高考英语基础巩固练习18（人教版必修2）

　　汉英翻译

　　1.着手

　　答案：go about2.坐下

　　答案：be seated/seat oneself/sit down

　　3.在……看来

　　答案：in the eyes of...

　　4.可怜……；怜惜……

　　答案：have mercy on...或show mercy to...

　　5.向某人宣判

　　答案：pass judgement on sb.

　　6.还是做某事的好；不如做某事

　　答案：may/might as well do sth.

　　7.撕毁；取消(合同等)

　　答案：tear up

　　8.偿还；报答；报复

　　答案：pay back

　　9.献出

　　答案：offer up

　　10.把……切成两半

　　答案：cut...in half/in two/in two pieces/into pieces

　　11.任……摆布；由……掌握

　　答案：at the mercy of

　　12.跪下

　　答案：go down on one’s knees

　　单项填空

　　1.I have

　　for the trick he played on me.

　　A.paid him back

　　B.picked him upC.seen him off

　　D.looked him down

　　解析：pay back意为“偿还；报复”。

　　答案：A

　　2.She is a kindhearted woman and often has

　　mercy

　　people who are in trouble.

　　A.a;onB./；on

　　C.a;to

　　D./；to

　　解析：have mercy on sb.是固定短语，意为“对……表示怜悯”。

　　答案：B

　　3.How I

　　him the pleasures he had during the vacation!

　　A.envy

　　B.admire

　　C.appreciate

　　D.enjoy

　　解析：envy sb.sth.是习惯表达，这时envy后接双宾语，其他三个选项无此用法。

　　答案：A

　　4.—Do you still have the receipt,madam?

　　—No,I’m afraid I’ve

　　A.torn it off

　　B.torn it down

　　C.torn it up

　　D.torn it away

　　解析：tear up意为“撕碎，撕毁，毁掉”。

　　答案：C

　　5.She was angry at being

　　the opportunity to see me.

　　A.refused

　　B.denied

　　C.rejected

　　D.deserted

　　解析：此处deny意为“拒不给予，阻止……获得”，常用结构为doing sb. sth.。句意为“没给她来看望我的机会，她很生气。”be denied the opportunity意为“没有得到……的机会”。答案：B

　　6.The slave owner ordered the slaves to go down

　　when he walked by.

　　A.on their knees

　　B.on their knee

　　C.to their knees

　　D.to their knee

　　解析：go down on one’s knees是固定短语，意为“屈膝，跪下”。

　　答案：A

　　7.Serious crime must be

　　by longer terms of imprisonment.

　　A.punished

　　B.scolded

　　C.criticized

　　D.praised

　　解析：本句意为“重罪须处以长期监禁的惩罚”,故选punish“惩罚”。scold“责备”，criticize“批评”，二者的语气在句中太轻，可排除；praise“表扬”，与句意不符。

　　答案：A

　　8.After the trial,the judge passed judgement

　　her and she was sentenced

　　3 years in prison.

　　A.to;to

　　B.on;on

　　C.on;to

　　D.to;on

　　解析：pass judgement on意为“对……宣判”，sentence sb.to...意为“判某人……徒刑”。

　　答案：C

　　9.—Do you have any new dictionaries?

　　—We’ve got

　　at the moment.

　　A.no one

　　B.not one

　　C.none

　　D.neither

　　解析：句意为“我们现在一本新词典也没有”，none代指no new dictionary。

　　答案：C

　　10.They spent three months at

　　sea before they went on

　　shore.

　　A.the;the

　　B./；/

　　C.the;/

　　D./；the

　　解析：at sea意为“在海上航行”，go on shore意为“上岸”。

　　答案：B

　　11.Candidates

　　remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

　　A.should

　　B.may

　　C.must

　　D.shall

　　解析：句意为“所有试卷收齐后应试人才能离开座位”。shall可以用来表示说话人的意愿，有“指示，命令”，常用于通知、告示、法律、规定、文件等较正式而庄重的文件中。

　　答案：D

　　12.His theory was so

　　that few people could understand it at that time.

　　A.complete

　　B.complex

　　C.curious

　　D.content

　　解析：他的理论太复杂（complex），当时没人能看懂。

　　答案：B

　　13.I should like to rent a house,modern,comfortable and

　　near a park.

