2017届高考英语1轮复习牛津译林江苏专版课件：M8 Unit 4《Films and film events》

　　6．强调句的否定转移：有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是“not…until…”句式的强调要特别注意。 He didn't realize his mistake until the teacher had told him. 变为： It wasn't until the teacher had told him that he realized his mistake.

　　直到老师告诉他他才意识到自己的错误。 1．如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态用It is…that。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态则用It was…that。有时be前可以使用表示推测的情态动词构成。 It is not everyone that can draw well. 不是每个人都能画得好的。 It was for his eyes that we asked him not to read in the sun. 我们是为他的眼睛着想才叫他不要在太阳下看书的。It must be Jack who let out the secret. 肯定是杰克泄露了秘密。 2．强调主语用人称代词主格，强调宾语用宾格。 It was I who gave you the book.(不用me) It was him that they telephoned.(强调宾语用宾格) 3．即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because要用that。 It was in Athens that the 2004 Olympic Games were held. 2004年奥运会是在雅典举行的。 4．如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。 It was from him, our English teacher, that we learned this English song. 我们从英语老师那学会了这首英文歌。 5．当被强调的是not…until…句型时，应将not置于until之前，主句由否定句改为肯定句。 We didn't recognize her until she took off her glasses. ⇒It was not until she took off her glasses that we recognized her.

　　注意与下面一句的区别：此句为not位于句首，要主谓倒装。 Not until she took off her glasses did we recognize her. 6．疑问句中的强调句型。 其一般疑问句形式是：Is/Was it＋被强调成分＋who/that 其特殊疑问句形式是：疑问词＋is/was＋被强调成分＋that… Was it in the classroom that the meeting was held? 会议是在教室里举行的吗？ Who was it that broke the vase? 是谁打碎了花瓶？ 7．与定语从句连用的强调句型。 Was it in the house where his grandfather once lived that they found the old picture? 他们是在他祖父曾经住过的房子里找到那张旧照片的吗？ — Where did you meet him? ——你在哪遇到他的？ — It was in the hotel where he stayed. ——在他住的旅馆里。(本句后省略了that I met him) 8．与其他状语从句的区别 It was at 7 o'clock that I arrived. (强调句型，强调时间状语at 7 o'clock ) It was 7 o'clock when I arrived.

　　(when时间状语从句。在7 o'clock前无介词at) 主要搞清楚的一点是：强调句型中去掉It is/was…that后仍然是一个完整的句子。而其他句型则不行。 9．英语中常用助动词do、does或did强调谓语。 He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn't find you.

　　他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。 1. — Was it under the tree ________ you were away talking to a friend?

　　— Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.

　　A. that

　　B. where

　　C. which

　　D. while D　此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题的最佳答案是D。做好此题的关键是正确理解句中 it 的用法和意思。从上下文的语境来看，句中的 it 应是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗？”“肯定是的，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。” 2. It was lack of money, not of effort, ________ defeated their plan.

　　A. which

　　B. as

　　C. that

　　D. what C　此题容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为一个 it was…that… 强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan这一强调句的认识和分析。 3. An awful accident ________， however, occur the other day.

　　A. does

　　B. did

　　C. has to

　　D. had to

　　B　此题正确答案应选B，句末的 the other day 意为“前几天”，所以句子应用过去时态，而选项D填进去不合题意。此句有两个难点：一是句中插有 however 一词，分散了同学们的注意力；二是所填选项B为许多同学所不熟悉的强调用法。 　in case of 万一 　in need of 需要 　in favor of 支持 　in honor of 纪念 　in search of 寻找 He wrote a letter to the manager __________________________________________ (为……辩护) her. in defence of There is a good chance that…，也可写成Chances are that…意为：很有可能…… Nowadays, if a film wins an award at Sundance, there is a good chance it will become famous! 现在如果一部电影能获得圣丹斯奖项，那它极有可能成名！ ◆If you cannot explain it in plain English, there is a good chance that you actually do not understand things with enough depth.

