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高考英语备考总复习:BookI Unit1《Good friends》知识搜索与探究归纳

发布时间:2017-02-13  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳

  Unit1 Good friends

  自助式复习板块

  知识搜索

  A. 单词

  1.诚实的;正直的(adj.) ____________

  2.勇敢的(adj.) ____________

  3.忠诚的;忠心的(adj.) ____________

  4.聪明的;漂亮的(adj.) ____________

  5.荒芜的;荒废的(adj.)_____________

  6.古典的;经典的(adj.)_____________

  7.喜爱的;多情的(adj.)_____________

  8.神圣的(adj.)_____________

  9.正式的;正规的(adj.)_____________

  10.油煎;油炸(v.)_______________

  11.锯(v.)_______________

  12.投掷;投射(v.)_______________

  13.幸免于;从……中生还(v.)_______________

  14.打猎;猎取(v.)_______________

  15.分享;分配(v.)_______________

  16.冒险;冒险经历(v.)_______________

  17.解决办法;解决方案(n.)_______________

  18.罗盘;指南针(n.)_______________

  19.悲哀;悲痛(n.)_______________

  20.触觉;感觉(n.)_______________

  21.错误;差错(n.)_______________

  22.演说;讲话(n.)_______________

  答案:1.honest 2.brave 3.loyal4.smart 5.deserted 6.classical 7.fond8.sacred 9.formal 10.fry 11.saw 12.cast 13.survive 14.hunt15.share 16.adventure17.solution 18.compass 19.sorrow 20.feeling 21.error 22.speechB. 短语

  23.喜欢……(1)into sth. (2) be

  

  24.把……当作……..._______...

  25.搜查 

  26.关注,在乎

  

  27.独自28.由于某事向某人道歉 to sb. _______ sth.

  29.给某人写信sb. ________ _________ 

  30.由于某事生某人的气sb. _______ sth.

  31.偶尔遇见 32.做生意a_________

  33.留心某事/某人an_______ ________ sb.

  / sth.

  34.逃课 35.情绪低落 36.与某人分享某物 sth._______ sb. 

  37.取笑某人 sb. 

  38.对……好奇

  

  39.分享快乐和悲伤 and ________

  答案:23.(1)be (2) fond of24. treat...as.../regard...as... 25.hunt for 26.care about 27.all alone 28.apologize, for 29.drop, a line 30.be angry with, about 31.run into 32. run, business33.keep, eye on 34.skip classes35.feel down 36.share, with 37.make fun of 38.be curious about 39. share happiness, sorrow

  C. 句型

  40.你本不该浪费如此多的时间去上网。

  You______ ______ wasted so much time_______ _______Internet.

  41. His speech was so inspiring that everybody got excited. = _____ ______ ______ his speech that everybody got excited. 

  42. As she tried hard, she failed to pass the exam. =______ _______she tried, she failed to pass the exam.

  43. Tom likes playing basketball,________ does his brother.

  I have never been so happy since I graduated from the university,________ have I.

  答案:40.shouldn’t have, surfing the 

  41.So inspiring was 

  42.Hard as 43. so; neither/nor

  D. 语法

  44. She said, “I’ll go there tomorrow.”→

   She said  .

  45. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound. ”→

   He said_____________________ .

  46. He said, “Are you interested in English?”→

   He asked (me) ______________.

  47. “What do you want?” he asked me.→

   He asked me ____________.

  答案:44. that she would go there the next/following day

   45.that light travels much faster than sound

   46.if I was interested in English

   47.what I wanted

  重难聚焦

  重点单词

  要点1 survive 

  【例题】 (经典回放)In suchdry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they______ .

  A. have survived 

  B. are to survive

  C. would survive

  D. will survive

  解析:be to do 表示将来注定要发生。在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来,故C、 D两项都不能选。

  答案:B

  归纳与迁移

  (1)vt.幸免于,从……中逃生

  The lucky man survived the shipwreck.

  那个幸运的人在海难中幸存。

  He survives the crash and lands on a deserted island. 

  他在坠机后幸存了下来,落在一个荒芜的岛上。

  (2)vi.活下来,幸存,残存

  He survived in the desert for a whole week on biscuits and water.

  他依靠饼干和水在沙漠里存活了一个星期。

  要点2 argue

  【例题】 The report argues tax increase, because there’s been a turmoil at the beginning of the year.

