高考英语备考总复习：BookII Unit12《Fact and fantasy》知识搜索与探究归纳

　　高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳

　　Unit12 Fact and fantasy

　　自助复习板块

　　知识搜索

　　A. 单词

　　1.小说(n.)________________

　　2.信念;信心;信仰(n.) ________________

　　3.植物学(n.) ________________

　　4.仆人;雇员(n.) ________________

　　5.碰撞;(利益,意见等)冲突(n.) ________________

　　6.同伴;同伙(n.) ________________

　　7.俘虏;犯人(n.) ________________

　　8.大理石(n.) ________________

　　9.岸;滨(n.) ________________

　　10.(总称)行李(n.) ________________

　　11.现象;奇迹(n.) ________________

　　12.屠夫;屠杀者(n.) ________________

　　13.踌躇;犹豫(v.) ________________

　　14.永久的;固定的(adj.) _______________

　　15.聪明的;杰出的;耀眼的(adj.) _______________

　　16.可怕的;令人恐惧的(adj.) _______________

　　答案：1.fiction　2.belief　3.botany　4.servant　5.collision　6.companion　7.prisoner　8.marble　9.shore　10.luggage　11.phenomenon　12.butcher　13.hesitate　14.permanent　15.brilliant16. horribleB. 短语

　　17.公开地;公然18.素描;速写

　　19.在不久/遥远的未来

　　/ ________ ________

　　20.谋生

　　21.建立……的基础

　　22.保护船只免受袭击 the ship______ /

　　________ ________

　　23.被一种欲望驱使be

　　24.日日夜夜

　　25.对……进行研究

　　/ ________

　　26.以直线传播

　　27.在某种情况下

　　28.去冒险

　　29.高八英尺eight

　　17.in public　18.make a sketch of　19.in the near/far future　20.make a living 21.lay the foundation　22.defend against/from attacks　23.driven by a desire　24.days and nights　25.do research into/on　26.travel in a straight line　27.under certain conditions　28.go on an adventure　29.feet in height

　　C. 句型

　　30. People believe that this play was written by Shakespeare.

　　→________ ________ ________that this play was written by Shakespeare.

　　31. People thought it was caught by a sea monster.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________ ________ caught by a sea monster.

　　32. —Do you believe that we can travel in the near future?

　　—I

　　________ ________ (我想是的).30.It is believed　31.It is believed to be　32. believe soD. 语法

　　用括号中的前缀填空(re, dis-, im-, in-, un)

　　33. It is _______possible for me to accept your theory without testing it.

　　34. This cloth would be________ visible to anyone who was _______ fit for the office he held.

　　35. Though he didn’t win any medals in the last sports meet, he was not _______ couraged. 

　　36. The Temple of Heaven was first built during the Ming Dynasty and later_______ built during the Qing Dynasty.

　　37. The whole country was ________ united by the founding of the Sui Dynasty in the sixth century.

　　38. Rose said it was________ fair if Dad gave me a dictionary but gave her only a diary.

　　答案：33.im　34.in; un　35.dis　36.re37.re　38.un要点1　apply

　　【例题】 The principle of diligence all undertakings(事业).

　　A. apply to　 　B. suit to　 　C. fit for　 D. match with

　　解析:apply to sth.适用于某事。

　　答案:A

　　

　　(1）apply (to s. ) (for sth.)申请；请求

　　I want to apply for the job. 

　　我想申请这项工作。

　　(2) apply sth.(to sth.) 应用；运用；适用

　　Apply all her money to her mortgage.

　　将她所有的钱都用来付抵押贷款。

　　(3)adj. applied应用的，实用的

　　applied science 应用科学

　　(4)n. application

　　要点2　condition

　　【例题】 You can have your bike back that you apologize to me.

　　A. under the condition

　　B. on condition

　　C. in the condition

　　D. for the condition

　　解析:on condition that...“倘若……”，固定搭配。

　　答案:B

　　

　　(1）(单数形式或不可数名词）状态；处境；地位；身份；健康状况

　　The car is in very good condition.

　　这辆汽车情况良好。

　　The patient’s condition is critical.

　　病人情况危急。

　　(2）(可数名词）条件；条款；规定

　　One of the conditions of the job is that you should be able to drive.

　　做这项工作的其中一个条件是要会开车。

　　the terms and conditions of the lease契约的条款和条件

　　(3)conditions 环境；情况

　　under existing conditions 在现有情况下

　　Firemen have to operate in very difficult conditions.

　　消防队员必须在很困难的情况下工作。

　　(4)on condition that...在……条件下；倘若……

　　You can go out on condition that you finish your homework.

　　如果你把作业做完的话就可以出去玩。

　　(5)相关短语

　　be in condition身体很好

　　be out of condition 身体不适

　　be in good condition完好无误

　　make it a condition that...以……为条件

　　on no condition 绝不要

　　要点1　throw light upon

　　【例题】 These discoveries may throw light the origins of the universe.

　　A. at

　　B. in

　　C. on

　　D. for

　　解析:throw / cast light on sth.“使某事显得非常清楚”，固定搭配。

　　答案:C

　　

　　(1）throw/cast light on sth.使某事显得非常清楚

　　The modern scientific development has throw light on this question.

　　现代科学的发展已使这个问题明朗化。

　　Can you throw any light on the problem?

　　你能把这个问题阐述清楚吗？

　　(2)in (the) light of sth.鉴于，考虑到

　　In (the) light of the tragic news we canceled the celebration.

　　鉴于这个悲伤的消息，我们取消了庆祝。

　　要点2　set out to

　　【例题】 On receiving the assignment, we at once.

　　A. set to work

　　B. set out to work

　　C. got down to working

　　D. all the above

　　解析:set to do/set out to do/get down to doing都表示开始做某事。

　　答案:D

　　

　　(1)set out to do(带着目的）开始做某事

　　She set out to break the world land speed record. 

　　她决心要打破陆上速度的世界记录。

　　They succeeded in what they set out to do.

　　他们打算做的事已经做成了。

　　(2)set out 出发

　　She set out at dawn.

　　她天一亮就动身了。

　　(3)set off开始(旅行、赛跑等）；使……爆炸

　　They’ve set off on a journey around the world. 

　　他们已经开始环游世界了。

　　The slightest spark could set the fireworks off.

　　稍有火星就能引爆那些烟火。

　　(4）set s.

　　off to doing sth.使某人开始做某事

　　Don’t set him off talking or he’ll go on all evening.

　　不要让他说话，不然他一谈就是一个晚上。

　　要点1　I believe...我认为……

　　【例题】 —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?

　　—______.

　　A. I don’t believe

　　B. I don’t believe it

　　C. I believe not so

　　D. I believe not

　　解析:believe引导的句子在省略的时候，否定用not代替，肯定用so代替。

　　答案:D

　　

　　believe常用的句型有：

　　(1）It is believed that/People believe that/SB. believe that...

　　I believe they will arrive shortly.

　　我想他们马上就到。

　　(2）believe作“认为”讲时，后面的从句要否定转移到前面；在省略的时候，否定用not代替，肯定用so代替。

　　I don’t believe he can answer the question.

　　我相信他回答不了这个问题。

　　I don’t believe they would win the game.

　　我认为他们不会赢的。

　　Is he the best student in the class?

　　他是班上最聪明的学生吗？

　　I believe so.

　　我认为是的。

　　I believe not./I don’t believe so.

　　我认为不是的。