　　A.all in all

　　B.above all

　　C.after all

　　D.in all

　　解析：本题属短语辨析题。all in all意为“总之”，above all意为“最重要的是”，after all意为“毕竟”，in all意为“总计”。句中的modern,comfortable和near a park是三个并列的条件,故用above all合适。:Z,xx,k.Com]

　　答案：B

　　14.I will go abroad

　　that my husband goes with me.

　　A.in condition

　　B.in no condition

　　C.on condition

　　D.on conditions

　　解析：on condition that是固定短语,意为“在……条件下，如果”，句意为“我出国的条件是我丈夫必须同行”。A、D两项为错误表达；in no condition意为“决不”，与句意不符。

　　答案： C

　　15.It’s useless

　　to persuade him to get rid of that habit;he just can’t make .

　　A.trying;it

　　B.to try;that

　　C.trying;that

　　D.in trying;it

　　解析：it’s useless doing sth.意为“做某事没用”，make it意为“做到”。

　　答案：A

　　介词、副词填空

　　1.Portia asked Shylock to have mercy

　　Antonio but he kept his side

　　the bargain.

　　答案：on;of

　　2.Shylock insisted

　　having a pound of flesh to be cut

　　nearest to Antonio’s heart.

　　答案：on;off

　　3.Antonio said he would pay Shylock

　　all his heart.

　　答案：back with

　　4.Portia asked Shylock to go down

　　his knees to beg

　　mercy.

　　答案：on;for

　　5.Shylock must promise to leave the money

　　his death

　　his daughter.

　　答案：upon;to

　　6.You might as

　　go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.

　　答案：well

　　7.Pass judgment

　　me and give Shylock what he wants.

　　答案：on

　　8.Shylock,how can you hope

　　mercy yourself when you show none?

　　答案：for

　　9.Generally speaking,the farming crops here are still

　　the mercy of weather,

　　not

　　the farmers.

　　答案：at;of

　　10.Antonio,get ready and offer

　　your breast.

　　答案：up

　　句型转换

　　完成B句，使其与A句意思相同或相近。（每空一词）

　　1.A.Though nobody really likes Shylock,the Duke does not want to kill him.

　　B.

　　that nobody really likes Shylock,the Duke does not want to kill him.

　　答案：Despite the fact

　　2.A.There is no point in trying to argue with Shylock.

　　B.

　　to argue with Shylock.

　　答案：It’s useless trying

　　3.A.She pretended to be a judge.

　　B.She

　　a judge.

　　答案：was dressed as

　　4.A.In my opinion,we can walk or take the bus there.

　　B.

　　I’m concerned,we can walk or take the bus there.

　　答案：As far as

　　5.A.For the sake of your own health,please quit smoking.

　　B.

　　keep yourself healthy,you’d better give up smoking.

　　答案：In order to

　　短语填空

　　at the mercy of　on one’s knees　go aboutbe seated　as far as　tear up　offer up　pay back　have mercy on　might just as well

　　1.I’ll

　　him

　　for making me look like a fool in front of everyone.

　　答案：pay;back

　　2.The king

　　no

　　the prisoners and killed them all.

　　答案：had;mercy on

　　3.Despite the threat of war,people

　　their business as usual.

　　答案：went about

　　4.

　　defense is concerned,we need to buy more sophisticated weapons.

　　答案：As far as

　　5.Ann

　　her boyfriend’s letter and threw it away.

　　答案：tore up

　　6.Having lost engine power,the sailors found themselves

　　the wind.

　　答案：at the mercy of

　　7.Eric got

　　and asked me to marry him.

　　答案：on his knees

　　8.The taxi was so slow we

　　have gone on the bus.

　　答案：might just as well

　　9.Please,

　　,ladies and gentlemen!This court is now in session.

　　答案：be seated

　　10.A calf was

　　as a sacrifice to the goddess.

　　答案：offered up

　　单句改错

　　下列句子均有一处错误（或多一词；或缺一词；或错一词），请找出并加以改正。

　　1.Sometimes people are in a position that they can make a decision about a person they hate.

