2017届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件：第19讲 Unit 19《Language》（北师大版必修7）

　　10．The manager promised to keep me ________ of how our business was going on.

　　A．to be informed

　　B．on informing

　　C．informed

　　D．informing

　　[解析] C　考查固定搭配。inform如果用主动形式，则用法为inform sb.of sth.但本题中的“我”与inform之间存在动宾关系，所以inform要使用被动形式。

　　第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　阅读写作(十九)　说明文写作之图画、图表说明 阅读写作(十九) [说明文写作之图画 、图表说明]

　　阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 写作点拨 写作点拨 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，要求用简洁明快的语言来解说事物、阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。近几年高考说明文多数以图表、表格或文字的形式给出提示，并往往融合在应用文体中进行考查，一般分为：场所路线介绍；事物介绍；方式方法或计划安排介绍三大类。写说明文宜采用三段式： 第一段：主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的； 第二段：说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤； 第三段：进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。写作时应遵循以下几个步骤： 1．仔细审题，明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。 2．选择合理的说明顺序(时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序)分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。 3．选择恰当的说明方法，比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，注意不要遗漏主要内容。 4．根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁、明了，不要追求华丽和加入太多个人观点。

　　阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 写作点拨 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 词句模板 1．说明方位、路线常用语：

　　(1) …is located at the foot of/ by the side of…， to the east of…and to the north of…

　　(2) In front of it is…， with…on its left and…on its right.

　　(3) Turning to the left, you will see…， behind which is…

　　(4) Walking past…， the building that appears in front of you is…

　　(5) Along the road are lines of trees, from which students can find shade from the hot sun.

　　(6) A walk around…is a feast for the mind as well as the eye.

　　(7) On your left lies a…， with all kinds of…in it.

　　(8) Next to the door against the wall there is a…， in which we sit to watch TV every evening. 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 2．说明事物的特点或优势常用语：

　　(1) …is a new kind of…produced by…， which is…

　　(2) Made of…， it is light, small, and easy to carry.

　　(3) …containing much top and new technique…is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable price.

　　(4) China is a large country with a long history and much population.

　　(5) It is rich in natural resources such as coal and gold and has mild weather.

　　(6) Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history. 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 3．说明做某事的具体方法常用语：

　　(1) Nowadays it is common to use…， but not knowing how to use…

　　(2) As is known to all, it is important to…

　　(3) With the development of…， there is an increasing need for people to know how to…

　　(4) There are several steps to follow./Here are some tips.

　　(5) The first thing to do is to…

　　(6) Although…is important, but without…， all the efforts you have made will be in vain. 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板

　　(7) To ensure success, there is one more thing that you must bear in mind, that is…

　　(8) With the help of the above methods, you will achieve your goal soon. 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 4．说明文格式模板： 模板(1) 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板

　　As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table (graph/picture/pie chart), 作文题目的议题 has been on rise (goes up/increases/drops/decreases)，significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from 　% in 　年 to 　% in 　年. From the sharp/marked decline/rise in the chart, it goes without saying that

　　现象总结

　　． 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板

　　There are at least two good reasons accounting for . On the one hand, . On the other hand, is due to the fact that . In addition, is responsible for . (Maybe there are some other reasons to show . But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.)

　　As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that .

　　模板(2) 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题. The first thing we notice is that 图表最大特点. This means that as (进一步说明)． We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 . After 动词－ing (细节一中的第一个变化), the 动词－ed＋幅度＋时间(紧跟着的变化). The figures also tell us that 图表细节二. In the column, we can see that accounts for 进一步描述． Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that 结论. The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that 给出原因. / It is high time that we 发出倡议. 【活学活用】

　　上海至南京的城际高铁(the intercity high－speed train)于2010年7月1日开通。请您简要描述以下两张图片的内容。列举人们对高铁开通的不同看法(至少两点)，并谈一谈您的个人观点。 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 要求： 1．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2．词数：150词左右。短文开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 3．文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 On July 1st, China opened the intercity high－speed train between Shanghai and Nanjing.