　　如果你没办法用简单的英文解释，很可能你理解得不够透彻。 ◆Chances are that change will cause few problems.

　　很有可能这样的变化将不会引起问题。　 ①There is much chance ________ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. 比尔很有希望及时从伤痛中恢复过来参加跑步比赛。 ①that ②If you live in the country or have ever visited there, ________ are that you have heard birds singing to welcome the new day. ②chances 1. D　考查动词辨析。句中的“a wider range of…”可知证据开始积累，故答案为D。本句意思是：医学证据开始积累，这表明这些新药比起在实验室里在动物身上所做的预测还有着更大范围的益处。operate 操作；运行； 做手术； strengthen 加强； approve 同意；赞成；批准； accumulate 积累；积聚。 1. Clinical evidence began to ______， suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.(2011·湖北)

　　A. operate

　　B. strengthen

　　C. approve

　　D. accumulate 2．— My teacher says she's canceling the class play. I just can't understand.

　　— ______. You were looking forward to it.(2011·福建)

　　A. It doesn't matter

　　B. It's very unwise of her

　　C. Don't worry about it

　　D. You must be disappointed 2. D　It doesn't matter.没关系，不要紧；It's very unwise of her.她很不明智；Don't worry about it.别担心；You must be disappointed.你肯定非常失望。由语境You were looking forward to it.“你一直盼着”而老师却要cancel it“取消它” 可知选择D项“你肯定非常失望”。 句意：“我老师说她要取消课堂剧。我就是不明白。”“你肯定非常失望。你一直盼着呢。” 怎样写好看图作文 怎样写好看图作文， 结合下面的题目略加叙述： 要求：假若下面图画中的学生就是你， 根据以下六幅图画， 用英语写一篇故事。 生词： calling card 名片

　　注意： 1．故事须包括所有图画的内容， 可以适当增加细节， 使故事连贯。 2．词数150左右。

　　我们可以分三步来写这个故事。

　　第一步：确定体裁。通过认真阅读所给的文字说明和参考词汇及画面， 我们可以确定， 命题者是要我们写一篇记叙文。要想确定体裁， 我们重点看一下第一和第五幅图， 看过第一幅图， 可以得到这样的信息：“我”在放学回家的路上捡到一个钱包。第五幅图提供的信息是：我把钱包还给了失主。因此， 我们可以作出判断， 命题者要我们写一个拾金不昧的故事， 属于记叙文的范畴。

　　第二步：确定主题。作文体裁确定之后， 紧接着就要确定主题。确定主题的时候， 我们应全面、深刻、细致地观察每一幅画面， 对每一幅画中的人物、情景进行缜密的分析研究， 从而获得全面准确的信息， 而后对这些信息进行处理加工， 最终得出作文的主题。通过第一步我们已经知道第一幅图说明的是：我在放学回家的路上捡到了一个钱包。第二幅图说明的是：我打开钱包， 发现里面有许多钱和一张名片。第三幅图：通过名片， 我知道了失主的名字、地址和电话号码。我马上用公共电话给失主打电话。 第四幅图：我在公共汽车站等候失主前来认领钱包。第五幅图：失主来了，我交还了钱包。第6幅图：失主拿出钱来酬谢我，我婉言谢绝。通过对这六幅图进行分析研究，我们可以得到以下信息：出题者提供给我们6幅图，让我们以第一人称叙述自己放学回家的途中捡到钱包，不为金钱所动， 主动把钱包还给失主的故事，从而讴歌我们社会年青一代所具有的拾金不昧的高尚品质。

　　第三步：编写提纲。要想写好一篇作文， 只是确定体裁、主题还是不够的。第三步也是非常重要的。看图写作的时候， 我们可以编写一份提纲， 也可以打个腹稿， 无论是编写提纲还是打腹稿， 一定要注意内容切题、要点齐全。

