2017英语考前冲刺Ⅲ专题07 非谓语动词

　　【高考预测】

　　1.非谓语动词的类别和句法功能

　　非谓语动词的时态和语态

　　非谓语动词的固定搭配非谓语动词逻辑主语的表达形式和否定形式

　　非谓语动词是历年高考考查的重点和热点。然而从对近几年的高考题分析来看，命题者更趋向于对非谓语动词和谓语动词的选择的考查。一来可以考查到学生掌握非谓语动词的用法,同时也可以考查到句式结构，也就是运用语言的能力了。今后的试题中应该还是热点。请看典型例题典型例题题的考查情况。

　　【易错点点睛】

　　易错点点睛 1

　　非谓语动词类别和句法功能

　　1.(2017精选模拟)I think you’ll grow

　　him when you know him better.

　　A.liking

　　B.to be like

　　C.to like

　　D.to be liking

　　【错误解答】

　　A

　　【错解分析】 动词grow有“达到做某事的程度或地步”的含义，后面常接不定式。按照前，则用动名词的完成式。显然，这里不符合完成式的含义。

　　【正确解答】

　　D

　　3. The flowers

　　sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

　　A.to smell

　　B.smelling

　　C.smelt

　　D.to be smelt

　　【错误解答】

　　A

　　【错解分析】 从四个选项的设置来看，本题考查不定式和分词作定语的区别。分析题干可知，smell这里应当是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，所以不能用被动形式，可以排除C和D。主语出the flowers与非谓语动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，而且强调的是目前的状态，现在分词符合。

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　4. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob,

　　out of the window.

　　A.looking

　　B.to look

　　C.looked

　　D.having looked

　　【错误解答】

　　D

　　【错解分析】 句意是Bob说话时的伴随动作，那么是现在分词用作伴随状语了。此时6.(2017精选模拟) The repair cost a lot, but it’s money well

　　.

　　A. to spend

　　B. spent

　　C. being spent

　　D. spending

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　【错解分析】 前文意为:修理花了很多钱。表明动作已经发生，过去分词作定有完成被动的含义。

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　【特别提醒】

　　非谓语动词句法功能的注意事项:

　　◆不定式

　　1.介词后的动词不定式只限于作介词except和but的宾语，此时except／but意为“除了，除去”。其主要搭配有:

　　can but + 动词原形;只能、只得……

　　cannot help(choose)but + 动词原形:……不能不……

　　do nothing but + 动词原形:只做……

　　There is nothing to do but + 动词原形: ……只有做……

　　have no choice but to do:只有做……

　　例如:

　　The last bus having gone, I could do nothing but go home on foot. (省略 to)

　　I cannot choose but tell him the truth. (省略 to)

　　She could do nothing but leave. (省略 to)

　　I have no choice but to cry. (不能省略to)

　　2.不定式在使役动词have，let，make以及感官动词see，look at，watch，notice，observe，hear， listen to，feel后的宾补，不定式符号要省略，但这些句子变为被动结构时，就必须 He is not a man to tell lies. ( 主谓关系 )

　　There will not be enough space to stand in on the earth. ( 动宾关系 )

　　Here is some paper for you to write on.

　　The boy has a nice pen to write with.

　　We found a way to solve this problem (in).

　　通常使用不定式作定语的情况有:(1)不定式表示将来；(2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或shall，should， would，can，must，could等情态动词。例如:

　　He sat down to have a rest. (表目的 )

　　He woke up to find everybody gone. (表结果)

　　I’m very pleased to hear from him. (表原因，主要是表示喜、怒、哀、乐)

　　To look at him, you can’t help laughing. (表条件，谓语动词含有can)

　　He was too excited not to say a word. (表程度)

　　He is old enough to go to school. (表程度)

　　◆过去分词、不定式和现在分词的被动式作定语的区别:

　　这三种形式作定语，主要是体现在动作发生的时间上的区别。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前或是没有一定的时间性；现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。例如:

　　The bridge to be built is named Stone in honor of the hero. (将要修建的)

　　The bridge being built is named Stone in honor of the hero. (正大修建的)

　　The bridge built is named Stone in honor of the hero. (己经修建了的)

　　Have you read the novel written by Dickens?