　　______________________________________________________ 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 【参考范文】

　　On July 1st, China opened the intercity high－speed train between Shanghai and Nanjing. It takes about seventy－five minutes from Nanjing to Shanghai on the high－speed train. Passengers enjoy safe and comfortable service during the whole journey. Compared with other forms of transportation, the high－speed train has many advantages. It provides higher speed of travel for its users. In addition, it helps share the burden of other transport systems. Last but not least, the high－speed train service contributes to helping boost economy, tourism and the exchange between the prosperous cities along the line. 阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 However not everyone thinks highly of the high－speed train. Firstly, the ticket price will be about 50 percent higher than the fare for the “D” trains along the same route, which is too expensive for ordinary wage－earners. Secondly, most of them are designed to make stops at every station, so covering the whole distance will take nearly two hours. In my opinion, the high－speed train can be described as a fast, safe, comfortable and environmentally－friendly means of transportation. It will be more beneficial to the development of our city.

　　阅读写作(十九)

　　│ 词句模板 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) He ______________the meeting.

　　他没有参加会议。

　　(2) Please look after my house ___________________.

　　我不在的时候，请照看一下我的房子。

　　(3) _______________may have bad results.

　　心不在焉可能会导致糟糕的结果。

　　(4) He ___________________the meeting.

　　他没有出席会议。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　was absent from in (during) my absence Absence of mind absented himself from 2．单项填空

　　In the ________ of firm evidence the prisoner was set free.

　　A．presence　

　　B．absence

　　C．lack

　　D．loss

　　[解析] B　考查固定词组。 题意：因缺乏确证，被告被释放了。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　9　resemble　v．(be like or similar to)与……相似，像…… 【词语辨析】 resemble, similar, like与alike (1) resemble 是动词，无被动和进行时态； (2) similar是形容词，意为“相似的，类似的”，构成短语be similar to； (3) like 作为“像……一样”讲时，是介词； (4) alike 是形容词，意为“相似的，相同的”。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　【活学活用】 用resemble, similar, like或alike完成句子 (1) She was not beautiful; she did not _________ her mother. 她不漂亮，不像她的母亲。 (2) They are_______ to each other in the taste of music.

　　他们的音乐品味是相似的。 (3) I've always wanted a house_____ theirs.

　　我一直想要像他们那样的房子。 (4) The climate here is always hot—summer and winter _____.

　　这儿的天气总是很热，夏天和冬天相似。

　　第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　resemble

　　similar

　　like alike 1　stand out　引人注目； 显眼； 突出

　　stand ____

　　往后退，远离

　　stand____

　　袖手旁观；支持，忠于；信守，遵守(承诺、

　　协议等)

　　stand ____

　　代表，支持；象征

　　stand up

　　起立，站立； 站得住脚 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　短语储存 by for back 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) His height makes him ______________________.

　　他身材高大，因此在人群中很突出。

　　(2) Our daughter is a great dancer; she _________________

　　_______.

　　我们的女儿是一个不错的舞者，她从许多舞者中脱颖而 出。 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　stand out in the crowd

　　stands out above the rest 2．单项填空

　　(1) Tom ________ in our class because he always gets the

　　first in math test.

　　A．stands for　

　　B．stands out

　　C．stands in

　　D．stands up

　　[解析] B　考查动词词组辨析。stand for支持，代表，象征；stand out脱颖而出；stand in暂时代替；stand up站起，起立。 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　(2) —What does “NASA” ________？

　　—It means “National Aeronautics and Space Administration”．

　　A．stand by

　　B．stand on

　　C．stand for

　　D．stand out

　　[解析] C　句意：“NASA代表什么？”“它的意思是National Aeronautics and Space Administration(美国国家航空航天局)。” 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　2　on purpose　故意地，有意地

　　for the purpose ___为了……目的

　　for (all)practical purpose

　　实际上

　　___ the purpose

　　得要领的；中肯的

　　serve sb.'s/the purpose

　　适合要求；令人满意

　　_____ the purpose of

　　带着……目的

　　to little/no/some purpose

　　几乎徒劳地/毫无成效地/有

　　一定效果地 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　of to with 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) I didn't hurt you __________.

　　我不是故意伤害你的。

　　(2) A meeting was held ________________ appointing a new

　　manager.

　　为任命新经理而召开了一次会议。

　　(3) We have found a meeting­place that will

　　_________________.

　　我们找到了一个很满意的会址。

　　第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　on purpose for the purpose of serve our purpose

　　(4) He returned to his homeland ________________

　　serving his own people.