　　这个故事的提纲为：

　　(1)我放学回家

　　(2)我在323路公共汽车站附近捡到一个钱包

　　(3)我打开钱包

　　(4)钱包里有许多钱和一张名片

　　(5)我给失主打电话

　　(6)我在323路公共汽车站等候失主

　　(7)失主前来认领钱包

　　(8)失主表示感谢

　　提纲列好了， 还应当考虑怎样写才能有条有理、层次分明， 也就是段落的划分问题。段落的划分， 有关“我”的内容为第一段， 有关“失主”的内容为第二段， 即最后一段。

　　做完上面的事情之后， 我们就可以提笔写作了。写作的时候， 还应当注意语言要规范， 表达要准确。尽量选择自己最有把握的表达方式， 句子宜短不宜长， 应慎用分词或复合句。拿不准的， 可采取“回避”的办法， 在不改变原有意思的前提下， 改换另一种表达方式。要学会灵活运用语言， 切忌生搬硬套汉语的表达方式。为了使要点之间衔接得更紧密， 在适当的地方， 可以进行合理的想象。

　　One possible version:

　　One day, on my way home after school, I found a wallet near the No.323 Bus Stop.I opened the wallet and saw lots of money and a calling card in it.From the calling card I knew the owner's name, address and telephone number.So I went to the public telephone and called the owner.Then I waited at the bus stop.Before long the owner arrived, and I gave the wallet to her.

　　The owner was so thankful to me that she took out a 100­yuan­note to reward me.But I politely refused it and went back home. 根据下面两幅图画， 以“Laughter Is the Best Medicine”为题， 写一篇不少于120词的短文。 One possible version:

　　In our daily life, if we laugh more often we will feel happier and healthier because “laughter is the best medicine”.

　　From the pictures, we can see everyone seems quite happy. That is because laughter can really bring us a lot of benefits. First, laughter has a similar effect to physical exercise. Next, laughter is a kind of pain relief. When we laugh, we produce a kind of chemical materials in our body that helps us to relieve pain. In addition, laughter stimulates our immune system, preventing us from being infected by diseases.

　　Third, laughter improves our state of mind and affects our entire physical well beings. Each time we laugh, we feel better and more content. Finally, laughter helps to ease the tension between people. Sometimes when people are going to quarrel with each other for one reason or another, a humorous remark leading to laughter can help settle the argument. 强调

　　强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。广义的强调句型包括感叹句，“如此……以致”句型，含even(甚至)的句式，助动词对谓语动词的强调句型以及It's/was…that(who/whom)…等句型。狭义的强调句指的是It's/was…that(who/whom)…句型。 英语中常见的用来表示强调的句型有以下几种。 一、用助动词do, did, does强调谓语 用助动词do, did, does放在一般现在时和一般过去时的句子中动词原形前，以强调谓语。 He did tell all that had happened to him. 他确实把发生的事情都说了。 She does get up early. 她的确常起得很早。 Do be careful next time. 下次务必要小心。 二、用倒装句来强调以加强语气 Never have I seen such a wonderful film. 我从来没看过如此精彩的电影。 So hard did he study that he could easily pass the examination. 他那么努力才能轻易通过考试。 三、用 what来加强语气 He needs money. 他需要钱。 What he needs is money. 他所需要的是钱。 Learning and knowledge are important to us, but what is more important is a noble character. 学问和知识很重要，但更重要的是高尚的品格。 四、用in the world, on earth, at all等介词短语来表示强调，常用在疑问句中，与ever同义 What in the world are you doing in my car? 你究竟在我的车里做什么？ How on earth did she manage that? 她究竟怎么办到的呢？

　　Are you at all worried about the forecast? 对这项预报你不担点儿心吗？ If you ever visit London, you must come and stay with us.