　　He is a teacher loved anti respected by all students. (没有时间性)

　　Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the young men. (表正在)

　　The question to be discussed at the Sunday meeting is very important. (表将来)

　　在英语中，表示“感觉状态”的动词现在分词和过去分词形式作表语和定语时，现在意:make不能接现在分词作宾补。

　　例如:

　　I heard her sing a Chinese song jut now.

　　(表示主动，完成)

　　I heard her singing a Chinese song when I passed by her room last night. (表示正在进行)

　　I heard the Chinese song sung many times. (表示被动)

　　The captain got/have the soldiers moving to ward the front after a short rest. ( 不能用make)

　　I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (表示状态)

　　I was surprised to find my hometown changed a lot. (表示完成)

　　2.动词leave后接三种形式作宾补时，表达的具体含义是“使……处于某种状态”。例如:

　　It is wrong for you to leave the machine running. (主动，正在进行)

　　The guests left most of the dishes untouched. ( 被动，完成)

　　My workmate left, leaving me to do all the rest work. (主动，将来)

　　My workmate left, leaving all the rest work to be done. (被动，将来)

　　◆过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别:

　　1.一般来说，过去分词表示被动完成的动作，现在分词表示主动进行的动作。例如:

　　Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like a man.

　　Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown.

　　2.现在分词的被动一般式表示正在进行的被动动作，过去分词表示被动完成的动作。独立主格结构是分词短语意义上的逻辑主语，通常由名词或代词来充当，放在分词之前。因为没有实际的主语和谓语，独立主格结构不是句子，一般放在句首或句末，充当时间、原因、方式等状语。例如:

　　Winter having come, it’s getting colder and colder.

　　The homework finished,the child went home.

　　His leg badiy hurt,he had to stay in bed.

　　Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace.

　　She lay against the wall,the sun shinning upon her.

　　从例句可以看出，独立主格结构中分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语是两个不同的人或物，因此，分词前的名词或代词不能省略。

　　独立主格结构也可以由“with／without + 名词或代词 + 分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语”构成。例如:

　　The boy stared at the teacher, with his mouth opon.

　　With his parents away, the boy became naughtier.

　　The teacher came into the classroom,with a book in her hand ( = book in hand).

　　She sat still, with her eyes closed. ( 被动,状态)

　　She sat still, with her eyes looking at the ceiling. (主动,正在)

　　With you to help me , I could do it better. (主动，将来)

　　With a lot of problems settled , the mayor went to have a holiday. (被动，完成)

　　With a lot of problems to be settled , the mayor has a hard time. (被动,将来)

　　◆垂悬分词作状语

　　垂悬分词是现在分词一种特殊用法，其逻辑主语是句子非主语部分中指人或物的某一名词或代词，或泛指“我们”。例如:

　　Searching along the street, it had taken him along time to find a clinic. ( searching 的逻辑主语是句中him 所指的人)

　　Walking or sleeping, this subject is always in my mind. (walking or sleeping 的逻辑主语是A. hearing

　　B. to hear

　　C. heard

　　D. to hearing

　　答案: B

　　解析:be pleased to do sth.

　　4

　　—I’ll thank you __ my affairs alone.

　　—I will. It is none of my business.

　　A. to have left

　　B. for leaving

　　C. to leave

　　D. for having left

　　答案: C

　　解析:这里不是thank you for(doing)sth.结构，是谢谢的前提。

　　易错点点睛 2 非谓语动词的时态和语态

　　1.—Is Bob still performing?

　　—I’m afraid not. He is said __ the stage already as he has become an official.

　　A. to have left

　　B. to leave

　　C. to have been left

　　D. to be left

　　【错误解答】

　　C或B

　　【错解分析】 从句意判断，动作leave后有already修饰，应当用完成式；其逻辑主

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　3.(2017精选模拟) I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year.

　　A. follows

　　B. followed

　　C. to follow

　　D. being followed

　　【错误解答】

　　A

　　【错解分析】 本题很容易误选A，把它动作谓语动词。句意是“今天我送你100美元，这里the news repoaers与tell之间是被动关系，所以不定式中用被动形式。

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　5.(2017精选模拟) The old man,__ abroad for twenty, years, is on the way back to his motherland.

　　A. to work

　　B. working

　　C. to have worked

　　D. having worked

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　【错解分析】 根据后面on the way back的提示，可以知道work这一动作已经结束，and animals not found in

　　any other country in the world.