　　他返回祖国，意在为祖国人民服务。 2．单项填空

　　________ did the United States launch the war against Iraq?

　　A．For what purpose

　　B．For which purpose

　　C．For the purpose of

　　D．On purpose

　　[解析] A　for what purpose为了……目的，表疑问；for the purpose of为了……的目的；on purpose故意地。句意：美国为了什么目的发动了伊拉克战争？ 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　with the purpose of 3　to put it simply　简而言之；简单地说(作插入语，以单独成分出现)

　　to put it another way 用另一种方式说

　　to begin/start _____

　　首先

　　to sum _____

　　总之

　　to be brief

　　简而言之

　　to be frank

　　坦白地说

　　to be exact

　　确切地说

　　to be honest

　　老实说 第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　with up 【活学活用】 根据汉语提示用上述短语完成句子 (1) ___________, there are three main ways of tackling the problem.

　　概括起来说，这一问题主要有三种解决方法。 (2) Anyway, _____________, we still own them ￡2,000.

　　不管怎样，简单地说，我们还欠他们两千英镑。 (3) _________________, it was one of the worst books I've ever read.

　　说实在的，那是我读过的最差的书之一。

　　第19讲 │ 短语储存

　　To sum up to put it simply To be honest/frank 1　It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 早在十八世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言，而这预言在最近几十年已经得到了证实。 句型公式 It is /was predicted that…人们预测……　 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　句型透视 【相关句型】 It is said/thought/believed/reported/hoped that…　据说/认为/人们相信/据报道/人们希望……此句型可以改写为：Sb.be said/thought/believed/reported/hoped to do sth.，to do有时态和语态的变化。如： It's said that he will go abroad next year.＝He's said to go abroad next year.据说他明年将出国。 It's said that he went abroad last year.＝ He's said to have gone abroad last year.据说他去年出国了。 It's said that he is studying abroad now.＝ He's said to be studying abroad now.据说他正在国外学习。 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) _____________________________ practice makes perfect.

　　人们认为熟能生巧。

　　(2) ________________ the rate is rising.

　　据报道，这个比例仍然在上升。

　　(3) _____________ the tax cuts will act as a stimulant to

　　further economic growth.

　　希望降低税率这一措施能刺激经济进一步增长。 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　It is believed/thought/agreed that It is reported that

　　It is hoped that

　　2．单项填空

　　______ is reported in the newspaper is that seventeen

　　climbers have been killed in the snow tsunami.

　　A．ItB．AsC．WhatD．That

　　[答案] C 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　2　Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance. 第三，你们说我只要预先付款就有折扣。 句型公式 　provided引导的条件句　 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　【注意事项】 provided 此处引导了一个从句，意思是“假如，假设，假定”。 【相关拓展】 provided/providing (that)引导一个条件状语从句，意思为“如果，只要”；supposing/suppose (that)，assuming that/given, so/as long as, on condition that也可以用于此结构， 表示“假设，假定，如果”。 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　【活学活用】 1．根据中英文提示完成句子

　　(1) __________________________________________

　　(假设出了问题)，what should you do？(suppose)

　　(2) ___________________________________ (假设他来不 了), who will take over the work？(provide)

　　(3) _________________________________ (假设你父亲看见 你)，what would you say？(give) 第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　Suppose/Supposing (that) something goes wrong Provided/Providing (that) he can't come Given (that) your father saw/sees you 2．单项填空

　　________ you pay me back by Friday, I'll lend you the money.

　　A．Unless　

　　B．Because

　　C．Provided

　　D．Whether

　　[解析] C　unless除非，如果不；because因为；provided如果，只要；whether是否。句意：只要你星期五前还钱，我就借给你。

　　第19讲 │ 句型透视

　　第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Please i ________ everyone the meeting is cancelled. 2．This wounded soldier was u _________ from his loss of blood. 3．He walked about the whole nation in the next ________(十年)． 4．The ________ (目的)of this meeting is to elect a new captain. 5．Some ______ (盗窃)and rob cases happened in this area. nform nconscious decade

　　purpose theft Ⅱ.选词填空 用下面短语的适当形式填空。 　provided that; keep in mind; rely on; on purpose; stand out　 1．Did you break the vase by accident or ___________?