　　你要是来伦敦，一定要到我们这来住住。 五、用It is /was…that来强调主语，宾语，状语 强调句型的构成是：It is (was) ＋ 被强调部分＋ that (who) ＋ 句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放在 It is (was) 之后，其他部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，可以由who代替that。 1.被强调的成分举例： 原句：Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday. 汤姆昨天在教室里找到了我的笔。 强调主语：It was Tom who / that found my pen in the classroom yesterday. 强调宾语：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday. 强调地点状语：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday. 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom. 2．强调句型的一般疑问式：直接把is或was提到it之前即可。 Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday? 3．强调句型的特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋ is (was) it ＋ that ＋句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。 Who was it that found your pen in the classroom yesterday? 4．that (who) 有时可以省略：这种强调句型中的that或who有时可以省略。 It was my brother (that / whom) you saw the other day. 你前几天看见的是我的兄弟。 5．强调原因状语从句要注意：若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈，符合强调句的目的。 As she got up late, she missed the first bus.变为： It was because she got up late that she missed the bus. 她起床迟了没有赶上汽车。 Unit 4 Films and film events 1、deliberately

　　adv. 故意地，不慌不忙地 ◆You have deliberately acted against my wishes.

　　你故意和我的想法对着干。 ◆She had deliberately shifted our relations.

　　她故意地改变了我们的关系。 deliberately, on purpose上述用作副词的词和词组均有“有意地、故意地”之意。 deliberately 指经过深思熟虑后而行事。 on purpose 侧重所作所为具有特殊目的。

　　She continued 　 to toss the books severally upon the floor.

　　她继续故意把书一本一本地往地上扔。 deliberately 2、 resemble v. 与……相似，像 ◆The brothers resemble each other in taste.

　　那对兄弟品味相似。

　　◆She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.

　　她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。

　　◆You resemble your mother very closely.

　　你非常像你的母亲。 resembles that of

　　The situation of stock market closely _____________ ten years ago.

　　股市的这种形势与10年前的十分相似。 3、 contrary

　　n. & adj. 相反的事实；相对应的；相反的

　　contrary to (用作介词) 违反(某事物)

　　on the contrary 与此相反，恰恰相反

　　to the contrary与此相反(的) ◆Your deeds are contrary to the traffic rules.

　　你的行为是和交通规则背道而驰的。 ◆It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it's rather beautiful.

　　我觉得它并不丑，恰恰相反，它挺美。 ◆I will continue to believe it until I get proof to the contrary.

　　我仍然相信这一点，除非能证明它与此相反。 opposite adj. 相反的，对面的，相对的 adv. 相反的，对面地 n. 对面，相反，对立物

　　opposite 多指位置、方向、性质、结果的不同。表示处于讲话人对面时放于名词后；表示一组相对事物中的一个时放在名词前。 the girl opposite对面的姑娘 live on the opposite side of the street 住在街的对面 还可以作介词，作介词时其后也可以加 to。 opposite the school 在学校的对面 ◆The shop opposite the street belongs to me.

　　街对面的商店是我经营的。 ◆He smiled and sat down opposite to her.

　　他微笑着坐在她的对面。 Contrary to

　　____________ what I had thought, the company's atmosphere was not easy and enjoyable at all.

　　与我原先的想法相反的是，这家公司的气氛一点都不轻松愉快。

　　4、 disappoint v. 使失望， 使破灭 ◆The result disappointed him.

　　结果使他失望。 ◆I'm sorry to disappoint your plans.

　　我很抱歉妨碍了你的计划。 ◆I am sorry to disappoint your expectations.

　　我很抱歉使你的希望落空。

　　disappointing adj. 令人失望的，扫兴的 (指物)

　　　a disappointing novel 令人失望的小说 　disappointed adj. 感到失望的

　　(指人) 　disappointment n. 失望 　disappointedly; disappointingly adv. 令人失望地 ◆Disappointingly, he had nothing new to show us.

　　他没什么新鲜东西给我们看， 使人感到失望。 is bound to disappoint Her decision to cancel the concert her fans. 她决定取消这场音乐会，肯定会使她的歌迷失望。 1、 as long as 只要，如果(＝ so long as)(引导条件状语从句)；既然；长达…… ◆You may use the room as you like, as long as you clean it afterward.