　　A. Being separated

　　B. Having separated

　　C. Having been separated

　　D. To be separated

　　【错误解答】

　　A或B

　　【错解分析】 从题意看，澳大利亚与其他大陆分开有很多年了，动作发生在谓语动如:

　　I haven’t got a key to unlock the door.(to unlock the door的逻辑主语是a key)

　　(2)不定式所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和主语构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。例如:

　　I haven’t got a book to read．(I为不定式的逻辑主语，a book为不定式的逻辑宾语)

　　(3)不定式作宾语形容词的状语，和句中的主语构成了逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式多用主动，实际上形容词后省略了for one或for people。例如：

　　The book is difficult (for me) to understand.

　　He is hard ( for me) to work with.

　　(4)在there be结构中，如果考虑必须有人去完成某事时，用主动；如果强调事情本身【变式探究】

　　1

　　There is no doubt that hiking is good for the retired couple, but it remains

　　whether they will enjoy it.

　　A. to see

　　B. seeing

　　C. to be seen

　　D. seen

　　答案: C

　　解析:不定式和逻辑主语是被动关系。

　　2

　　__ in 1963,and

　　in Philadelphia,Charles Petti grew so impressed his teachers that he was sent to Barklee School to study Jazz.

　　A. Being born; having raised

　　B. Bom; raised

　　C. Was born; was raised

　　D. Born; raising

　　答案: B

　　解析:没有强调时间的先后。

　　3

　　—I regret

　　you John has been fired.

　　—I

　　can

　　hardly

　　believed

　　my

　　ears.

　　He

　　is

　　such

　　a

　　fine worker

　　A. telling

　　B. having told

　　C. to tell

　　D. to have told

　　答案: C

　　解析:在谓语动作之后发生。

　　4

　　—Manager, do you have something __ at this moment?

　　—No, thanks. I’ll call you if any.

　　A. to be typed

　　B. to type

　　C. typing

　　D. typed

　　答案: A

　　解析:强调事情本身必须完成。

　　易错点点睛 3 非谓语动词的固定搭配

　　1.(典型例题庆)—What should I do with this passage?

　　—___ to the main idea of each paragraph.

　　A. Finding out

　　B. Found out

　　C. Find out

　　D. To find out

　　【错误解答】

　　D

　　【错解分析】 如果理解成表示目的的不定式就会误选D。根据语境是回答对方的问题 【正确解答】

　　C

　　3.(2017精选模拟)My advisor encouraged __ a summer course to improve my writing skills.

　　A. for me taking

　　B. me taking

　　C. for me to take

　　D. me to take

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　有困难”。

　　【正确解答】

　　D

　　5. He looked around and caught a man_____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

　　A. put

　　B. to be putting

　　C. to put

　　D. putting

　　【错误解答】

　　A

　　【错解分析】 习惯用语catch somebody doing something意为“偶然撞见某人正在做某事”。

　　2.下列动词或动词短语后面能接动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：

　　forget／remember／regret to do忘记／记住／后悔去做某事

　　forget／remember／regret doing忘记／记得／后悔已经做过某事

　　stop to do停下来接着做另一件事stop doing停止做一件事

　　mean to do意欲、企图做某事mean doing意味着做某事

　　go on to do做完某事接着做另一件事go on doing继续做同一件事

　　try to do努力、试图做某事try doing尝试着做某事

　　3.有些短语作状语是固定结构:

　　judging from, generally/ frankly/ honestly/ strictly speaking, considering (that)... (考虑到……), supposing/

　　providing (that)...

　　(假如……),seeing ( that )... (既然,由于……) , to tell you the truth, to make things worse,to begin with

　　(首先，第一)。例如:

　　Judging from his accent, he must be a southerner.

　　Tuning to the left, he saw a bus passing.

　　Considering everything, he did a good job.

　　Seeing (that) she is lawfully old enough to get married, I don’t see how you can stop her.

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　I lost my way in complete darkness and, __ matters worse, it began to rain.

　　A. made

　　B. having made

　　C. making

　　D. to make

　　答案: D

　　解析:to make matters worse是固定搭配，意为“情况更糟糕的是”。

　　2

　　The result was not made

　　until last Sunday.