  A. for  B. with  

  C. against  D. over

  解析:本题考查和argue搭配的短语的意思。argue for表示“提供理由支持”;argue with s. 表示“和某人争论”;argue against表示“为反对某事提供理由”;argue over表示“就某事进行辩论”。本句句意:因为年初时局曾动荡不安,报告列举了反对增税的种种理由。

  答案:C

  

  argue争论;争辩

  常用于以下句型:

  argue with sb. about/over sth.同某人争论某事

  argue for/against sth.赞成/反对……

  argue sb. to be...表明,证明

  argue that...用辩论证明

  The couple next door are always arguing.隔壁的夫妻总吵架。

  We are arguing with each other about the justice of the war.

  我们就这场战争是否正当而展开争论。

  Mr Smith argued that he should be paid more.史密斯先生据理力争他应该得到更多的薪酬。

  The way he spends money argues him to be very rich.

   他花钱的方式说明他很富有。

  要点3 treat

  【例题】2010江苏,26More patients______ in hospital this year than last year.

  A. treated

  B. have treated

  C. had treated

  D. have been treated

  解析:根据句意,“treat”的意思是“治疗”,而且是发生在今年,故用现在完成时态的被动式。

  答案:D

  (1)vt.治疗,对待,款待

  常用于以下句型:

  treat...as... 把……看作

  treat sb. to sth.用……来款待某人

  treat sb. for... 给某人治病

  Don’t treat me as a child. 不要把我当成小孩看待。

  Why do you treat the matter as a joke? 你为什么把这件事当作儿戏?

  Peter treated me to an ice-cream.

  彼得请我吃了冰激凌。

  The doctors and the nurses risked their lives treating the patients for SARS.

  医生和护士们冒着生命危险为SARS患者治病。

  (2)以下句型也常用来表示“把……当作”:

  look on/upon...as...

  have...as...

  think of...as/to be...

  consider...as/to be...

  regard. ..as...

  要点4 alone/lonely

  【例题】 It was a pleasant way of passing the time for an old woman who lived .

  A. lonely

  B. alone

  C. away

  D. busily 

  解析:lonely和alone意义相近。lonely的意思为“孤独的”,是形容词;alone指的是“独自一人的”,作副词。who定语从句的意思是“一个人住的老太太”,整句话的意思为“对于一个独居的老太太来说的话,这是一个很不错的消磨时间的方法”。

  答案:B

  

  (1)词性:alone可以作形容词和副词;lonely只能作形容词。

  (2)用法:作形容词时,alone只能作表语,有时作宾补,不能作定语;lonely可以作表语和定语。alone不能用very修饰,而要说much alone,或very much alone。

  (3)词义:作表语时,alone的意思是“独自一人;寂寞”,指的是客观情况;lonely的意思是“寂寞”,指的是主观感觉。

  Finally the two of us were alone together.最后只有我们两人在一起。

  It’s hard to bring up children alone.一个人独立抚养孩子是艰难的。

  She lives alone and often feels lonely.她孑然一身,常感到寂寞。

  (4)固定结构:

  leave/let sb. /sth. alone听任,别打扰

  let alone更不用说

  all alone独自,一个人

  Carol felt all alone in the world. 卡罗尔感到自己在世界上无依无靠。

  I was having serious doubts about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone scoring so many points.

   我怀疑自己还能否活到21岁,更不要说得到这么多分了。

  要点5 match

  【例题】

  The black colour of your shoes doesn’t the white colour of your suit.

   A. fit

  B.

  agree

  C. match

  D. suit

  解析:本题考查动词辨析。fit与suit都表示“适合”,区别在于fit指大小、形状合适,引申为吻合,协调;suit指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。在表示衣着合身时,match多指大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。agree用法错误。本句句意为“你的黑鞋子和你的白套装不相配”。

  答案:C

   match可用作动词和名词。作动词时,主要义项有:与……一致;和……相似;和……相配;匹敌过;比得过。主要搭配形式为:match+ n. +to / with +n.把……和……搭配起来;match+ n. + in/ for +n.与……匹敌,是……的对手。作名词时,主要义项有:火柴;比赛;相配。

  Please match each picture with the correct sentence.

   把每一幅画与正确的句子搭配起来。

  No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.

   在古典音乐方面没有人比得上她。

  The doors were painted blue to match the walls.

   门漆成了蓝色,为的是与墙的颜色相配。

  The cap is a match for the coat.

   这帽子和上衣很相配。

  要点1 be into sth.

