with me at present.

　　A．Because；and

　　B．At first；then

　　C．On one hand；on the other hand

　　D．On the hand；on other hand

　　5．________ passengers survived in the traffic accident except a woman and two children.

　　A．The most

　　B．Majority of the

　　C．Most of

　　D．The majority of the

　　6．My English teacher is really very kind.I’ll never forget the ________ he has done me.

　　A．favor

　　B．deed

　　C．help

　　D．value

　　6．On the ground ________，filled with money inside.

　　A．a red wallet lay

　　B．lay a red wallet

　　C．did a red wallet lie

　　D．did lie a red wallet

　　7．If you let challenges and difficulties benefit ________ depress you，much more can be accomplished than you thought possible.

　　A．more than

　　B．rather than

　　C．less than

　　D．other than

　　8．________ I admit that all these problems are difficult，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.

　　A．Unless

　　B．While

　　C．Until

　　D．Since

　　9．He can never think of the great trouble he had ________ the robbery.

　　A．to find out

　　B．finding out

　　C．found out

　　D．find out

　　10．She hurried to her office by taxi，only ________ that the key had been left at home.

　　A．finding

　　B．found

　　C．to find

　　D．find

　　11．________ made many contestants angry is ________ was called the fair play turned out to be unfair at all.

　　A．What；that what

　　B．What；what

　　C．It；that

　　D．It；what that

　　12．________ we decided to spend the night at the foot of the mountain.

　　A．With the moon appeared

　　B．The moon appeared

　　C．The moon being appeared

　　D．As the moon appeared

　　13．________ for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school，she might have passed the exam.

　　A．Hadn’t it been

　　B．Had it not been

　　C．Was it not

　　D．Were it not

　　14．— The railway station，please.I have to be there in ten minutes.

　　—________，but I’ll do my best.

　　A．No problem

　　B．OK

　　C．I can’t promise

　　D．I can’t do that

　　15．Train services are usually________and run regularly every day.

　　A．reliable

　　B．reasonable

　　C．flexible

　　D．comfortable

　　Ⅱ.完形填空(一)

　　Columnist Dave Barry says this about his father: “My dad would try anything carpentry (木匠活), electrical wiring, roofing and so on. From watching him, I learned a lesson that still __16__ to my life today: No matter how difficult a task may seem, if you’re not afraid to try it, you can do it.”

　　I learned from my parents the value of “going for it”. “Nothing ventured, nothing lost” is the motto of too many of us. Many people are so afraid to __17__ that they never venture (冒险)beyond the familiar. “Better to be safe than sorry” has __18__ too many people in the cocoon (保护膜) of their __19__ zones.

　　A delightful __20__ tells that Col. Robert Johnson of Salem, New Jersey, announced that he would take a public risk. He let the town know that he would __21__ a wolf peach on the steps of the county courthouse at noon on September 26, 1820.“Why would he take such a chance？” asked the __22__ people.

　　Scientists and doctors had long declared the wolf peach to be __23__. If the wolf peach was too ripe and warmed by the sun, they told him he would be exposing himself to brain fever. Should he somehow __24__ the experience, the skin of the peach would stick to the lining of his stomach and eventually cause cancer.

　　Nearly 2,000 people __25__ the square to see Col. Johnson eat the “poisonous” peach—now known as the tomato.

　　Col. Johnson believed his risk was small, but it must be taken if the __26__ about the peach were to be removed. Who has accomplished anything worthwhile without taking a risk?

　　Much like the tortoise, it makes __27__ only when it sticks its neck out.

　　16．A.refersB．applies

　　C．sticks

　　D．leads

　　17．A.fail

　　B．win

　　C．succeed

　　D．leave

　　18．A.turned

　　B．trapped

　　C．forbidden

　　D．forced

　　19．A.comfortable

　　B．miserable

　　C．surprising

　　D．unimportant

　　20．A.novel

　　B．message

　　C．joke

　　D．story

　　21．A.buy

　　B．sell

　　C．eat

　　D．cut

　　22．A.puzzled

　　B．disappointed

　　C．angry

　　D．happy

　　23．A.delicious

　　B．smelly

　　C．salty

　　D．poisonous

　　24．A.enjoy

　　B．survive

　　C．understand

　　D．know

　　25．A.reached

　　B．decorated

　　C．surrounded

　　D．crowded

　　26．A.myths

　　B．ingredients

　　C．truths

　　D．prices

　　27．A.sense

　　B．trouble

　　C．room

　　D．progress

　　Ⅲ.阅读简答

　　Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared (红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest(害虫)problems.

　　Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops. The data were transformed into a color－coded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot－spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would.

