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高考英语知识点+考点+题型+演练(9)

发布时间:2017-02-13  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  高考英语知识点+考点+题型+演练(9)

  一、语言知识点:

  1. when 既可指时间的某一点,从句中的谓语动词可以是非延续性的,又可指一段时间(从句中的谓语动词要用延续性动词),从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。

  意为"这时",常用结构:be about to…when…

  as: 强调从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生,而不是一前一后。

  while: 表示两者情况对比。

  2. be of +抽象名词=be + adj.

  be of (great) + use/help/value/importance

  =be (very) + useful/helpful/valuable/important

  3. journey:适用范围广,可指陆海空的旅行,常指距离较远的旅行。

  trip:指短时间,短距离的旅行。

  travel:泛指旅游,前面一般不用冠词。

  travels:多指旅行经历

  journey和trip强调往返性,travel不侧重往返性,可以是章程旅行。

  Voyage:海上旅行或航海。

  4. hope:指与过去、现在或将来有关的希望,不能接名词,双宾语或复合宾语。

  wish:多指美好的祝愿,或表达的是过去,现在或将来发生的令人遗憾的事,接从句时使用虚拟语气。

  hope for:希望、期待、对(某物)有信心

  We hope you'll be very happy.

  I wish I had gone to that party.

  We haven't heard from him for a long time, but we are still hoping for a letter.

  5. promise n.诺言,有指望,有前途,可能性

  There is a promise of better weather tomorrow.

  keep a promise→break a promise

  carry out a promise:履行诺言

  fulfill a promise:实现诺言

  v.许诺,答应,有…迹象,使…很有可能

  I can't promise, but I'll do my best.

  The clouds promise rain.

  promising adj. 有前途的,有希望的

  6. put up:搭起,建筑

  set up:建立,成立

  build:建造

  build up:建立

  found:创立,创办

  7. around/round the corner:在拐角处,即将到来

  in the corner:在角落里

  on the corner:在拐角上

  at the corner:在拐角处(比on的范围大)

  8. praise sb/sth

  praise sb for (doing) sth:因…赞扬…

  praise sb as…:称赞…是…

  sing high praise for:称赞…

  in praise of:赞美

  9. population:对此进行提问时,要使用what,人口的"多,少"使用large, small;表示"有多少人"时用"has a population of…"。

  population:用作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由其后面的表语来决定。

  ----What's the population of China?

  ----China has a population of 1.3 billion.

  The population of New Zealand is small.

  The population of developing countries are mostly peasants.

  10. come to terms with:达成协议,妥协

  take possessions of:获得,占有

  in/with relation to:与…有关联,关于

  in memory of sb:为了纪念某人

  match…with…:把…和…搭配起来

  二、语法专题情态动词和虚拟语气的考点

  1. 表示推测:情态动词+ be+表:现在状态

  情态动词+ be doing:现在动作

  情态动词+ have done:过去

  may/might have done:本可以干某事

  can/could have done:本能够干某事

  should/ought to have done:本应该干某事

  needn't have done:本不必干某事

  would/should like/love to have done:过去本想干某事

  had better have done:当初最好干某事

  would rather have done:当然真该干某事

  注:情态动词表推测时,其反意疑问句,应把情态动词变为不是推测的来考虑。

  2. 几个情态动词的辨析与特殊用法:

  (1)can/could用于肯定句中表"可以",或"能够"(强调与生俱来的能力);be able to强调过去设法完成的某一具体的动作。

  (2)used to表示过去常常干某事,暗示"现在不干了",以及表示过去一直存在的状态;would表示过去常常干某事,但不涉及现在的情况,还可以表示过去一直烦人的事情。

  (3)need/dare作为实义动词时,应用need/dare to do; 作为情态动词时,一般不用于肯定句中。

  (4)shall用于第一、三人称,表示征询对方意见或请求;用于第二、三人称时,表示命令、强制、允诺或威胁。

  (5)will可以表示意愿或必然趋势。

  If he won't help us, all our plans will be ruined.

  The window won't open.

  3. 虚拟语气应用于如下结构中:

  (1)一种定语从句:It's time that+did

  (2)两种目的状语从句:

  so that/in order that+ can/may/could/might +do

  (3)三种随时变化句:

  ①

  wish

  现在→did/were

  if only

  + 过去→had done

  as if/though

  将来→could/would do

  ② would rather + 现在/将来→did/were

  过去→had done

  ③ 现在:if+did/were, would+ do

  过去:if+had done, would+ have done

  将来:did

  if+ were to do, would+ do

  should do

  注意:除了由if引导的虚拟条件句外,还有倒装条件句,即把were、had或should提前;混合时间句,虚实错综句,以及含蓄条件句,即由or, otherwise, with, without, but for来引导的。

  (4)四种名词性从句:

  ①当表语是important, natural, necessary, possible, strange, arranged, decided, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, surprising, a pity, no woder时,主语从句要用虚拟语气。例:

  It's important that we (should) help each other.

  ②动词一坚持(insist),两命令(command, order),三建议(advise, propose, suggest),四要求(ask, demand, request, require)后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。例:

  He insisted that he (should) be sent to the West.

  注:insist(坚持说), suggest(暗示,表明)时,从句应用陈述语气。如:

  Her pale face suggested that she was ill.

  ③idea, plan以及表示"坚持,命令,建议,要求"等动词的同源名词作主语时,表语从句用虚拟语气。例:

  My suggestion is that we (should) hold a class meeting.

  ④idea, plan以及表示"坚持,命令,建议,要求"等动词的同源名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。例:

  The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely.

  三、题型归纳──完形填空解题要决二

  巧用上下文语境。①注意上下文的信息提示:信息提示出现在前文时,可以根据前文的信息提示确定答案;信息提示出现在后文时,我们应该先把此空暂时搁置,在理解了后文的基础上,再确定答案。②通读全文,利用复现词语:完形填空试题中,一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现使得语篇中的句子相互衔接,从而构成一个完整的、有机的意义整体。把握这些反复出现的词语,有助于我们确定正确答案。

  例1:Reading is a way of learning English without classes or a teacher. It helps develop learners' independence. And while reading graded readers, learners don't have to run a____ because the language is at their level.

  A. dictionary B. teacher

  C. student

  D. recorder

  [分析]because在此引导一个原因状语从句,因为读物中使用的语言符合读者的语言水平,读者当然不必求助于词典。

  例2:All of a sudden I started to feel rather__1__. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of__2___. I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience.

  1. A. encouraged

  B. dissatisfied C. hopeless

  D. pleased

  2. A. place

  B. job

  C. advice

  D. help

  [分析]文章讲到作者去应聘工作,既没有经验又信心,心里感到十分不踏实。从下文中的"I felt even more hopeless"可知第1题填"hopeless",暗示作者那种无望的心情。而"it would be difficult to get a job without experience"则呼应了第2题,故选job。

  例3:Years ago in Scotland, the Clark family had a dream. Clark and his wife worked and____, making plans for their nine children and themselves to travel to 2(America) . It had taken years, but they had

  3(finally) saved enough money and had gotten passports and reservations for the whole family on a new liner t the United States.

  A. spent

  B. counted

  C. saved

  D. played

  [分析]分析上面一段文字可知Clark夫妇存钱的目的是让一家人出去旅游。根据文中"but they had 3(finally) saved enough money"可知第1题答案为C项

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