  【例题】 He is surfing in a big way.

  A. fond

  B. in

  C. into

  D. onto

  解析:fond表示“喜爱,喜欢”,常以be fond of搭配形式出现;be in指“时髦的,流行的”;be into表示“喜爱”;be onto sth.表示“对……了解,掌握”。句意为“他迷上了冲浪运动”。

  答案:C

  

  Teenagers are into romantic movies.青少年对爱情片非常感兴趣。

  Catherine is into collecting stamps.凯瑟琳非常喜欢收藏邮票。

  还有一些表示“喜爱”的词或者短语,如:enjoy,love, be interested in, care for, be enthusiastic about, take an active interest in, go in for(酷爱)

  Most boys are fond of football while he enjoys playing tennis.

  许多男孩喜欢足球而他喜欢网球。

  【例题】2010年北京,35I don’t_________ rock’n’roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.

  A. go after

  B. go away with

  C. go into

  D. go in for

  解析:本题考查短语的区别。go after追赶;go away with与……一起离开;go into开始做某事;go in for酷爱。

  答案:D

  要点2 too much/much too

  【例题】 The box is small;we can’t put food in it.

  A. too much;much too

  B. much too;too much

  C. much too;so many

  D. too much;so many 

  解析:此题主要考查too much和much too的区别。too much是表示“(数量上)太多了,(程度上)过分多”;而much too则是以too为中心词,用来修饰形容词和副词,表示“太……”;food为不可数名词,不能用so many修饰。

  答案:B

  

  (1)too much具有形容词、副词和代词的功能,可以在句中作定语、状语、表语、主语和宾语,表示“太多(的)、过分(的)、好极(的)”。

  But too much snow can cause trouble.(too much为形容词,作定语)

  但是雪量太大也会给我们生活上带来许多麻烦。

  She is afraid the trip will be too much for me.(too much为形容词,作表语)

  她担心在这次旅行中我会吃不消。

  She does talk too much.(too much为副词,作状语)

  她的确说得太多了。

  (2)Too much has been said about it.(too much 为代词,作主语)

  对于这个问题我们已经强调得够多了。

  much too“太……”,中心词是副词too,用来修饰形容词和副词,在句中作状语。

  These shoes are much too narrow for me.

   这双鞋我穿实在太紧了。

  You are much too thin to play the part of Falstaff.

  你太瘦了,不能演福尔塔夫这个人。

  【例题】(经典回放)Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.

  A. much too heavy

  B. too much heavy

  C. heavy too much

  D. too heavy much

  解析:heavy是形容词,所以只能用much too来修饰,表示“箱子太重了无法拿回家”。

  答案:A

  要点3in order to

  【例题】2010黄埔模拟Translation:为了拯救那些禽流感(bird flu)患者,医生们日夜工作,废寝忘食。

  答案:In order to save those who suffered from bird flu, the doctors worked day and night, forgetting/neglecting (their) meals and sleep.

  

  (1)in order to意思是“目的是,以便,为了”,作目的状语。

  In order to find the book, he searched the whole house.

   为了找到那本书,他翻遍了整个房子。

  否定形式:in order not to do sth.

  (2)与in order to意思相近的还有so as to/to do sth.,它们都可以作目的状语,其区别如下:

  这三种不定式作目的状语,在意义上并无多大差别,to do比较普遍,另外两种语气稍重些,so as to do比较口语化些,in order to do则比较正式。为了加强语气,可以把to do和in order  to do放在句首,但是需要注意,so as to do是不能放在句首的。

  To/In order to hear better, we sit in the front row.

  为了听得更清楚,我们坐在前排。

  (3)to do, in order to do, so as to do三种不定式作目的状语时,一般句子的主语就是不定式的逻辑主语,但如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,常用for来引出。

  I stepped aside for her to get in.

   我为了让她进来于是往旁边挪了挪。

  

  要点1 so或neither(nor)引导的(倒装)句型

  【例题】2010广西,32—I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!

  —______.

  A. Nor am I

  B. Neither would I

  C. Same with me

  D. So do I

  解析:这道题考查“neither+助动词+主语”的倒装句结构,表示“……也不……”,两句中应使用同类助动词且时态一致。

  答案:B

  

  (1)“neither/nor+系动词(情态动词或助动词)+(与前句不同的)主语”表示前句中的否定情况也适用于另一人或物。注意:两句中应使用同类助动词且时态一致。

  —I have never been to America. 我从未去过美国。

  —Neither/Nor have I.(=I haven’t been to America, either.)我也从未去过。

  2010江苏,21I will never know what was on his mind at the time;nor will anyone else.