　　A. to know

　　B. knowing

　　C. known

　　D. to be known

　　答案: C

　　易错点点睛 4

　　非谓语动词逻辑主语的表达形式和否定形式

　　1.I really can’t understand __ her like that.

　　A. you treat

　　B. you to treat

　　C. why treat

　　D. you treating

　　【错误解答】

　　A或B

　　【错解分析】 本题题干相当于I

　　really

　　can’t understand why you treated

　　her like 主语的关系，排除B；句意是“没有完成编程”的动作发生在have to stay动作之前，所以用完成式

　　【正确解答】

　　C

　　3.Victor apologized for __ to in form me of the change in the plan.

　　A. his being not able

　　B. him not to be able

　　C. his not being able

　　D. him to be not able

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　【错解分析】 动名词的否定形式是由not+动名词构成的，动名词的复合结构由物主

　　Would you mind me/ my opening the window?(宾语)

　　They ali thought Tom’s/ Tom going there a great mistake. (宾语)

　　Is there any hope of their team winning the game? (无生命)

　　【特别提醒】

　　非谓语动词的逻辑主语也就是非谓语动词的动作执行者。在不定式中，逻辑主语是of或for的 介词宾语，或是句子的主语，或是句子的宾语。

　　例如:

　　It is important for us to work hard.(to work is important.只能用for)

　　It is kind of you to help me to clean the room.(you are kind.只能用of)

　　We want to go with you to have a picnic.

　　Little Tom liked to be taken to the cinema.

　　I want the report to be typed as quickly as possible.

　　The manager asked me to type the report as quickly as possible.

　　动名词的复合结构在句中作主语时，其逻辑主语必须是形容词性物主代词或名词的所有格；作宾语、表语时，其逻辑主语是形容词性物主代词、人称代词、名词的所有格或普通格；无生命名词或有生命的名词表示泛指时，必须用名词的普通格或人称代词的宾格。例如：

　　Tom’s coming surprised all of us (主语)

　　His not attending the meeting made the manager very angry.(主语)

　　Would you mind me/my opening the window?(宾语)

　　They all thought Tom’s /Tom going there a great mistake.(宾语)

　　Is there any hope of their team winning the game ?(无生命)

　　I have never heard of women landing the moon.(有生命，但表泛指)

　　分词作状语时，其逻辑主语和主句的主语是一致的，如果不同则要用到独立主格结构形式(见上文)。

　　例如:

　　Being a student, you must study hard.

　　When crossing the streets you must be careful.

　　If heated to high temperature, ice can change into water.

　　3

　　__ a replay, he decided to write again.

　　A. Not receiving

　　B. Receiving not

　　C. Not having received

　　D. Having not received

　　答案: C

　　解析:不定式和动名词的否定是对整体的否定，所以否定词在之前。

　　【难点突破】

　　非谓语动词是历年高考考查的重点和热点。然而从对近几年的高考题分析来看，命题者更趋向于对非谓语动词和谓语动词的选择的考查。一来可以考查到学生掌握非谓语动词的用法，同时也可以考查到句式结构，也就是运用语言的能力了。今后的试题中应该还是热点。请看 典型例题典型例题题的考查情况。

　　1 __ in a white uniform , he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

　　A. Dressed

　　B. To dress

　　C. Dressing

　　D. Having dressed

　　【解析】 非谓语动词所暗含的主语是he，相当于状语从句When he is dressed in a white unifonn，因此填系表结构dressed．

　　【答案】 A

　　2.The storm left,

　　a lot of damage to this area.

　　A. cansed

　　B. to have caused

　　C. to cause D. having caused

　　【答案】 A

　　5.—English has a large vocabulary, hash’t it?

　　—Yes.

　　_ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

　　A. Know

　　B. Knowing

　　C. To know

　　D. Known

　　【解析】 现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状态。

　　【答案】 B

　　6.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage

　　the gift and took her away, __ into the woods.

　　A. seizing... disappeared

　　B. seized... disappeared

　　C. seizing... disappearing

　　D. seized... disappearing

　　【解析】 由and连接两个或两个以上的并列结构时形式上要一致，即seized the girl and took her away要一致，所以先排除A和巴后面的动词应用非谓语动词形式出现表示结果。

　　【答案】 D

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　If the project __ by the end of this year is delayed, the construction will be fined.