　　只要你过后打扫干净，你可以随意使用这间房。 ◆As long as you are going to the post office, you can do something for me.

　　如果你去邮局，就帮我做点事情。 ◆He waited for as long as a month, but she didn't turn up.

　　他等了一个月那么久，但她没有出现。 (1) as long as… 与……一样长 ◆I don't believe this river is as long as that one.

　　我认为这条河不与那条河一样长。 (2) 常见的引导条件状语从句的词还有：if, unless, in case, on condition that, provided, providing, suppose, supposing等。 The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ______ I did.

　　A. as much as

　　B. as long as

　　C. as soon as

　　D. as far as

　　A　as much as与……一样。 2、give thought to 考虑，思考 ◆I have given enough thought to the matter.

　　我已经反复思考了这件事情。

　　be lost in thought 陷入沉思 　without thought 不假思索 　have (no) thought of…(没)有……的打算 　thought for… 对……的体谅 / 关怀 　thoughtful adj. 细心的，体贴的 ◆I have no thought of annoying you.

　　我没有要激怒你的想法。 ①I'll give ______ to your suggestion that we ______ a party in honor of the experienced professor. A. much thought; hold B. many thoughts; should hold C. much thought; will hold D. some thought; can ①A　thought在此为不可数名词；that从句为名词suggestion的同位语从句，从句中应用虚拟语气形式(should)＋动词原形。 ②______ in thought，he didn't notice the teacher come in，standing by him.

　　A. Losing

　　B. Lose

　　C. Loses

　　D. Lost ②D　过去分词短语lost in thought由短语 be lost in thought(陷入沉思)而来。 3、regardless of

　　adv. 不加理会；不顾 ◆The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, or sex.

　　不管他的种族、宗教或性别如何，法律要求平等地对待所有的人。 regardless of 不管；不顾，侧重于主观上的“不考虑”。 in spite of不管；不顾，偏重指不受某种客观情况的阻挠，相当于despite sth.。 ◆He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's feelings.

　　他总是不顾别人的感受，说自己想说的。 ◆We went out in spite of/despite the rain.

　　尽管下雨，我们还是出去了。 although, though, as, while表示“尽管”、“虽然”时为连词，后接从句。且although / while 从句不可倒装，though从句可倒装也可不倒装，as从句是一定要倒装的。 ①The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ______ his financial situation.

　　A. with respect to

　　B. in accord with

　　C. regardless of

　　D. in terms of ①C　根据4个词组的意思分别是“关于；与……一般；不顾；依据”和句意“不管他的财政情况如何，我们的目的是每一个愿意和有能力接受高等教育的人都能得到这种机会”，符合句意的只有C项，故答案为C。 ②______， the astronauts just work and never show off what they have done. A. Heroes as they are B. As they are heroes C. Though heroes they are D. Heroes although they are ②A　由as引导的让步状语从句，构成倒装，表语名词 / 形容词，状语副词或某些行为动词提前。 ③Although / While he is clever, he still works hard. → Though 　， he still works hard. → ________________， he still works hard. 尽管他聪明，他还是工作很努力。 ③he is clever; Clever as he is 4、show off 炫耀，

　　卖弄 ◆He likes to show off his masculine physique.

　　他喜欢炫耀他的阳刚之气。 ◆His show­off only serves to show up his ignorance.

　　他的卖弄只不过暴露了他自己的无知。 ◆Stop showing off in front of everybody.

　　别在大伙跟前卖弄了。 Mike has only driven to the pub his new car ─ he usually walks! to show off 5、in defence of sb.＝in sb.'s defence 为……辩护，保卫 ◆In defence of his policy, the Minister pointed to the sharp decrease in road deaths.

　　部长在为自己的政策辩护时指出，交通死亡事故已经锐减。