  我将永远不会知道当时他心里是怎么想的,其他人也不会知道。

  (2)“so+系动词(情态动词或助动词)+(与前句不同的)主语” 表示前句中的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物。so代替上文中的动作或概念,表示“也是这样,也是如此”。注意:两句中应使用同类助动词且时态一致。

  She can speak French and so can her husband. 她会讲法语,她的丈夫也会。

   I have lost a bike and so has he.我丢了一辆自行车,他也丢了一辆。

  (3) 当前句表述的某人或某事情况复杂,而无法使用so或neither(nor)引导的倒装句型表达另一人或物情况相同时,则用It is/was with s. /sth.。

  —Tom likes playing basketball but he can’t play well.

  汤姆喜欢打篮球,但他打得不好。

  —So it is with me. 我的情况与他相同。

  —He is an honest worker and works hard.

  他是一位诚实的工人,而且工作很卖力。

  —So it is with you.你也是这样的。

  特别提示:

  “So+(与前句相同的)主语+助动词”表示赞同,so译为“确实”,主谓不倒装。

  (1)—She can speak French. 她会讲法语。

  —So she can.她确实会讲法语。

  (2)(经典回放)—You forget your purse when you went out.

  —Good heavens,______.

  A. so did I B. so I did

  C. I did so

  D. I so did

  解析:本句意思是:“你外出时忘了带钱包了。”“哎呀!我真的忘记带钱包了。”

  答案:B

  (3)—David has made great progress recently.

  —,_____and______ .

  A. So he has; so you have

  B. So he has; so have you

  C. So has he; so have you

  D. So has he; so you have

  解析:此题前一空考查的是对上文的肯定;第二个空考查的是同样的情况也适用于你。

  答案:B

  要点2 so...that...

  【例题】

  Liu Xiang did well at Athens Olympic Games______ all China are proud of him.

   A. so;that

  B. as;as

  C. not only;but also

  D. both;and

  解析:so...that...表示“如此…以至于”,与句意最相符。

  答案:A

  

  (1)so +adj./ adv.+ that...表示“如此……以至于”,that可省略;当so和它所修饰的形容词或副词放在句首时,主句倒装。

  The book is so interesting that I want to read it again. = So interesting is the book that I want to read it again.

   这本书是如此有趣,以至于我还想再读一遍。

  There are so many mistakes in your article that I can’t understand the meaning.= So many mistakes are there in your article that I can’t understand the meaning.

   你文章中的错误太多了,以至于我都无法理解其意思。

  在so...that...句型中也可以使用名词,结构如下:

  ①so + few/many+可数名词复数+that

  ②so + little/much+不可数名词+that

  (2)so +adj.+ a(n)+名词+that=such+ a(n) +adj.+ 名词+ that

   It was so cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.= It was such a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.

   天气是如此之冷,以至于河里的冰结了都有两英尺厚了。

  It was such fine weather that the children all went out, playing in the sun.(weather为不可数名词,所以前面不能加a)

  天气很好,孩子们都出去在阳光下玩耍。

  There was so much water in the river that we couldn’t swim across it.

   河水水位太高了,我们游不过去。

  要点3should have done sth.

   【例题】2010福建,32 —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

  —You_______ her last week.

   A. ought to tell

  B. would have told

   C. must tell

  D. should have told

   解析:句意为:“明天我就告诉玛丽有关她新工作的事情。”“你上星期就该告诉她了。”因为答句当中有last week这个表示过去的时间状语,should have done表示“过去本该做某事但却没有做”。并且也不能选ought to tell,而说ought to have told是可以的。

  答案:D

  

   should have done表示“过去本应该做某事,而实际上没做”,含有责备的意味。

  shouldn’t have done表示“过去不应该做某事,而实际上做了”,也含有责备的意味。

  You should have come here yesterday.你昨天应该到这里来。

  He shouldn’t have gone without telling us.他不应该不辞而别。

  2010全国Ⅲ,27Mr White______ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.

   A. should have arrived

  B. should arrive

   C. should have been arrived

  D. should be arriving

   解析:后句表明他没有到达。因为should have done可以表示“过去本应该做某事,而实际上没做”,这与题意相符。B项和D项时态不对。C项结构搭配错误。

  答案:A

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