高中英语 语法精讲（Unit 20　Humour）人教版

　　语法精讲The -ing Form(1)—used as Attribute and Object Complement

　　动词-ing形式(1)——作定语和宾语补足语

　　动词-ing形式作定语

　　1.动名词作定语，说明被修饰词的性质和用途。

　　He has a reading room.

　　他有一个阅览室。

　　2.现在分词作定语，单个的放在所修饰名词前，分词短语放在所修饰名词后，其被动式一般只作后置定语。

　　This is a most interesting book.

　　Tell the boys playing there not to make any noise.

　　We must keep a secret of the things being discussed now.

　　动词-ing形式作宾语补足语

　　1.现在分词作宾补常用于下列动词之后：see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice,catch,leave,get等，表示动作正在进行，还没有结束；或者表示使一直处于某种状态/使一直做某事。

　　注意：当句子变成被动语态时，仍用现在分词，只是原来的宾补变成了主补。

　　We had the fire burning all night.

　　我们整夜都点着火。

　　He left,leaving the machine running.

　　他走了，机器却一直在转着。

　　I heard someone knocking at the door.Go and see who it was.

　　我听见有人在敲门，去看看是谁。

　　Tom was caught smoking in the workshop and was dismissed.

　　汤姆在车间抽烟的时候被发现，然后被解雇了。

　　2.现在分词还经常用于“with结构”中，充当with的宾语补足语。

　　With the old man leading the way,we had no trouble finding his house.

　　由那位老人带路，我们毫不费力地找到了他的家。

　　【考例1】(2006湖南高考，21)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.

　　A.covering

　　B.covered

　　C.cover

　　D.to cover

　　解析:本题考查非谓语动词作定语。因blanket与cover之间是主谓关系，因此应用现在分词作定语。答案:A

　　【考例2】(2006四川高考，27)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

　　—Yes,I’ve never been to ________ one before.

　　A. a more excited

　　B.the most excited

　　C.a more excitingD.the most exciting

　　解析:“否定词+比较级”表达最高级意义，“我以前从没有参加过比这更好的派对(这是我参加过的最好的派对)”。

　　答案:C

　　【考例3】The cook was fired immediately when he was found ________ in the kitchen.

　　A.smoke

　　B.smoking

　　C.to smoke

　　D.smoked

　　解析:选项在句中作主语补足语，且与主语之间为主动关系，故应使用动词-ing形式。

　　答案:B

　　【考例4】The students completed their task in advance with the expert ________ them.

　　A.help

　　B.helps

　　C.helped

　　D.helping

　　解析:选项在句中充当with的宾语补足语，与宾语expert之间为主动关系，故应使用现在分词。

　　答案:D