陕西省汉中市陕飞二中高三英语二轮复习《代词》课件

　　7.Some students are absent-minded, _______ of whom heard what the teacher said.

　　A. all

　　B. none

　　C. every

　　D. not all 8. — Is _______ here?

　　— No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.

　　A. anybody

　　B. somebody

　　C. everybody

　　D. nobody 9.They were all very tired, but ______ of them would stop to take a rest.

　　A. any

　　B. some

　　C. none

　　D. neither 10. — Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?

　　— I’m afraid _______ day is possible.

　　A. either

　　B. neither

　　C. some

　　D. any 11. If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay _____ ﹩5.

　　A. another

　　B. other

　　C. more

　　D. each 12. — Which of the two books do you want?

　　— I want _____. Please show me ______.

　　A. none ; another

　　B. all ; the other

　　C. neither ; the other

　　D. neither ; another 13._____ side of the street is lined with different shops, ____ of which sell electronic products.

　　A. Both ; both

　　B. Either ; all

　　C. Neither ; either

　　D. Either ; both 14. — Do you need anything else?

　　— Yes, we still need ______ aircrafts.

　　A. more two

　　B. two more

　　C. other two pieces of

　　D. two other pieces of 15.I had no idea which was better, so I took _____ of them.

　　A. any

　　B. every

　　C. none

　　D. both 16. — The examination was easy, wasn’t it?

　　— Yes, but I don’t think ______ could pass it.

　　A. somebody

　　B. anybody

　　C. nobody

　　D. everybody 17.Is there anyone who can do the job?        .

　　A. None  

　　B. No one  

　　C. Not one 

　　D. Not many ones 18.I wanted some water, but there was         in the bottle.   A. none  

　　B. no 

　　C. any  

　　D. nothing 19.Tom and Mary have arrived, but         students in your class aren't here yet.   A. other  

　　B. others  

　　C. the other  

　　D. the others 20.Do September and April have thirty days         ?

　　A. every  

　　B. neither  

　　C. each  

　　D. all 21.         of us is active in English class.   A. Every 

　　B. Every one  

　　C. Everyone  

　　D. Anybody 22.We have English classes        

　　day, Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.   A. each other 

　　B. every other  

　　C. this and other  

　　D. all other 23.Tom had a bad cold.

　　is why he didn't come to school.   A. It  

　　B. That  

　　C. This  

　　D. There 24.They invited the three of         ,Tom, Bob, and         .   A. us , me  

　　B. we , I   

　　C. us , I   

　　D. we , we

　　代

　　词 I.

　　代词的分类 人称代词

　　I , you

　　，she ，him

　　疑问代词 who whom what 物主代词

　　my 、your、hers

　　关系代词 which 、that、who 反身代词

　　myself、yourselves

　　连接代词

　　who、which、what 相互代词

　　each other、one another

　　不定代词

　　one、each、another、neither 指示代词

　　this、that、those、these

　　II. 人称代词的用法 1) 作主语，用主格。作宾语用宾格。She teaches us English. 2)在句中作表语，常用宾格。Who is it? It’s me. 但有时用主格。 If I were she, I would’t go there.

　　It was I who told him about it. 3)并列人称代词的顺序。单数：2,3.1. 复数：1,2,3

　　III.反身代词 1)作宾语。I teach myself mathematics.

　　She is looking at herself in the mirror. 2) 作介词的宾语。

　　a. 表示“对比”，“自己”

　　She loves me for myself, not for my money.

　　b.）介词＋oneself 的常见用语。

　　to oneself(对自己），for oneself（亲自，独自；为了自己），of oneself（自己的） ，between oneselves（秘密地）， in oneself（本来, 本身） ，by oneself（单独地，独立地）

　　3)作同位语，起强调作用。 You yourself told me the story. Exercise one 1.Yours is not a bad idea ____________. 2. Laura is not quite _________ today. 3. I have the room ______________ . 4. You can call on me. I am ____________ today. 5. What I said just now is only _____________. 6. If you don’t believe me, you can go and see ________________. 7. I don’t know when the door closed ________________. in itself

　　IV. 指示代词的用法 1).时空的差别 eg. There is this seat here,near me,or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have,this or that？ 2). This 和 that 在行文叙述上的差别。Eg.

　　I shall say this to you: he is a poor man.

　　He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come. 3).that 和 those 用于表比较的结构。

　　The weather of Beijing is just as good as that of Tianjin.

　　TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here. 4). 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.

　　一些重要的 不定代词的用法

　　不定代词有both, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, few, some, any, each, every, no, none等，从实际应用和理解出发，重点学习以下几个：

　　(一) both, either, neither

　　(二) one, another, the other

　　(三) little, a little, few, a few

　　(四) some / any, no / none, each / every,

　　many / much

　　不定代词 含义 数量关系 作定语时名词的数 作主语时动词的数 both 两者都 =2 复数 复数 either 两者中的任何一个 =2 单数 单数 neither 两者都不 =2 单数 单数 all 三者或三者以上都 ≥3 单数或复数 单数或复数 none 三者或三者以上都不 ≥3 ○ 单数或复数 each 每一个 ≥2 单数 单数 every 每一个 ≥3 单数 单数 both, either, neither

　　both为“两者都”，neither为“两者都不”，either为“两者之一”。这三个单词都用于指两个人或物，在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。 作主语： 1) Both (of them) enjoyed the rice.

