高考英语语法专项训练：第4讲形容词和副词

　　* 5 比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”

　　It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn.

　　She is becoming more and more active in taking part in social activities. 6 the +比较级，the +比较级“越……越……”

　　The harder he studies , the greater progress he will make . 四、形容词和副词高考考点 1.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,27)Ernest visited the South Pole because he wanted to see one of the

　　______

　　regions in the world. A．colder B．coldest C．more coldly D．most coldly

　　【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。 返回目录 2.(2010高考英语陕西卷,22)Studies show that people are more ______

　　to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.

　　A. likely

　　B. possible

　　C. probable

　　D. sure

　　【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。四个选项中主语为人且和不定式连用的形容词只有likely和sure，likely表示“有可能的”，sure表示“必定，肯定”，根据句意应用likely。possible作表语时主语不能为人，可为物、不定式或不定式的复合结构；probable的主语只能是物。

　　返回目录 3.(2010高考英语山东卷,35)Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ______ schedules to make it easier to care for their children. A. heavy

　　B. smooth

　　C. flexible

　　D. complex

　　【答案】 C 【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。 返回目录 4.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,27)We only had ＄100 and that was ______

　　to buy a new computer. A. nowhere near enough

　　B. near enough nowhere C. enough near nowhere

　　D. near nowhere enough

　　【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词、副词的排列顺序。enough修饰形容词、副词时，通常要放在被修饰词语的后面。’因此正确词序应为：nowhere near enough…nowhere near意为“差得远，远不及”。语意为：我们只有100美元。这笔钱远远不够买一台新电脑。根据语意选A项。

　　返回目录 3 She doesn't speak ________her friend, but her written work is excellent. (1993全国)     

　　A. as well as    

　　B. so often as 

　　C. so much as   

　　D. as good as 4(7)______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春) A. Strangely enough

　　B. Enough strangely

　　C. Strange enough

　　D. Enough strange 问题六： 1、形容词在什么情况下后置？ 2、考查副词在句中的位置规律是什么？

　　一、考查形容词作定语的后置规律

　　1 _______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of

　　useful skills. (2000全国)     A. Brave enough students   

　　B. Enough brave students

　　 C. Students brave enough   

　　D. Students enough brave 2 All the people ______at the party were his supporters. (2002北京)

　　A. present     

　　B. thankful     

　　C. interested    

　　D. important 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时； ②表语形容词作定语时； ③修饰复合不定代词时。

　　二、考查多个形容词作定语的排序

　　1、 John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car. (2004辽宁) large German white   B. large white German

　　C. white large German    D. German large white 2、______ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江)       A. Ten strong young Chinese    

　　B. Ten Chinese strong young       C. Chinese ten young strong    

　　  D. Young strong ten Chinese 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是： (限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低) +形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词

　　    三、考查副词在句中的位置规律

　　If I had ______, I'd visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (1998全国) A. a holiday long enough         

　　B. an enough long holiday   

　　C. a holiday enough long       

　　D. a long holiday enough ①频度副词always, usually, often, never等一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或be动词之后。②表示方式的副词通常放在“动词(+宾语)”之后；③同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式＋地点＋时间。如：   四、考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别

　　(1) Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _____. (2004重庆)   A. worried  B. to worried  C. worrying  D. worry (2)It is believed that if a book is ______, it will surely ______ the reader. (2003上海)   A. interested; interest    

　　B. interesting; be interested   C. interested; be interesting    

　　D. interesting; interest 五、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异

　　It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______to    her mother. (2002北京)   A. close    B. closely    C. closed    D. closing 3。意义相差很大的同根副词 close

　　接近地

　　closely

　　密切地 free

　　免费地

　　freely

　　自由地

　　hard

　　努力地

　　hardly

　　几乎不 late

　　晚

　　lately

　　近来 most

　　非常

　　mostly

　　主要地 wide

　　广阔地

　　widely

　　广泛地 high

　　高

　　highly

　　高度地 deep

　　深

　　deeply

　　抽象意义的“深” 问题七： 1、形容词和副词的比较级如何用？

　　你知道一些特殊的比较级结构吗？ 2、比较级的修饰词有哪些吗？

　　六、考查形容词和副词的比较等级

　　(1)A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _____

　　strong as 113 miles per hour. (2006上海)   A. too     B. very       C. so        D. as 1. as+形容词/副词原级+as

　　  2. not as/so+原级+as

　　(3) He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ______a native speaker. (2004上海)     A. as fluent as 

　　B. more fluent than

　　C. so fluently as

　　D. much fluently than  (4)—Do you have a big library?"       —No, we don't─at least, not _

　　yours.