　　答案：that→where

　　2.You might as well to go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.

　　答案：去掉to

　　3.Shylock,the world think that you should give up your cruel game.

　　答案：think→thinks

　　4.How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show neither?

　　答案：neither→none

　　5.If Shylock cuts deeply enough,I’ll pay him back with all my heart.

　　答案：deeply→deep

　　6.Antonio told him that all his ships were at the sea and he had no money at present.答案：去掉the

　　7.If you don’t let me have it,there will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more.

　　答案：there→that

　　8.Antonio lost all his ships and was unable to pay for the money he had borrowed on time.

　　答案：for→back

　　9.If anyone tries to murder any citizen of Venice,everything what he owns shall be taken away.

　　答案：what→that

　　10.When he went onto the stage,he couldn’t help feeling nervous on seeing so many teachers and students seating below.

　　答案：seating→seated

　　1.(2006浙江杭州摸底) You

　　get a wonderful toy as reward if you would like help do some housework.

　　A.shall

　　B.must　

　　C.may　

　　D.can

　　分析：本句意思是“如果你能帮着做点家务,我奖给你一个精美的礼物”。shall用于第二人称时,可表示允诺;而must,may,can均不可用于此处表示此义。作为情态动词,shall还可表示强制、命令等口气,又如课文中的一句话:The law of Venice says that...everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.

　　2.(2006江苏南京模拟) You are not physically strong,so you may

　　take care of your health.

　　A.so well

　　B.as well

　　C.well

　　D.good

　　分析：句意为“你体质太差,所以还是多注意点身体吧”。情态动词may可与well,as well搭配构成短语:may well意为“很可能”;may as well意为“不妨，还是……的好”。A、D两项明显不对,C项意思不当,故选B项。又如课文中的一句话:You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.

　　3.

　　I can see,there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.

　　A.As long as

　　B.As far as

　　C.Just as

　　D.Even if

　　分析：本题考查连接词的用法。as long as意为“只要”；as far as意为“远到；就某种程度或范围而言”，常构成as far as I know“据我所知，在我看来”，as far as I can see “我认为”等习语；just as 意为“就在……时”；even if意为“即使”。根据句意“在我看来，只有一种可行的办法来躲避这次危险”可知答案为B。

　　4.It’s not surprising that you are tired.

　　,you were up until 11 last night.

　　A.Instead

　　B.In fact

　　C.After all

　　D.What’s more

　　分析：本题考查副词和副词短语的意义辨析。instead意为“而，而是”，表示不是这样而是那样；in fact意为“事实上，实际上”，含有转折之意；after all意为“毕竟，究竟，到底”，用于导出原因；what’s more意为“另外，还有”，用于进一步说明。根据句意“你累了是没什么可奇怪的，毕竟你昨晚一直熬夜到11点”可知答案为C。答案：C

　　5.That’s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after

　　he’s done for you.

　　A.something

　　B.anything

　　C.all

　　D.that

　　分析：本题考查不定代词的用法。句意为“你爸爸为你做了这一切，你却说他的坏话，很不好”。he’s done for you是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰all。故答案为C。又如本单元课文中的一句话：Please forgive me for all I’ve said and done.

　　6. “The interest

　　be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.

　　A.may

　　B.should

　　C.must

　　D.shall

　　分析：本题考查情态动词的用法。句意为“法官宣布：’根据双方达成的协议，该股份应分成五份。’”情态动词shall有这样一种用法：用于法律、规则等条文中，意为“应……，须……，得……”。如：The fine shall be given in cash.罚款应以现金缴纳。另外，shall用于第二或第三人称，可表示“命令、承诺、威胁”等。其他三个选项均无此用法，故答案为D。又如本单元课文中的一句话：You wanted justice,so you shallget justice,more than you wanted.

　　7.In dealing with public relations,we should make every effort to prevent the

　　in personality.

　　A.contact

　　B.contrast

　　C.connection

　　D.conflict

　　分析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。contact意为“联系，关系”，contrast意为“对照，对比”，connection意为“联系，连接”，conflict意为“冲突，抵触”。根据句意“在处理公共关系时，我们应当尽一切努力来防止个性冲突”可知答案为D项。