　　A. to be completed

　　B. is completed

　　C. being completing

　　D. completed

　　答案: A

　　解析:这里是非谓语动词。不定式作定语表示将来。

　　2

　　—We do hope we can be of some help, doctor.

　　—That’s great! ___ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.

　　A. Give

　　B. To give

　　C. Giving

　　D. Given

　　答案: A

　　11 p.m.

　　A. staying out

　　B. stay out

　　C. from staying out

　　D. to stay out

　　答案: D

　　解析:只是forbid sb.to do的被动结构，unless从句插入其中。

　　2

　　When you have finished reading the novel, you will tlnd the hero

　　A. a person too perfect to be not true

　　B. a too perfect person to be true

　　C. too perfect a person to be not true

　　D. too perfect a person to be true

　　答案: D

　　解析:考查“too+形容词+名词”的结构。

　　3

　　How close parents are to their children

　　a strong effect on the character of the children.

　　A. to have

　　B. has

　　C. having

　　D. have

　　答案: B

　　解析:how引导的是主语从句，故用谓语动词， 单数。

　　4

　　_ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.

　　A. If walking

　　B. When one is walking

　　C. To walk

　　D. Walking

　　答案: A

　　答案: C

　　解析:spend time in doing sth.变为强调句型来强调repairing.

　　8

　　Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone

　　to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns ont.

　　A. adding

　　B. to have added

　　C. to add

　　D. added

　　答案: D

　　解析:前半句所设空格是with引导的复合结构， phone与system是被动关系。

　　9

　　nice, the food was sold out soon.

　　A. Tasted

　　B. Tasting

　　C. To taste

　　D. Being tasted

　　答案: B

　　解析:nice是形容词，所以taste是连系动词，用现在分词。

　　10

　　Hearing the news, he rushed out, _ the book on the table and disappeared into the distance.

　　A. left; lain open

　　B. leaving; lying open

　　C. leaving; lie open

　　D. left; lay open

　　答案: B

　　解析:考查“leave+宾语+宾补”的结构。

　　11

　　Whom would you rather have __ to the market with you?

　　A. go

　　B. gone

　　C. going

　　D. to go

　　答案: A

　　解析:该句还原成：I would rather have Tom go with me.

　　12

　　Beading the instructive book, __

　　.

　　A. tears came to his eyes

　　B. his eyes were full of tears

　　C. he burst into tears

　　D. his eyes were filled with tears

　　答案: C

　　15

　　—Are you’sure __ the door before you left?

　　—Mum, not surely. We’d better go back to have a look.

　　A. of locking

　　B. to lock

　　C. to have locked

　　D. have locked

　　答案: C

　　解析:从后面的before you left可知be sure后应用不定式的完成式。

　　16

　　—It snowed heavily last night and there must be a lot of snow on Emei Mount.

　　—No, we found a little snow, as most of it seemed __ off the mountain.

　　A. to have blown

　　B. to have been blown

　　C. to be blowing

　　D. to be blown

　　答案: B

　　解析:动作在谓语动作之前，完成被动。

　　17

　　Only __ according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.

　　A. takings

　　B. taken

　　C. being taken

　　D. having been taken

　　答案: B

　　解析:作状语，与主语是被动关系，用过去分词。

　　18

　　That gas pipeline project,

　　in July 2220 and __in 典型例题ill be China’s longest 20

　　This is a disease that can result in total blindness if left

　　.

　　A. untreated

　　B. untreating

　　C. to be untreated

　　D. to untreat

　　答案: A

　　22

　　—Are all the tickets of the articles

　　in the content?

　　—Yes, all

　　.

　　A. listed; included

　　B. listing; includes

　　C. listed; including

　　D. being listed; being included

　　答案: A

　　解析:两处都表示被动，用过去分词。

　　23

　　Reading English in the morning seems to me a rule

　　.

　　A. to never break

　　B. never to be breaking

　　C. never to be broken

　　D. never to have broken

　　答案: C

　　解析:不定式做定语并且表示被动。

　　24

　　—Who told you the news?

　　—A man

　　himself Lao Zhang.

