高考英语考点单元训练汇总11

　　(一、单元考点提示

　　1.词汇

　　memory, marry, single, square, otherwise, perform, wedding, musical, generation, nowadays, passer-by, pattern, thought, gay, be familiar with, learn by heart, in praise of, earn one’s living, pass down, in praise of, pass on, at a time, cruel, eager, disturb, mental, fortune, arrival, prisoner, attend, in public, sentence…to death, a good deed, in peace, fall in love with, make sure of, suffer from, light a fire, let…in, call for help, be pleased at ,for no good reason

　　2.句型

　　(1)They usually write exact instructions on how the music is to be played.

　　(2)On festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago.

　　(3)This was at a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema.

　　(4)Dr Manette had been put into prison so that he could keep silent over this matter.

　　(5)Although Lucy married Charles, Sydney promised her that he would always do anything he could for her to make sure of her happiness.

　　3.语法

　　（1）v.-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语

　　（2）v.-ing形式作定语和状语

　　4.交际用语

　　(1)I think at the beginning we’d rather have…

　　(2)I’d rather have…to start.

　　(3)You must have been…

　　(4)She can’t have been…

　　(5)She may/might have done…

　　(二、考点精析与拓展

　　1.whisper

　　whisper可用作名词或动词，意为“低语，私语”。如：whisper to sb.对某人耳语；whisper about sth./sb.小声议论某事/人；whisper sth. to sb.低声告诉某人某事；in a whisper低声地；It’s whishpered that…私下说……。

　　对比：say to sb.对某人说；speak to sb.和某人说话；talk to sb.和某人说话；explain to sb.对某人解释说；lie to sb.对某人撒谎说。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①老师低声给孩子们讲了个故事。

　　The teacher_________ a story to the children./The teacher told the children a story ___________ ____________ _____________.

　　②有人私下说史密斯先生的生意在衰败。

　　________ _________ _________ that Mr Smith’s business is falling.

　　Key:①Whispered/in,a, whisper

　　②It,is, whispered

　　2.pass 短语归纳

　　pass sth.down把某物一代一代传下去；pass sth.on将某物传、交给某人；pass away逝世； pass by路过，忽视；pass sb. sth./pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人；pass the exam/test/law通过考试/测验/法律

　　注意：past是介词“过，经过”或名词“过去”；passed是pass的过去式和过去分词。如：

　　half past six六点半；in the past few years在过去的几年里；Two weeks passed.两周的时间过去了。He walked past the gate.他从大门口走过。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①去年他母亲去世了。

　　His mother _________ __________ last year.

　　②这戒指是我家传来来的。

　　This ring_________ __________ _________ __________in my family.

　　③那本书你看完了给我。

　　__________the book_________ ________me when you’ve finished it.

　　④那个年轻人听到这个消息，由于震惊昏了过去。

　　When the young man heard the news. he________ _________with the shock.

　　Key:①passed, away

　　②has, been, passed, down

　　③Pass, on, to

　　④passed, out

　　3.perform, performance

　　perform 是动词“履行，表演”，而performance是名词“表演，演出”。:perform a task/an operation/one’s duties/a play/a part做工作/做手术/尽责任/上演一出戏/演一个角色；perform to sb.对某人表演；give a performance演出；

　　对比：act/play a part扮演角色；put on a play上演一出戏

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①他们总是很耐心地做实验

　　They always________their experiments_________great patience.

　　②今晚演出什么戏？

　　What play_______ _______ _______tonight?

　　③这位歌唱家以前从未在北京演唱过。

　　The singer has never________in Beijing_______.

　　Key:①perform,with

　　②will,be,performed

　　③performed,before

　　4.be familiar with,be familiar to

　　be familiar with的主语是有生命的事，意为“某人对人、事熟悉”；be familiar to 的主语是无生命的事物，意为“某人/事为某人所熟悉”，对比:He is very familiar with the names of plants in English.他很熟悉植物的英语名称。Suzhou and Hangzhou are familiar to many foreigners.苏州和杭州为许多外国人所熟悉。

　　I’m not familiar with European history./European history is not familiar to me.我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。

　　注意：be familiar with/to

　　?还表示“精通、通晓”

　　如：French is as familiar to him as English.

　　他对法语就象对英语一样精通。

　　[应用] 一句多译

　　①这些事实是每个学生都熟悉的。

　　②她精通4种语言。

　　Key:

　　①These facts are familiar to every schoolboy./Every shoolboy is familiar with these facts.