　　2) Neither (of us) is a doctor.

　　3) Either (of you) will go.

　　注意：作主语时，both后面的谓语动词用复数。neither, either后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。 作定语： Both Zhang Hua's father and mother worker work in a hospital, but neither one is a doctor.

　　2) You may take either apple.

　　作宾语： I like both of the toys very much.  

　　2) The boy could find neither of them and went away. 

　　both 还可作同位语，它们句中的位置是在动词be，助动词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。 1) They are both in good health.  2) They will both go there. 

　　3) They both agreed to take part in the birthday party.

　　此外，either 可作副词用于否定句，表示 “也”，相当于肯定句中的 “too”。

　　This is not mine. That is not, either. 

　　neither 表示“也不”的时候，常用在倒装的结构形式中：

　　I don't like to play football. Neither does he.

　　She hasn't got a bike. Neither have I.  

　　注意：both … and… “两者都……”连接主语时谓语动词用复数。 either 和 or, neither 和 nor “不是……就是”；“或……或”，“既不……也不”；“……都不” 连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的数一般应与靠近谓语动词的主语保持一致，即，就近原则。如：

　　1) Both Zhang and Wang are good students.  

　　2) Either you or he is right. 

　　3) Neither he nor i am a scientist.  1.There is a tree on _______ side of the street.

　　A. every

　　B. all

　　C. either

　　D. both 2.There is a desk on _______ side of the room.

　　A. both

　　B. either

　　C. all

　　D. every 3.There is a desk on _______ sides of the room.

　　A. both

　　B. either

　　C. all

　　D. every 4. — Which side can I sit on the boat?

　　— If you sit still, you can sit on _______.

　　A. every side

　　B. all sides

　　C. both sides

　　D. either side 5.It is said that _______ of his parents have gone to Beijing.

　　A. all

　　B. every

　　C. both

　　D. either

　　every和each用法上的区别 1. each可作代词和形容词，而every只能用作形容词，each of these dictionaries或each one of these dictionaries,every one of these dictionaries

　　不能说every of these dictionaries. 2. each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个，而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个，不能指两个中每一个。如： 可以说each of my eyes, 不可说every one of my eye但可说every one of my toes(脚趾) 。

　　3. each通常用来指若干固定数目中的每一个，而every往往指“任何一个”如：Each girl sitting over there is my student. “坐在那里的每一女孩子”指若干固定数目中的每一个，故用each。Every man must do his best. “人人都尽最大的努力”泛指任何一个人，因而用every。 4. every和not连用，即“every…not”或“not…every”构成部分否定，表示“并非每一个”的意思，each则无此结构。

　　5. every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词，作“每(多少)”解，但each不能用于这一结构中。 如： every three days 每三天或每隔两天，相当于 every third day。

　　6. every two days, every second day都作“每隔一天”解，但在实际应用中人们都用every other day来表示这一意思，every two days也有人讲，而every second day则少用的。也可以说every few days, 相当于汉语的“隔些日子”。

　　7. each 可以与other构成固定的搭配，即each other意思为“彼此、相互、互相”的意思，而every则不能。

　　one, another, the other 1. one 常用来作代词，替代前文所出现的同类可数名词，表示人或物，以避免重复。例如：

　　I haven't got a ball pen. I'll have to buy one. (= a ball pen) 我没圆珠笔，我得去买一支。

　　He is one to think more of others.  他是个能多为别人着想的人。 2. the other, another 都可解释为 “另一个”。other 加上定冠词用于两者中的另一个，another 指三者以上中的另一个。例如：

　　He was two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a teacher.

　　We've received two parcels, one from my uncle, the other from my aunt.

　　I don't like this one, show me another, please.

　　I've just bought three things. One is a walkman, another is a pocket calculator, the third is a video game.

　　3. another 还有 “再……” 的意思，例如：

　　Have another cup of coffee, please. ！

　　She could have to stay here for another week.

　　4. other 有 “另外” 的含义。例如：

　　Where are the other students?

　　The boy is much cleverer than the other two.

　　5. others 和 the others 表示复数的泛指和特指。例如：

　　In the park some are playing games. Others are walking near the river.

　　I have five colour pencils. One is red, another is blue and the others are green. 6. the rest 也可作 “其余的” 解释。它用作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。例如：

　　The rest of his life was spent in America.

　　He has eight books. Two are in English. The rest are in Chinese.

　　little, a little, few, a few

　　1. little 与 a little 两者都用来修饰不可数名词，little 作 “很少”，“几乎没有” 解，有否定的意思，a little 作 “少许”、“有一点” 解，有肯定的意思，例如：

　　In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.

