2017年高考英语试题分项版解析Ⅰ专题13 交际用语（学生版）

　　交际用语在高考中的考查重点：1.日常交际应答语

　　①应答对方的感谢；

　　②应答对方的道歉；

　　③应答对方的劝告和建议；

　　④应答对方的请求；

　　⑤应答对方的要求；

　　⑥应答对方的邀请；

　　⑦应答对方的祝愿、祝贺

　　3.日常交际问答

　　①问候；

　　②问时间、日期

　　4.几个常考的交际用语

　　解题的方法：，考生“一忌”上词下用

　　上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“I don’t”应答“Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，用“Don’t be sorry”回答“I’m sorry I broke your mirror”，以及用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”等。如何避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目，二是确认句子上下文语境，三是确认正确的话语方式。请看下例：

　　—I wonder if I could use your telephone.

　　—________.

　　A.I wonder how

　　B.I don’t wonder

　　C. Sorryit’s out of order

　　D. No wonder, here it is

　　“二忌中文思维

　　与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。考生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。请看下例：

　　—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?

　　—________.A.I don’t believe

　　B.I don’t believe it

　　C.I believe not so

　　D.I believe not

　　“三忌直接回绝情景对话题不同于语法选择题语法上正确的、汉语上讲得通的不一定是正确答案。情景对话的正确回答必须遵循“委婉、客气、礼貌”的原则被询问者要根据实际情况作出回答。请看例： —I didn’t know this was a one-way street, officer.

　　—________

　　A. That’s all right.

　　B.I don’t believe you.

　　C. How dare you say that?

　　D. Sorry, but that’s no excuse.

　　“四忌”答非所问

　　应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风牛马不相及的话，考生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure和It’s a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客气”。请看下例：

　　—Sorry, I couldn’t come to the party. I was sick that day.

　　—_________.

　　A.I don’t know that

　　B. That’s all right

　　C. Yes, we’ll have another party

　　D. No, the party wasn’t held

　　【解析】A、B和D三项均明显地答非所问，与问句无关；只有C项能够作出直接的答复。

　　1.(2017卷) 21.—Which one of these do you want?

　　—

　　Either will do .

　　A. I don't mind

　　B. I'm sure

　　C. No problem

　　D. Go ahead

　　【答案与解析】(2017大纲卷) 20.—Try not to work yourself too hard . Take it easy.

　　—Thanks .__________

　　A. So what ?

　　B. No way

　　C. What for ?

　　D. You too.

　　【答案与解析】(2017天津卷) 1.—Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson?

　　—__________. I can manage without you.

　　Forget it

　　B. I’m afraid not C. It depends

　　D. Of course

　　【答案与解析】(2017重庆卷)26.—The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been canceled.

　　—Oh, no! ______.

　　A. It’s a pity

　　B. It doesn’t matter

　　C.I knew it already

　　D. It’s not interesting at all

　　【答案与解析】(2017重庆卷)35.—Look, here comes your dream girl. Invite her to dance.

　　—______ What if she refuses me?

　　A.I don’t know.

　　B. Why me?

　　C. With pleasure.

　　D. So what?

　　【答案与解析】(2017安徽卷) 22.—May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.

　　—

　　, thanks. I think I can manage.

　　A. All right

　　B. No problem

　　C. It’s all right

　　D. There’s no way

　　【答案与解析】(2017福建卷) 21. — What are you going to do this weekend?

　　— _____. If time permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends.

　　A. Don't mention it

　　B. It doesn't matter

　　C. Forget it

　　D. It depends

　　【答案与解析】(2017江苏卷)24.－Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.

　　－_______! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.

　　A. What a relief

　　B. Congratulations

　　C. How surprising

　　D. I'm so sorry

　　【答案与解析】(2017江西卷)27. —Have you paid? What’s my share of the bill?

　　—

　　. It wasn’t very much.

　　A. Don’t worry about it.

　　B. It’s my share

　　C. None of your business. D. It’s up to you.

　　【答案与解析】(2017辽宁卷)23. — I’m terribly sorry to interrupt, but may I use your phone? It’s rather urgent.

　　— Yes,

　　.

　　A. with pleasure

　　B. no burry

　　C. it doesn’t matter

　　D. of course

　　【答案与解析】(2017山东卷) 22. — Sorry I’m late. I got stuck in traffic.

　　— _________. You’re here now. Come in and sit down. A. You are welcome

　　B. That’s right

　　C. I have no idea

　　D. Never mind

　　【答案与解析】(2017四川卷) 1.—Excuse me. How much is the shirt?

　　— _______.

　　A. Extra Large

　　B. 50 each

　　C. It sells well

　　D. Altogether there are 5

　　【答案与解析】(2017四川卷) 3.—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. ______.

　　A. I did

　　B. I do

　　C. I shall

　　D. I will

　　【答案与解析】(2017浙江卷) 20.—I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days .

　　—________, I wish I could get away for a while.

　　A. It doesn't matter

　　B. Forget it.

　　C. I really envy you

　　D. I can't agree more

　　【答案与解析】