　　2．Being able to speak more than one language can make you _________ and get ahead. 3．Most of us have to _______ what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum. 4．To stay dedicated, you need to _____________ why you are learning English. 5．I will agree to go _____________ my expenses are paid. 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　on purpose stand out rely on keep in mind provided that Ⅲ.单项填空 1．We cannot finish the work ________ these conditions.

　　A．in the absent of B．in the absence of

　　C．from the absence of

　　D．on the absence of

　　[解析] B　in the absence of 缺乏，不存在；无……时，缺少……时，句意：在不具备这些条件的情况下，我们不能完成这项工作。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　2．But I think the theme and style ________ a Song Dynasty painting.

　　A．resemblesB．alikeC．like　 　 D．similar

　　[解析] A　考查resemble，similar，like，alike的用法。分析句子结构可知，此处需要一个动词，故选A。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　3．We are sure that we are the first ____ the bride and groom.

　　A．congratulated

　　B．congratulate

　　C．to congratulate

　　D．congratulating

　　[解析] C　考查不定式。名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时用不定式作定语。句意：我们肯定最先向新娘、新郎祝贺。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　4．Journalists should be ________ in what they write.

　　A．correct

　　B．right

　　C．accurate

　　D．complete

　　[解析] C　考查形容词辨析。 句意： 资讯工作者的报道应该准确。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　5．He ________ himself very quickly to the heat of the new

　　country.

　　A．adjusted

　　B．adopted

　　C．produced

　　D．founded

　　[解析] A　adjust适应，习惯。句意：他很快使自己适应了这个新国家的炎热。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　6．Since you have made up your mind, just go ahead. We will ________ you.

　　A．stand for

　　B．stand by

　　C．stand out

　　D．stand off

　　[解析] B　考查词组辨析。stand for代表，象征；stand by支持，站在……一边；stand out杰出，显眼；stand off远离。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　7．I'm afraid you have to take the next flight. A plane can only carry so much load, ________.

　　A．on purpose

　　B．in all

　　C．on time

　　D．after all

　　[解析] D　考查短语辨析。on purpose故意地；in all总计；on time准时；after all 毕竟，终究，别忘了。句意：对不起，你只能乘坐下个航班了。一架飞机终归只能承载这么多的负荷。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　8. ________， the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.

　　A．Generally speaking

　　B．On the contrary

　　C．In particular

　　D．To be honest

　　[解析] D　考查插入语的词义辨析。generally speaking一般地说；on the contrary与此相反；in particular尤其；to be honest老实说。句意为：说实话，这件工作的薪水不是很诱人，虽然工作本身很有趣。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　9．I will pardon him ________ he acknowledges his fault.

　　A．in case

　　B．provided that

　　C．or else

　　D．as if

　　[解析] B　provided that 引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，故选B。in case万一；or else否则，要不然；as if仿佛，好像。 第19讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　第19讲

　　Unit 19

　　Language 第19讲　Unit 19

　　Language 第19讲 │ 美文欣赏 美文欣赏 [2011·安徽卷] 某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些做法。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2．短文中不能出现本人相关信息。 【精彩美文】 My Approach to Difficulties in Learning

　　As high school students, we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning. Everyone has their own way to deal with them. Here I would like to share mine.

　　When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages. In this way, I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself. 第19讲 │ 美文欣赏 However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help. Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies. 第19讲 │ 美文欣赏 【全品点睛】

　　①行文逻辑：引出话题→一种做法→另一种做法。较好地使用了连接词语，如：not only…but also，however，also，as a result等。

　　②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：run into，one…after another，deal with，refer to，overcome，turn to…for help，ask…for advice，make steady progress等。

　　③句式句法：运用了较多的句式和句法结构。如：时间状语从句：When I am faced with a difficulty…；不定式作后置定语：…to deal with them；不定式作宾语：…to share mine等。

