高考英语备考总复习：BookII Unit3《Art and architecture》知识搜索与探究归纳

　　高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳

　　Unit3 Art and architecture

　　 自助式复习板块

　　知识搜索

　　A. 单词

　　1.(总称)建筑物；建筑业；建筑风格(n.)________________

　　2.偏爱；喜好；优先(n.) ________________

　　3.(总称)家具(n.) ________________

　　4.爱好；鉴赏力；味觉(n.) ________________

　　5.大建筑物；街区；大块(n.) ________________

　　6.房间；一套公寓(n.) ________________

　　7.风格；式样；文体(n.) ________________

　　8.走廊；段落(n.) ________________

　　9.钢(n.) ________________

　　10.阳台(n.) ________________

　　11.(有看台的)体育场(n.) ________________

　　12.结构；构造；建筑物(n.) ________________

　　13.设计；计划(v.) ________________

　　14.建造；建设(v.) ________________

　　15.铭刻；给……极深的印象；使感动(v.) ________________

　　16.创造(v.) ________________

　　17.属于；是……的成员(v.) ________________

　　18.租用；出租(v.) ________________

　　19.忍受；接受；承担(v.) ________________

　　20.现代的；时髦的(adj.) _______________

　　21.方便的(adj.) _______________

　　22.具体的；有形的；实在的(adj.) _______________

　　23.不友好的；有敌意的(adj.) _______________

　　24.想像出来的；奇异的；荒诞的(adj.) _______________

　　25.丑陋的；难看的(adj.) _______________

　　26.不自然的；不正常的；出乎意料的(adj.) _______________

　　27.在旁边；在一边(adv.) ______________

　　28.不管；不顾；任凭(prep.) ______________

　　答案：1.architecture　2.preference　3.furniture　4.taste　5.block　6.apartment　7.style　

　　8.passage　9.steel　10.balcony 11.stadium12.structure　13.design14.construct　

　　15.impress　16. create 17.belong18.rent　19.stand　20.modern　21.convenient　

　　22. concrete

　　23.unfriendly24.fantastic　25.ugly26.unnatural27.aside　

　　28. despite

　　B. 短语

　　29.用……装满 30.属于；是……的成员 31.把……置于一旁；留出；拨出 32.一栋公寓 33.以不同的风格 34.违背了人们的审美观 people’s feeling of beauty

　　35.在材料的选择上 of materials

　　36.更接近自然 much ________ _______nature

　　37.798厂的新生 Factory 798

　　38.推倒 39.对建筑而言in architecture

　　40.不同尺寸的车间 workshops 29.fill up with　30.belong to31.set aside32.a block of apartment　

　　33.in different styles　34.go against

　　35.in the choice

　　36.stand,closer to 　

　　37.a second life for　38. pull down 39.the case of 40. of different sizesC. 句型

　　41. I prefer living in a modern flat to living in a traditional house. →I______ _______ live in a modern flat _______ live in a traditional house.

　　42. She talked with the appearance that nothing had happened.

　　→______ ______ _______ ______ nothing had happened according to her appearance when she talked. 

　　43. Tom likes dancing. Jack likes singing. → Tom likes dancing _______ Jack likes singing.

　　44.鸟巢之于鸟就像房子之于人。A nest a bird______ a house is______ _______ .

　　答案：41.would rather，than　42.It looks as if　43.while　44.is to; what; to a man.D. 语法

　　45. On arriving at the station, he found his hometown greatly __________(change).

　　46. When I looked back, I saw the girl _________(get) on the tractor.

　　47. Tom had his leg________ (break) in the accident and is now in hospital.

　　48. Tom is a humorous person. Yesterday he had us_______ (laugh) all the way back home.

　　49. I must get the curtains________ (wash).

　　答案：45.changed　46.getting　47. broken 48.laughing49.washed

　　要点1　impress

　　【例题】 My father impressed me the value of hard work.

　　A. atB. withC. onD. for

　　解析:impress sth. on s. “使某人铭记某事”。

　　答案:C

　　

　　(1) impress v. 给某人深刻印象；使某人钦佩而起敬impress s. with sth./be impressed with/by

　　Wrote down whatever impressed me during the journey.

　　记下旅行过程中使我感动的所有事物。

　　He was impressed by/with the child’s sincerity.

　　他被那孩子的诚挚所感动。

　　使某人铭记；使某人深深意识到

　　His words impressed themselves on my memory.

　　他的话铭刻在我的记忆里。

　　(2)名词形式是impression

　　impression on sb.

　　对某人的印象

　　His first speech made a strong impression on his audience.

　　他的第一次演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。

　　impression of sth./doing/that (不清晰的)看法，感觉

　　My general impression was that he is a pleasant man.

　　我总的印象是他似乎很和蔼可亲。

　　be under the impression that...有某种(常是错误的)想法

　　I was under the impression that she was the manager.

　　我以为她是经理呢。

　　first impression 第一印象

　　要点2　style

　　【例题】 Did they live European style when they were in Japan?

　　A. in

　　B. on

　　C. with

　　D. to

　　解析:in...style “以……方式”。句意为“他们在日本是以欧洲的生活方式生活的吗？”

　　答案:A

　　

　　(1)n. 风格，文风

　　styles of architecture建筑的各种风格

　　She is a very popular writer but I don’t like her style.

　　她是位很受欢迎的作家，但是我不喜欢她的风格。

　　行为方式，作风

　　I can’t ask man out. It is not my style.

　　我不能主动约男生出去，这不是我的风格。

　　（服装等）款式；流行式样

　　the latest styles in trousers

　　裤子的最新式样

　　70’s styles look very odd today.