　　②She is familiar with four languages./Four languages are familiar to her.

　　5.表示“宁愿、想要某人做某事”

　　下列句型均可表示“宁愿、想让某人作某事”：would like sb.to do sth.;would prefer sb.to do sth.;like sb.to do sth;want sb.to do sth.;would rather that sb.did sth.

　　对比：would like/love to do sth.喜欢、宁愿做某事；prefer to do sth.宁愿做；would rather do sth.宁愿做；would like/love not to do sth.不想做；would rather not do sth.宁愿不做……；prefer not to do sth.不想做；would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事；p11refer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事。

　　[应用]

　　①一句多译

　　我想让我儿子学医。

　　②选择正确的答案

　　Little Jim should love_______to the theatre this evening.

　　(MET’92)

　　A.to be taken

　　B.to take

　　C.being taken

　　D.taking

　　Key:

　　I would like my son to study medicine./I’d love my son to

　　study medicine,/ I would rather that my son studied medicine./ I like my son to study medicine./I want my son to study medicine./I would rather that my son studied medicine.

　　②A

　　6.earn, gain, win ,get

　　四个词均有“得到”之意，但earn指经过艰苦努力所得到的报偿，意为“赚得”；gain指作出很大努力而“获得”，所得东西常有一定价值；get是普通词，指不一定需要努力就能“得到”；win意为“赢得”，含有取胜一方具有优越条件而能克服障碍之意。这四个词有时可通用。

　　[应用]英译汉

　　①earn much money/a prize/one’s living

　　②gain a victory/experience/the first prize/ten dollars/a living/success/the battle/a doctor’s degree

　　③get one’s help/full marks

　　Key: ①挣得很多钱/获奖/谋生

　　②获胜/取得经验/获得一等奖/赚10美元/谋生/获得成功/赢得战斗/获博士学位

　　③得到某人的帮助/得满分

　　7.single, not a single

　　single是形容词，有“单一的，单个的，单身的，唯一的”意义；not a single表示“一个也没有”，起强调作用，位于句首时引起倒装。如：remain single尚未成婚；the single person唯一的人；a single bed/ticket/man/room单人床/单程票/独身男子/单人房间

　　He didn’t make a single mistake in the exam./Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.他在考试中没出一处错误。

　　[应用]汉译英

　　①今天上午这个商店里一个人也没有。

　　②他是能帮助我们的唯一的人。

　　Key: ①Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.

　　②He’s the single person that can help us.

　　8.in+名词+of

　　in praise of为……颂扬、歌颂；in honour of 为纪念，为了向某人表示敬意；in memory of为了怀念；in favour of赞同，支持；in place of 代替；in charge of负责；in search of寻找；in need of 需要。

　　注意：上述短语多用作表语、状语或定语。

　　[应用]完成句子，句意不变

　　①This is a book which sings high praise for pioneers.

　　This is a book ________ ________ ________ pioneers.

　　②They startd off at once to look for the missing girl.

　　They started off at once________ ______ _______the missing girl.

　　③We all agree to your plan. We are all ______ ________ ______your plan.

　　④We usr plastics instead of wood or metal.

　　We use plastics_______ ________ ________ wood or metal.

　　Key:①in, praise, of

　　②in, search, of

　　③in, favour, of

　　④in, place, of

　　9.praise短语归纳

　　praise可用作名词或动词，均表示“赞扬，表扬”。如：sing high praise for高度赞扬；praise sb. for因……而赞扬其人；receive praise from sb.得到某人的称赞；win high praise受到高度赞扬；give praise to sb.表扬某人。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①校长高度赞扬了他的勇敢行为。

　　The headmaster_________ _________ ________ ________his brave deed.

　　②他经常帮助别人，因而得到同学们的赞扬。

　　He often helps others, so he __________ __________ _________his classmates.

　　Key: ①sang, high, praise, for

　　②receives praise, from

　　10.one…the other, some…others

　　one…the other相当于one…one,表示两者中的“一个。另一个”；some…others表示许多中的“一些，另外一些”；some…the others表示“一些，其余所有的”。对比：

　　He has two companise. One is in China and the other is in the States.

　　他有两家公司，一家在中国，另一家在美国。

　　In winter, some birds will fly away, and others wills stay here.冬天，一些鸟飞走了，另外一些留了下来。

　　Some stamps are new, and the others are all ones.