　　第19讲 │ 美文欣赏 基础梳理 Ⅰ.单词荟萃 1. _______ n. 流利度，流畅度→______ adj. 流利的→ ______ adv. 流利地 2. ________ n. 精确度，准确度→ _______ adj. 精确地，准确的→ __________ adv. 精确地，准确地 3. _______ n. 不存在，缺乏→ _______ adj. 缺席的 4. _________ vi. 环绕，围绕→ ____________ n．环境，周围的事物 第19讲 │ 基础梳理 fluency fluent fluently accuracy accurate accurately absence absent surround surrounding 5. _________ adj. 足够的，充分的→_________ adv.足够地，充分地→_________ n．足够，充分 6. _____vt. 调整，调节→___________ n．调整 7. _____________ vt.祝贺→_____________n．祝贺 8. ________ vt.像，与……相似→__________ n．相似，相似性 9. ________n．申请人→_____ v．申请→__________ n．申请 10. _________ vt.使窘迫→____________ adj.令人窘迫的→ ___________

　　adj.尴尬的，局促不安的→_____________n．尴尬；难堪；局促不安 第19讲 │ 基础梳理 adequate adequately adequacy adjust adjustment congratulate congratulation resemble resemblance applicant apply application embarrass embarrassing embarrassed embarrassment Ⅱ.短语检测 1．很久，很长时间　

　　2．虚构，编造

　　3．突出，突现

　　4．适应

　　5．记住

　　6．故意

　　7．简短地说

　　8．提前

　　9．学会

　　10．如果，条件是

　　第19讲 │ 基础梳理 for ages make up stand out adjust to keep in mind on purpose to put it simply in advance

　　catch on provided that

　　Ⅲ.佳句再现 1.

　　___________________________________ English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.

　　早在十八世纪人们就预言有一天英语会成为全球性语言，而这预言在最近几十年已经得到了证实。 2．In today's world being able to speak ________________________, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.当今世界，你能讲包括英语在内的一门以上的语言，就标志着你与众不同，比其他人进步。 第19讲 │ 基础梳理 It was predicted as early as the 1700s that more than one language 3．It is a language without words that ____________________

　　_____________________________that greatly add to—and sometimes even replace—spoken language.这是

　　一种没有词语的语言；由手势、面部表情和身体动作组成的语言。它极大地丰富并且有时甚至取代了口头语言。 4．Quality input ensures quality output, ________ it is speaking or writing.无论是口语还是写作，高质量的输入才能保证高质量的输出。 5．You will want to appear calm with __________________

　　possible.你想表现得平静，而且尽可能的优雅。

　　第19讲 │ 基础梳理

　　consists of gestures, facial expressions and body movements

　　whether

　　as much dignity as 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　单词点睛 1　accuracy　n．准确性(度)；精确(性)

　　accurate adj.精确的，准确的 【词语辨析】 accurate，exact与correct 这些形容词均含“准确的，正确的”之意。 (1) accurate: 表示“准确的，精确的”，指通过努力，使事情达到正确。 (2) exact: 表示“确切的，精确无误的”，指与事实完全相符。 (3) correct: 为一般用语，指“正确的”。 【活学活用】 用accurate，correct，exact填空 (1) That's the _______place I visited last time. (2) I failed in the examination because my answers were not _______. (3) He gave an _______ description of the city. 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　exact correct accurate 2　congratulate　vt.祝贺；庆幸

　　(1) congratulate sb. ___ (doing)sth.

　　为(做)某事祝贺某人

　　(2) congratulation n. 恭喜，恭贺

　　congratulations to sb.on (doing)sth.

　　祝贺某人做某事 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　on 【活学活用】 1. 英汉互译 (1) I came to congratulate you on getting the first place in the National Maths Olympic Competition.

　　_______________________________________________

　　(2) 他们举行了一个盛大的集会来庆祝圣诞节。

　　_______________________________________________ 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　我来祝贺你在全国数学奥林匹克竞赛中获得第一名。 They held a big get­together to celebrate Christmas. 2．单项填空

　　—You know, I've been admitted into Peking University.

　　—Really? ______.

　　A．It's an obvious fact

　　B．You have yourself to thank

　　C．I suppose you are right

　　D．Congratulations

　　[解析] D　考查日常交际用语。当别人向你诉说他/她的成就时，你应该向他/她表示祝贺。此时用Congratulations。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　3　adjust　vt. & vi.调整，校正；调节，改变……以适应

　　(1) adjust oneself ____ sth.使自己适应

　　adjust to sth./doing sth.

　　适应

　　adjust sth.

　　调整，校正

　　(2) adjustment n.

　　调节； 校正

　　make adjustments

　　调整，适应 【知识拓展】 adapt v. 改编；使适合 adopt v. 收养；采用 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　to 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) My eyes haven't __________________yet.