　　A. calling

　　B. called

　　C. call

　　D. to call

　　答案: A

　　答案: A

　　解析:第一空与sweating并列，第二空与 got up并列。

　　27

　　at the station when it got dark, the passengers found there were no buses

　　A. to be carried out

　　B. carried out

　　C. being carried out

　　D. carrying out

　　答案: C

　　29

　　—Have you received Jack’s plan?

　　—Yes, but I don’t think his plan is __

　　.

　　A. worth being considered

　　B. worthy to be considered

　　C. worthy of considering D. worth to be considered

　　答案: B

　　解析:考查worth／worthy的用法。

　　30

　　left before the deadline, it doesn’t seem likely that John will finish the job.

　　A. Though such a short time

　　B. Because such a short time

　　C. With such a short time D. s such a short time

　　答案: C

　　解析:with such a short time left短语在句中作状语……。

　　31

　　is a difficult habit to break.

　　A. Smoke

　　B. Smoked C. Smoking

　　D. To smoke

　　答案: C

　　答案: C

　　解析:be dressed up as...意为“装扮成……”。

　　34

　　I know nothing about __ in the army.

　　A. her having worked

　　B. for her to work

　　C. she working

　　D. her having been worked

　　答案: A

　　解析:动名词的复合形式和时态。

　　35

　　__

　　, we all went to each other’s home very happily.

　　A. We had said goodbye

　　B. Goodbye had been said

　　C. Goodbye having been said D. Saying goodbye

　　答案: C

　　解析:独立主格结构作状语。

　　36

　　Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only __ we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.

　　A. discovering which

　　B. discovering what

　　C. by discovering which

　　D. by discovering what

　　答案: D

　　解析:考查“only+状语”结构的用法，要部分倒装同时缺少宾语，所以用what.

　　37

　　Was it

　　the conference of the APEC that made Shanghai the focus of the world then?

　　A. holding

　　B. to hold

　　C. held

　　D. having held

　　答案: A

　　解析:强调句型强调句中的主语holding。

　　38

　　There was a terrible noise

　　the sudden bursts of light.

　　A. followed

　　B. following

　　C. to be followed

　　D. being followed

　　答案: B

　　解析:后置定语following与noise逻辑上是主谓关系。

　　39

　　__ football on the playground, the boys felt very happy.

　　A. Leaving playing

　　B. Left to play

　　C. Left playing

　　D. To leave playing

　　答案: C

　　解析:相当于状语从because the boys were left playing football on the

　　playground.

　　A. bring; lit

　　B. brought; lighted

　　C. carrying; lighted

　　D. taking; lighting

　　答案: C

　　解析:light的过去分词作定语时用lighted.

　　43

　　As soon as I entered Evan’s company I saw a board

　　“

　　to Evan’s”.

　　A. reads; Welcomed

　　B. written; To welcome

　　C. reading; Welcome

　　D. printed; Welcome

　　答案: C

　　解析:这里read表示“标明”，现在分词表主动；welcome用作形容词。

　　44

　　He let me repeat his instructions __ sure that I understand what was __ after he were away.

　　A. to make; to be done

　　B. making; doing C. to make; to do

　　D. making; to do

　　答案: C

　　A. spending

　　B. to spend

　　C. having spent

　　D. to have spent

　　答案: B

　　解析:这里表示enjoy doing sth.而不定式表示目的。

　　47

　　—My son failed to be accepted by the firm after the interview.

　　—Now that he wasn’t well prepared, he might as well

　　A. not try

　　B. not to have tried

　　C. not have tried

　　D. not to try

　　答案: C

　　解析:might as well do sth.表示“做某事到也无妨”，t叮的动作先于谓语动词的动作，用完成式。

　　48

　　New

　　ideas

　　sometimes

　　have

　　to

　　wait

　　for

　　years before

　　.

　　A. being fully accepted

　　B. fully accepted

　　C. fully accepting

　　D. fully being accepting

　　答案: A

　　解析:动名词的被动式作介词before的宾语，副词fully的位置在中间。

　　49

　　I must apologize for __ ahead of time.

　　A. letting you not to know

　　B. not letting you know

　　C. letting you know not

　　D. letting you not know

　　答案: B

　　解析:动名词短语的否定，所以not在letting 之前。

　　50

　　To read aloud the English text before breakfast seemed to me a rule

　　.