　　有些邮票是新的，其余全是用过的。

　　[应用]选择正确答案。

　　①Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but _______like to go to the cinema.(NMET’85)

　　A.another

　　B.other

　　C.others

　　D.other one

　　②Of the three foreign guests, one is from London,_________two are from New York.(80年高考)

　　key:①C

　　②B

　　11.suffer

　　①用作及物动词，意为“遭受，蒙受，受到，忍受”。如：suffer loss/pain/punishment/defeat/wrong/hardship/discouragement/disappointment/unfair/treatment/hunger遭受损失/疼痛/遭到惩罚/遭到失败/受到冤枉/忍受艰难/失去勇气/灰心丧气/受到不公正对待/挨饿。

　　②用作不及物动词，意为“受痛苦、受损失，折磨，受惩罚”，与from搭配。如:suffer from headache/loss of memory/bad health患头疼/患有遗忘症/身体不好；suffer a lot from a strange illness因怪病吃了不少苦。

　　[应用]汉译英

　　①那个城市因地震而遭到严重破坏。

　　②他们在战争中遭受了巨大痛苦。

　　Key: ①The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake.

　　②They suffered a great deal in the war.

　　12.way(s)后的定语从句

　　修饰way(s)(方法，方式)的定语从句其关系词可以用in which,that也可省略关系词，但不能直接使用which.如：I feel angry about the way(that)he has treated me./I feel angry about the way in which he has treated me.我对他对待我的方式感到生气。

　　对比：He found a way that/which led to success.(way在从句中作主语) 他找到了一条通往成功的路。

　　[应用]单句改错

　　①I don’t like the way which you laugh at her.

　　②They didn’t to the experiment the way in that we do now.

　　key:①在which前加in或改which为that

　　②改that为which或去掉in

　　13.reason

　　for this/that reason因为这个/那个原因：for no good reason没有正当的理由；for a simple reason因为一个很简单的原因；for some political reasons因为政治原因；for the reason of health由于健康原因；give a reason提供理由。

　　注意：reason词后的表语从句用that引导，定语从句多用why引导，偶尔用which引导。

　　[应用]用适当的连词填空

　　①His reason for being late was________he missed the bus.

　　②The reason__________he didn’t come to school was that he was ill.

　　③The doctor gave

　　reason________ couldn’t explain the failure of the operation.

　　Key :①that

　　②why

　　③which/that

　　14.disturb,interrupt

　　disturb有“打扰，扰乱，使（人）心神不宁”之意。如：disturb the sleeping child/one’s plan/the piblic peace 打扰睡觉的孩子/打乱计划/扰乱社会治安；be mentally disturbed精神上受到影响；be disturbed about 对……感到不妥。

　　对比：interrupt 有“打断，打扰”之意，侧重打断。如：Don’t interrupt me while I’m busy.我忙的时候不要打扰我。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①她获悉母亲得急病后感到心神不安。

　　She was________ ________ her mother’s sudden illness./She

　　was________ _______hear of her mother’s sudden illness./She was________ ________ the news of her mother’s sudden illness.

　　②不要打断那位演讲者，他讲完再问你的问题。

　　Don’t _________ the speaker;ask your question after the meeting.

　　Key:①disturbed, about/disturbed,to/disturbed, by

　　②interrupt

　　15.at, with, through表原因

　　三个介词都可表示原因，at表示听到或看到的原因；with表示人体外部的原因；through 强调自身的原因。如：be sad at the news听了这个消息而悲伤；be frightened at the sight看了那个情景而害怕；jump up with joy高兴地跳了起来；turn red with anger气得脸红；shake with cold/fear冻得/害怕得发抖；with pleasure高兴地；with pride 骄傲地；with satisfaction满意地；make the mistake through his carelessness由于粗心而出错；be put into prison through no fault of his own 没有任何罪过被关进监狱。

　　[应用]汉译英

　　①听到这个消息，全国人民处于悲哀之中。

　　②孩子们高兴地跳了起来。

　　③由于大意他犯了这个错误。

　　Key:①At the news, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

　　②The children jumped up with joy.

　　③He made the mistake through his carelessness.

　　16.take up, take down

　　①take up arms/guns/knives/Japanese/too much room/the whole

　　day/the cry/the song拿起武器/拿起枪/拿起刀子/开始学日语/占太多的空间/占了整整一天的时间/喊起来/唱起来。

　　②take down the old picture /what he said取下旧画/记录下他说的话。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①他20岁时开始写作。

　　He _________ _________ _________at the age of twenty.