　　There is little left, is there?

　　2. few, a few 用来修饰可数名词，前者表示否定，后者表示肯定。

　　A few of us speak English well.

　　There were few eggs in the fridge, so he went to the supermarket

　　and bought some.

　　3. few 作主语时，谓语动词仍用复数，例如：   Few men know this, do they?

　　4. 常用词组有 quite a few (好几个)，only a few (只有一个)，a very few (极少数)。例如：

　　He studied Chinese for quite a few years. 他学汉语已有好几年了。 some, any, no, none, each, every, many, much （1）some 和 any: some (一些，某个) 句中可作主语、宾语、定语等，常用于肯定句。作定语时，它可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词是单数时，some 表示 “某个” 的意思。例如：

　　There are some newspapers on the table.

　　I am going to buy some orange juice.

　　Have you any questions? Yes, I have some.

　　I have read that in some magazine.

　　当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也可用 some。例如：

　　Would you like some tea?

　　Could you lend me some money? any “一些” 用法相同于 some, 但多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。例如：

　　Is there any ink in your pen?

　　Put up your hands if you have any questions. 注意： 1. any 用于肯定句中有 “任何一个” 解。常用于比较级句子中。   

　　Tom runs faster than any

　　other boy in his class.

　　Tom runs faster than any

　　of the other boys in his class.

　　2. some, any, every, no 可以与 body, thing, one 构成合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物：

　　Something is wrong with my bike.

　　Something is asking to see you.

　　Nobody is absent.

　　If you want anything, call me.

　　2）None,no one / nobody ,nothing 的区别

　　none 1)可与of连用；2)谓语动词用单或复数；3)具体指什么人或物；4)一般用来回答how many +n,how much +n　.

　　1)None of us have/has seen him. 2)—How many students are there in the room? —None. 3)—Is there any water in the thermos?

　　——None. 4)——How much money do you have on you? ——None.

　　nothing1)指物；2)谓语用单数；3)一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊问句。请看： 1)——What is in the box? ——Nothing

　　2)——Is there anything in the sky? ——Nothing. 3)—Can you see anything without glasses? ——Nothing 先请看下面一道题: I want some coffee, but there is _______ in the pot. A. no one B. something C. none D. nothing 现请看: 1) none 既可指人，也可指物，代指上文提到的事物，含特指概念。如: He wants me to lend him some money, but I have none at hand.（特指前面提到的钱） They asked for nine books, but there is / are none in the library at present. 。（特指前面提到的书） 2) nothing = not anything, 意为“没有任何东西;什么也没有”，强调内容，只能指物，泛指。如: He felt hungry, but he could find nothing to eat in the kitchen. （泛指所有吃的东西，不是特指某一种） Nothing in the world is difficult if you put your heart into it.

　　no one= nobody 只指人,“没有人”，不能指物,语气比none强,后面不能接of构成的短语。no one作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。如: No one / Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。 none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中"没有一个请比较: There are many apples in the basket, but none of them are fresh. （3）no 和 none: none (没有一个，全不，都不) 是名词性的不定代词，可作主语和宾语，常和 of 短语连用，不以作定语。none 作主语代替不可数名词时，谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时，谓语用单、复数均可。例如：

　　None of us is / are from Beijing.

　　None of the money is mine. none 与 all 相对，有 “全不” “全部” 的含义，因此 all 是全肯定，none 是 all 的全部否定，但都指三者以上的人或物。

　　We all made mistakes.

　　None of us was correct. no 是形容词性的不定代词，只能用作定语，可修饰可数和不可数名词。no 等于 not a 或 not any 加上名词。例如：

　　I have no money.

　　I have not any money. no one 相当于 nobody，意为没有人，谓语用单数。

　　（4）many 和 much ： many 修饰可数名词的复数，谓语用复数，much 修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数，它们可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。例如：

　　So much for today.

　　There are many buses and cars in the street. many 已被 a lot of, a large number of, a great many 所代替。 much 已被 a lot of, plenty of, a good deal of, a great (large) quantity of 所代替。

　　但 a lot of / lots of 只能用于肯定句。

　　1. ______ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.

　　A. Each

　　B. Any

　　C. No one

　　D. None 2.We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because ______ of us had ______ money on us.

　　A. all ; no

　　B. any ; no

　　C. none ; any

　　D. no one ; any 3.There is a tree on _______ side of the street.

　　A. every

　　B. all

　　C. either

　　D. both 4.There is a desk on _______ side of the room.

　　A. both

　　B. either

　　C. all

　　D. every 5. — Which side can I sit on the boat?

　　— If you sit still, you can sit on _______.

　　A. every side

　　B. all sides

　　C. both sides

　　D. either side 6.It is said that _______ of his parents have gone to Beijing.

　　A. all

　　B. every

　　C. both

　　D. either