　　70年代流行的款式现在看起来很奇怪。

　　式样，花样

　　a very short hair style 很短的发型

　　(2)相关短语

　　in style别具风格地,时髦地;很成功地

　　in...style 以……风格

　　live in style 过豪华生活

　　out of style 不时髦的,不时新的

　　要点3　despite

　　【例题】 One should remain modest one’s achievements.

　　A. because of

　　B. although

　　C. despite

　　D. except for

　　解析:句意为“就算有了成就，一个人也要保持谦虚”。because of因为；although是连词，不跟名词。despite“尽管”；except for“除了”。

　　答案:C

　　

　　despite “不管，尽管，任凭”，为介词，后接名词或代词。

　　Despite wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letters.

　　她尽管很想再见到他，却不愿给他回信。

　　Despite all our effort to save the school, the mayor decided to close it.

　　尽管我们努力想挽救这个学校，市长还是决定关闭它。

　　She went on working despite the fact that the doctor had told her to rest.

　　尽管医生叫她休息，她还是继续工作。

　　despite=in spite of,有时相当于regardless of。

　　He does everything despite/in spite of/regardless of danger.

　　他做什么事都不怕危险。

　　although/though也有“虽然，尽管”之意，但它们是连词，可以接从句、形容词、过去分词、动词ing形式和介词短语等。

　　We understood him despite his strong accent/though he had a strong accent.

　　尽管他口音很重我们还是能听懂。

　　Although ill/Despite his illness, he came.

　　尽管他生病了，他还是来了。

　　要点1　belong to

　　【例题】In the boot John Hill the enemy found a short note.

　　A. belonged

　　B. belonged to

　　C. belonging

　　D. belonging to

　　解析:此题考查动词belong的用法。belong无被动语态，作定语，应使用v.ing形式。

　　答案:D

　　

　　belong“属于”，是不及物动词，经常与介词to搭配。

　　China belongs to the third world. 

　　中国属于第三世界。

　　Does this book belong to you?

　　这本书是你的吗?

　　She belongs to the tennis club.

　　她是网球俱乐部成员。

　　特别提示

　　belong是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。

　　短语belong to后面该接人或者某一方，不能接形容词性物主代词。

　　The bicycle belongs to my. (错误)

　　The bicycle belongs to me. (正确)

　　When the word is out，it belongs to another.

　　一言既出，驷马难追。

　　要点2　pull down

　　【例题】 We saw the houses in the street in order to make room for a large square.

　　A. pulled off

　　B. pulled up

　　C. pulled down

　　D. pulled in

　　解析:句意为“我们看街上的房子被拆了为了腾出空间来建一个大广场”。此题考查与pull有关的词条。pull off“脱；努力实现”；pull up“停下；阻止”；pull down“拆毁”；pull in“进站；靠岸”。

　　答案:C

　　

　　pull sth. down毁坏，拆毁

　　The old house is dangerous and will be pulled down.

　　这个老房子很危险，将要被拆掉了。

　　表示拆毁的还有tear down/knock down

　　It’s time some of these old apartment blocks were torn down.

　　这些旧公寓是该拆的时候。

　　We knocked down one of walls to make a bigger kitchen.

　　为了建个大厨房我们拆了一面墙。

　　要点1　It looks as if...

　　【例题】 (经典回放)

　　—Look! It looks as if it _______going to rain.　We must hurry.

　　A. was

　　B. is

　　C. were

　　D. will be

　　解析:这道题看似是对时态的考查，其实是对It looks as if...句式的考查。在表示事情发生的可能性较大时，用陈述语气。

　　答案:B

　　

　　(1)as if/though“就像……似的，似乎，仿佛”，用于方式状语从句和表语从句。

　　当说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测时，要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反，动词用过去完成式。

　　He passed the soldiers as if they didn’t exit.

　　他经过那些士兵，仿佛他们都不存在。

　　They talked as if they had been friends for years.

　　他们谈话时好像他们已经是多年的朋友一样。

　　当说话人要表达真实意思时，要用陈述语气。

　　The milk smells as if it is sour.

　　牛奶闻起来好像酸了。

　　It seems as if you are the first one here.

　　好像你是第一个来的。

　　特别提示

　　as if从句的时态不受主句支配，当主、从句同时，从句用一般过去时；当主、从句同时，并正在进行，用过去进行时；从句动作发生于主句之前，用过去完成时。

　　John is so strongly built that he looks as if he could lift an elephant.

　　约翰强壮得好像能举起一头大象。

　　He heard a noise, as if someone were breathing.

　　他听见一种好像人在呼吸的声音。

　　【例题】 He has never traveled in any big cities, but he talks about London as if he there.

　　A. has been

　　B. has gone

　　C. had been

　　D. had gone

　　解析:句意为“他从未去过大城市，但他谈论伦敦时就好像他去过那里了”。他没有去过伦敦所以用虚拟语气；去伦敦的动作发生在说话之前，所以用过去完成时。

　　答案:D

　　(2)as if 常常和look，seem，appear，taste，smell等词连用。

　　It looks/seems/appears as if表示看起来好像，但是我们可以用it seems/appears that，却不能用it looks that。

　　要点2　A is to B what C is to D

　　【例题】 (2010哈师附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学二模，28)Reading is to Tom

　　football is to other boys.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. as if

　　D. what 

　　解析:此题考查句式A is to B what C is to D。

　　答案:D

　　

　　A is to B what C is to D表示A对B而言正如C对D一样。这种结构往往用于比喻，意思是“犹如，好比”。

　　Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.

　　阅读对于思想如同锻炼对于身体一般重要。

　　Air is to us what water is to fish.

　　我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。

　　有时what从句也可放在句首。

　　What the leaves are to the forest the children are to the world. 

　　儿童之于世界，就像树叶之于森林一样。