　　②会议占了整个上午的时间。

　　The meeting_________ _________the whole morning.

　　Key:①took, up ,writing

　　②took, up

　　17.sentence 短语归纳

　　sentence用作名词或动词，有“宣判，判决”之意。如:pass sentence on sb.判某人的刑；announce sentence on sb.宣布对某人的判决；serve one’s sentence服刑；be sentenced to hard labour被判服苦役；be sentenced to six months in prisom被判处六个月监禁；be under the sentence of death/be sentenced to death被判处死刑；have sb. sentenced to death判某人死刑；sentence sb. to death判某人死刑；receive a sentence of two years 被判两年徒刑。

　　[应用]完成句子

　　①一个凶手被判三年徒刑，另一个被判处死刑。

　　One murderer was______ ______ three years in prison and the other was sentenced_______ _________ .

　　②那小偷被判5年监禁。

　　The thief_______a sentence _______ 5 years in prison.

　　Key:①sentenced, to, to, death

　　②received, of

　　(三、精典名题导解

　　题1

　　（NMET

　　2001）

　　The Parkers bought

　　a new house but_________will need a lot of work before they can move in.

　　A.they

　　B.it

　　C.one

　　D.which

　　分析：B。该题考查代词用法。做题的关键是弄清but引导的并列分句中作主语的代词究意是用来代表替前一个分句主语The Parkers还是宾语a new house.。由空白后will need a lot of work before they can move in 的语境可以确定，此空的代词是用来代替a new house。it和one 都可以代替前文提过的单数可数名词，以避免重复，但it表特定之物,one表泛指之物，故最佳答案为B。

　　题2

　　_________is good form of exercise for both young and old.

　　A.The walk

　　B.walking

　　C.To walk

　　D.Walk

　　分析：B。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。辨别名词作主语，不定式作主语和动名词作主语的区别。a/ the walk作名词用时，是指某一次的散步，不定式指具体的动作，动名词则是指抽象、一般意义的概念。

　　题3

　　I can’t drive this tractor because I’m not familiar________ the controls.

　　A.to

　　B.with

　　C.for

　　D.in

　　分析：B。sb. be familiar with sth.某人对某事熟悉

　　sth. be familiar to sb.某事对于某人熟悉

　　题4

　　Jessica is going to ________ a pretty office girl.

　　A.marry

　　B.get married

　　C.marry to

　　D.marry with

　　分析：A。marry一词为及物动词，sb. marry sb.某人与某人结婚，sb. be(get) married to sb.某人嫁给某人。后一句型强调状态，可以与线性时间状语连用。此句题干中有girl，正确答案为A。

　　题5

　　As far as I know, there are altogether four basic _________ of blood.

　　A.kinds

　　B.sorts

　　C.types

　　D.packs

　　分析：C。kind和sort是种类意思，type为型号的意思。

　　题6

　　（NMET

　　1998）

　　—I stayed at hotel while in NewYork.

　　—Oh, did you?You________ with Barbara.

　　A.could have stayed

　　B.could stay

　　C.would stay

　　D.must have stayed

　　分析：A。did you? 可知，对话前并不知“Barbara在纽约期间是待在旅馆里的”，根据这一事实故不能选D。因对过去事情，所以不能选B和C。

　　题7

　　（NMET

　　2001）

　　We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _______ very well.

　　A.worked out

　　B.tried out

　　C.went on

　　D.carried on

　　分析：A。该题考查根据语境选择适当的短语动词的能力。四个选项均为短语动词，但所表达的意义不同：work out制定，计算出，进行情况良好，得到圆满解决，（情况）发展得（进行得）……；try out试验，试用；go on 继续，进行；carry on继续下去，开展，从事。此题干扰最大的是C和D项，其实go on与carry on为同义词组，均为continue之意，强调“继续”、“持续”。work out?强调“（势态）发展的结果”，在此处作“（情况）发展得……”解。根据主句We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that的语境及but所表示的转折意义判断，最佳答案为A。

　　题8

　　There are a lot of peasants ________ in the rice fields.

　　A.who works

　　B.who worked

　　C.work

　　D.working

　　分析：D。peasant之后是一个定语成分，可以是定语从句，也可以是一个分词短语。A、B 两项虽是定语从句，但结构和时态明显错误，所以只能选D。

　　题9

　　The old man walked in the street_________ by his son.

　　A.following

　　B.followed

　　C.to follow

　　D.follow

　　分析：B。从by his son可以看出the old man被跟随，所以选择B。