　　The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long－term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements(改进) in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，” says George Oerther of Texas A & M, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, and he thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade, but only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

　　28．In what situation will plants have a fever？(No more than 8 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　29．How can we apply pesticide spraying precisely？(No more than 10 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　30．Why may infrared scanning technology be brought back into operation？(No more than 13 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　31．What is the biggest problem that might prevent bringing infrared scanning technology back？(No more than 7 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　 课时作业(十五)

　　Ⅰ.1.D　考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果地球停止了转动将会发生什么？从句是与现在事实相反的假设，故主句应用would happen。

　　2．B　句意为：电脑现在已非常流行，但几年前没有人能想象到它们在社会上会起这么大的作用。根据句意，该空用过去将来时。

　　3．D　第一空为分词短语作状语，与主语是主动关系，故用making；根据搭配“resistant to sth.”，判断选D。

　　4．C　句意为：我不想买这本词典。第一，它价格太贵；第二，我现在没有那么多钱。on(the) one hand…on the other hand…“一方面……另一方面……”，用来列举事项说明理由。

　　5．D　要表示“……的大多数”，经常用the majority of the…或the majority of…；用most来表示“大部分”，大多数要用most of the…形式。

　　6．B　考查倒装句式。当表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，且主语是名词时，句子常用全部倒装。原句为：A red wallet lay on the ground，filled with money inside.

　　7．B　考查词语意义。句意：如果你使挑战和困难有益于你而不是使你失望，更多的可能是完成你原以为可能的事。more than“多于，不仅仅”；rather than“而不是”；less than“少于”；other than“除了”。根据句意可知B正确。

　　8．B　考查连词用法。句意：虽然我承认所有这些问题很难，但是我不认为它们无法解决。此处while表示“虽然，尽管”，用来引导让步状语从句。

　　9．B　考查非谓语动词。句意：他永远也不会想到他在查明抢劫案方面有很大的麻烦。have the trouble (in) doing sth. “做某事有麻烦”。

　　10．C　考查非谓语动词。only to do sth.“表示出乎意料地”，only doing sth.表示“意料之中地”。根据句意“她乘出租车匆忙赶到办公室，结果发现钥匙忘在家里了。”可知选C项。

　　11．A　考查名词性从句。根据句子结构可知is前面是主句，主句中缺少主语，所以第一空填what。第二空谓语动词is后，是表语从句，通常由that引导，一般不省略。而且表语从句中的主句是_______ was called the fair play，又缺少主语，因此was called的主语是what。所以选择A项合适。

　　12．D　考查复合句。根据句意“有月亮出现时，我们决定在山脚下呆一夜。”可知，选D项。A、B项把appeared改成appearing，C项错误，appear是不及物动词没有被动式。所以本题只能选D，as引导伴随状语。

　　13．B　考查虚拟语气的省略句式。当由if引导的虚拟语气的谓语部分为had，should或were时，可以用省略倒装句式。本句根据后句的谓语部分might have passed可知，是对过去事情的假设，所以从句应该用过去完成式，即If it had not been for the fact...，缩略形式就是Had it not been。

　　14．C　考查情景对话。句意：“请到火车站。我必须10分钟到那里”。“我不能保证，但我尽力”。

　　15．A　考查形容词词义辨析。reliable可靠的，可信赖的；reasonable合理的；flexible灵活的；comfortable舒适的。根据句意“火车服务通常是可信赖的，而且每天运作正常。”可知选A项。

　　Ⅱ.“不去冒险，就不会有损失。”这是平庸者的借口，这是无为者的巧言。还是这句话说得好：乌龟只有把脖于伸出来，才能得以前进。

　　16．B　

　　Dave Barry的父亲让他懂得了一个道理，这个道理仍然适用于(applies to)他现在的生活。

　　17．A　联系此空后面的that they never venture beyond the familiar可知他们从不会去做自己不熟悉的事情， 这是因为他们害怕失败(fail)。

　　18．B　 联系空后的in the cocoon我们知道，很多人被限制在保护层内。

　　19．A　“和遗憾比起来，安全更重要”的思想把许多人限制(trapped)在舒服的(comfortable)保护层内。

　　20．D　 下文讲述的内容是Col. Robert Johnson敢于破除迷信而去吃wolf peach的故事，所以此处应该选story。

　　21．C　根据下文中的to see Col. Johnson eat the “poisonous” peach可知他要吃(eat) a wolf peach。

　　22．A　根据下文可知人们对wolf peach的荒诞的说法信以为真，所以对Col. Robert Johnson的做法感到费解(puzzled)。

　　23．D　根据下文中提到的the “poisonous” peach说明人们认为这种东西是有毒的(poisonous)。

　　24．B　 survive the experience说明了他生存的艰难。

　　25．D　根据句中“Nearly 2,000 people”和下文的意思可知人们聚集(crowded)到广场看他吃wolf peach。

　　26．A　 联系全文以及结合生活常识可知，人们对wolf peach的说法是荒诞的，因此选A。

　　27．D　此处用乌龟作比喻，乌龟只有把脖子伸出来．才能得以前进(progress)。

　　Ⅲ.28.When they’re under attack by insects or disease. 　根据第一段Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease.可判断作答。

　　29．We can use infrared scanning to locate the problem area. / By using infrared scanning to locate the problem area. / By adopting the infrared scanning technology. 　根据第一段A decade ago, adopting the infrared(红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress.可判断作答。

　　30．Because of renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning. 　根据第三段But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements(改进) in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation.可判断作答。

　　31．Paley may not find the financial backing./Lacking financial backing. / Lacking enough money. 　根据第三段but only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago可判断作答。