语法精讲Word Formation:Compounds构词法:合成
合成:把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,有的用连字符号“”连接,有的直接连写在一起,还有的由分开的两个词构成,这种构词法叫合成。
1.合成名词的主要构成方式
(1)n.+n. classroom newspaper schoolboy
(2)adj.+n. blackboard greenhouse highway
(3)v.+n. chopstick
(4)adv.+n. overcoat
(5)v.+adv. breakdown gettogether
(6)n.+prep. sisterin-law editorin-chief
2.合成形容词的主要构成方式
(1)n.+adj. snowwhite worldwide
(2)adj.+adj. redhot
(3)adv.+adj. evergreen
(4)n.+doing/done manmade earthshaking
(5)adj.+doing/done readymade goodlooking
(6)adv.+doing/done wellinformed
(7)adv.+n. secondhand
(8)adj.+n.-ed whitehaired absentminded
(9)num.+n.-ed threehaired oneeyed
3.合成动词的主要构成方式
adv.+v.overcome overlook
4.合成副词的主要构成方式
adj.+n. meanwhile
prep.+n.beforehand
【考例1】 It is a _______ dog,16 or 17 inches tall from the shoulder.
A.middle size
B.middle-size
C.mid-sized
D.middle-sized
解析:middle-sized adj. “中等大小的”。
答案:D
【考例2】Walking and running are the oldest and the best excellent ________ exercise for all ages and fitness levels.
A.bodies-shaping
B.body-shape
C.bodies-shaped
D.body-shaping
解析:选项在句中作定语,且表示exercise的用途,指的是塑身的运动,故选用动词-ing形式。
答案:D
【考例3】If you go _________,you might find a stream.
A.downhill
B.downhills
C.down-hill
D.down-hills
解析:由句子结构可知,需要一个副词来修饰不及物动词go,故选择downhill。
答案:A
【考例4】 Films often present the image of a _________ and intelligent lawyer standing in court and winning arguments.
A.well-speak
B.well-speaking
C.well-spoken
D.well-talk
解析:spoken构成合成词时,表示“说话有……特点的”,与副词连用。
答案:C
To wind someone up 捉弄、惹恼某人
To have deep pockets 资金雄厚
A nest egg 储备金
Have your feet on the ground 脚踏实地
Dirt cheap 非常便宜
To be firing on all cylinders 状态绝佳
Spectacle, view, sight, vision, scene, scenery 几个词的区别
Talk nineteen to the dozen 说话很快,喋喋不休
Burn a hole in your pocket 一有钱就想花
日常英语:时尚潮流
日常英语:伦敦常识
Butterfly numbers drop a mystery, say experts 英国蝴蝶数量下降现象令专家费解
日常英语:办公用语
Under someone's thumb 受人控制
Work your socks off 拼命干活
Tasmanian devil milk fights superbugs 袋獾乳汁可对抗“超级细菌”
To be on the same wavelength 意气相投
Pay through the nose for something 出高价,花大价钱
To harp on about something 喋喋不休
To hit it off (with someone) 一见如故
At sixes and sevens 乱七八糟
Take the field 运动员登场,上场
Turn a blind eye 视而不见
Been to vs gone to 语法辨析
Lose one's shirt 输得一干二净
Dictionary and other words 与“词典”相关的近义词
At each other’s throats 唇枪舌战地争吵
So far 的用法
Is breast cancer linked to night shifts? 乳腺癌与上夜班有关系吗?
Football and soccer 两个词的区别
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