　　A. to never break

　　B. never to be breaking

　　C. never to have broken

　　D. never to be broken

　　答案: D

　　解析:a rule never to be broken意为“从未被打破的习惯。”

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从51—70各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

　　Not so long ago, if you avoided drinking water during a workout, you were considered tough. advise you do drink about two cups of water 15 minutes or so after you

　　63

　　exercising and the same amount every 15 minutes. In some types of exercise -running, for example—others encourage drinking a cup or two of water

　　64

　　the workout.

　　Don’t drink any more, experts say -too much fluid

　　makes

　　65

　　and exercise uncomfortable. In

　　66

　　continuous hot - weather exercise,

　　67

　　can sweat and

　　breathe away 1.8 kilograms of

　　68

　　an hour.

　　Drinking water does two things: restore some

　　69 and allows you to keep sweating so the skin can be kept

　　70

　　Doctors say drinking six or eight cups a day can help digestion.

　　51. A. discover

　　B. suggest

　　C. agree

　　D. fear

　　答案: D

　　解析:与上一句的consider相呼应，阐述前后两种不同的观点与看法。

　　52. A. thirsty

　　B. hungry

　　C. hot

　　D. tired

　　答案: C

　　解析:四个选项中“感觉口渴”与喝水的关系最密切，最直接。

　　53. A. labor

　　B. children

　　C. water

　　D. exercise

　　答案: D

　　解析:文中讲述饮水与运动的关系，这种观念的提出人应当是医生或运动专家。

　　54. A. else

　　B. instead

　　C. fresh

　　D. tasteful

　　答案: B

　　解析:or something为固定短语，意思是or something like that，如果用something else， 57. A. possible

　　B. unnecessary

　　C. difficult

　　D. right

　　答案: D

　　解析:本句意思是“漱漱口，保持口腔湿润是可 以的。”

　　58. A. but

　　B. then

　　C. therefore

　　D. though

　　答案: A

　　解析:与上句联系起来，“漱漱口就可以了，但如果喝水则会使运动员的速度慢下来。”

　　59. A. seldom

　　B. forever

　　C. usually

　　D. sometimes

　　答案: C

　　解析:现如今随着观念转变“通常”的做法。

　　60. A. allows

　　B. promises

　　C. forbids

　　D. guides

　　答案: A

　　解析:根据上下文的意思“允许他们这么做。”

　　61

　　A. couldn’t

　　B. wouldn’t

　　C. shouldn’t

　　D. mustn’t

　　答案: C

　　解析:对仅仅是做消遣运动的运动员来说，这些新的举措也应该保持。

　　62. A. teachers

　　B. parents

　　C. players

　　D. doctors

　　答案: D

　　63. A. stop

　　B. start

　　C. give up

　　D. begin with

　　答案: B

　　64. A. after

　　B. before

　　C. with

　　D. from

　　答案: C

　　解析:“伴随整个训练的始终”。

　　65. A. walking

　　B. breathing

　　C. swallowing

　　D. drinking

　　答案: B

　　解析:汗水被挥发掉。

　　69. A. sweat’

　　B. weight

　　C. breath

　　D. height

　　答案: B

　　解析:喝水不会增加你的身高(height)、呼吸或汗水(sweat)，只会增加体重。

　　70. A. Warm

　　B. strong

　　C. cool

　　D. safe

　　答案: C

　　解析:常识，不断地出汗，皮肤表面就能保持湿润而且凉爽。

　　Ⅲ．短文改错

　　此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号自，每一行做出判断；如无错误，在该行

　　Thanks very much for invite me to your birthday

　　71.

　　答案: invite改为inviting

　　party on Sunday. I’d like very much come but

　　72.

　　答案: come前加to

　　I had an examination on Monday morning. It is

　　73.

　　答案: had改为have

　　a very important exam but I can’t afford to

　　74.

　　答案: but改为and

　　fail it. I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading 75.

　　答案: 去掉all

　　and prepare for it. So I’m really sorry that

　　76.

　　答案: prepare 改为preparing

　　I won’t be able to come in this time. I hope you

　　77.

　　答案: 去掉in

　　can understand. I’ll take this chance to wish

　　78.

　　答案: 正确

　　you wonderful time on your birthday. Happy

　　79.

　　答案: wonderful前加a

　　birthday , Peter, and many happy return of the day!

　　80.

　　答案: return改为returns

　　Yours,

　　Li Ming