　　我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。

　　(2) Some animals can __________________their

　　environment easily.

　　有的动物能轻易适应自己生活的环境。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　adjusted to the dark adjust themselves to 2．单项填空

　　You should ________ the focus of the camera before taking a picture.

　　A．fixB．arrangeC．repairD．adjust

　　[解析] D　词义辨析题。句意：在拍照前你应该调整相机的焦距。adjust在此处表示“调整”之意。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　4　guarantee　vt. 保证，向某人担保n. 保证；保证书；保修单

　　guarantee sth. 保证某事

　　guarantee to do sth.

　　保证做某事

　　guarantee sth.＋adj.

　　保证某事是……

　　guarantee that…

　　保证……

　　guarantee sb. sth.

　　向某人保证某事 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　【活学活用】 1．根据汉语提示完成句子

　　(1) He ____________ (保证)that he would pay off his debts.

　　(2) They _______________________ (保证到达这里)within an

　　hour.

　　(3) The shoes come with three months‘__________ (保修 期)． 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　guaranteed guaranteed to arrive here guarantee 2．单项填空

　　It is all agreed that a good education doesn't ________ a good job.

　　A．guarantee B．result

　　C．depend

　　D．swear

　　[解析] A　词义辨析题。guarantee a good job表示“确保有一份好的工作”。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　5　thrill　vt.使……极为激动；使……兴奋

　　vi.感到极为激动 n．(a wave of excited feeling)兴奋；激动；使人兴奋的事；震颤感

　　(1) thrill with delight 因为高兴而激动

　　be thrilled at/about/with sth.

　　对某事感到兴奋

　　(2) a thrill of joy/horror

　　一阵欢乐/恐怖 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　【活学活用】 (1) She was _________________ (吓得毛骨悚然)when she saw the dead man. (2) The film _________(使……兴奋)the audience. 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　thrilled with terror

　　thrilled 6　inform　v．(give sb. knowledge of sth.; give evidence or make an accusation against sb. to the police)通知，告诉；告发，告密

　　(1) inform sb. that…　

　　通知某人……

　　inform sb. of/about sth.

　　通知某人某事

　　inform on sb.

　　向警方揭发或告发某人

　　(2) informed adj.　

　　有知识的；明智的

　　keep sb. informed about/of sth.

　　通知某人某事

　　(3) information n.

　　信息

　　informal adj.

　　非正式的 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　【注意事项】 information为不可数名词，不能和不定冠词和具体的数词连用，如果说一条信息，应说a piece of information。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　【活学活用】 1．用括号中所给词的适当形式填空

　　(1) The name of the dead man will not be released until his

　　relatives __________________ (inform)．

　　(2) They thought it is better to _______ (inform) the police.

　　(3) Why wasn't I ________ (inform) about this earlier? 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　have been informed

　　inform informed 2．单项填空

　　Television has so many advantages. It keeps us ________

　　about the latest news, and also provides entertainment.

　　A．informing

　　B．informed

　　C．to inform

　　D．inform

　　[解析] B　考查分词作宾语补足语的用法。inform sb. sth.“告知某人某事”。这里构成keep sb. informed表示被动，意为“使某人得知……”。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　7　surround　vt.&vi.包围；围绕

　　(1) surround sb./sth. with sb./sth.

　　使某人/物包围某人/物

　　be surrounded by/with…

　　被……包围

　　(2) surrounding adj.周围的

　　surroundings n.

　　环境(常用复数) 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) They have _________________ with troops.

　　他们出动军队包围了该城。

　　(2) It took me a few weeks to get used to my

　　____________________________.

　　我花了好几个星期才适应这个新环境。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　surrounded the town new surroundings/environment 2．单项填空

　　________ by the police, the thief had no choice but to surrender(投降)．

　　A．SurroundedB．Having surrounded

　　C．To be surrounded

　　D．Surrounding

　　[解析] A　be surrounded by被……包围。句子主语the thief 与surround呈被动关系。故选A。 第19讲 │ 单词点睛

　　8　absence　n. 缺席

　　(1) absence of mind心不在焉

　　in the absence of

　　在……不在场的情况下

　　(2) absent adj.

　　缺席的

　　absent­minded

　　心不在焉的

　　be absent from

　　不在，缺席

　　absent oneself from

　　缺席，不在 第19讲 │ 单词点睛