　　A. bigger as     B. as big as 

　　C. as big than    D. as bigger than 3. as +形容词+(a/an+)名词+as

　　(5) Our neighbour has ______ ours. (2003北京)  A. as a big house as    

　　B. as big a house as

　　C. the same big house as   

　　D. a house the same big as

　　比较级+than

　　(6)–Did you take enough money with you?       –No, I needed _______ I thought I would. (2006全国II)    A. not so much as 

　　B. as much as  

　　C. much more than  D. much less than

　　(7)Mr. Smith owns _____collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. (2005山东

　　A. larger  

　　B. a larger 

　　C. the larger 

　　D. a large   特殊比较级

　　有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象

　　(1)I wish you'd do ______ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. (2006江苏)      

　　A. a bit less         

　　B. any less       

　　C. much more       D. a little more 否定式谓语+比较级：有最高级含义

　　1、 Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard _______ before. (2006全国II)       A. the better one  B. the best one  

　　C. a better one   D. a good one 2、Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ______ this year. (2005浙江) A. the best  B. better   C. the most  D. more the+比较级, the+比较级

　　In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, ______. (2001上海)       A. our holiday will be better   

　　B. our holiday will be the better         C. the better our holiday will be 

　　  D. the better will our holiday be

　　其它含比较级的短语和句式

　　比较级+and+比较级； no more than和……一样不

　　仅仅，； more…than…与其说……倒不如……； less than少于； more than多于，不只是，非常； more or less几乎，差不多，大约，或多或少； sooner or later(迟早，早晚，总有一天)； what’s more(而且，此外)； no sooner…than…(一……就……)。如：

　　(1)After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ______ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days. (2003上海)       A. as long as 

　　B. as soon as    

　　  C. as much as  

　　D. as many as (2)_____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (2004安徽春)        A. As long as  

　　B. As far as  

　　C. Just as  

　　D. Even if (1)You're standing too near the camera. Can you move ______ ? (2000上海)       A. a bit far     

　　B. a little farther

　　  C. a bit of farther 

　　D. a little far (2)－Are you feeling ________?    －Yes, I'm fine now. (1992全国)       A. any well     

　　B. any better 

　　C. quite good      D. quite better

　　七、考查比较等级的修饰语

　　1. 比较级前可用a bit, a little, rather, some(肯定句及请求或建议的问句中), any(否定句或疑问句中)表示“稍稍，一点”； 用much, far, a great/good deal, a lot, lots, a good bit等表示“……得多”。

　　(3)What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is_____ it is long. (2005湖北) A. half not as wide as

　　B. wide not as half as

　　C. not half as wide as

　　D .as wide as not half (4) It is re ported that the United States uses _____ energy as the whole of Europe. (2004广西)  A. as twice    

　　B. twice much    

　　C. twice much as

　　D. twice as much half，倍数，以及分数或有关长度、时间、重量等表示确定程度的修饰语，通常放在比较级前，或as…as结构的第一个as前。 八、考查形容词such和副词so的用法

　　(1)We were in ______ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.(2003上海)   A. a rush so anxious    

　　B. a such anxious rush  

　　C. so an anxious rush    

　　D. such an anxious rush

　　(2)It is ______ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it. (1998上海)

　　A. so unusual   

　　B. such unusual 

　　C. such an unusual

　　D. so an unusual    九、 体现两句间逻辑关系的连接性副词

　　(1) Progress so far has been very good. _______, we are sure that the project will be completed on time. (2006浙江)

　　A. However  

　　  B. Otherwise     C. Therefore   

　　D. Besides

　　(2)I’m certain Davel’s told you his business troubles. ______, it’s no

　　secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank. (2006湖北)    A. However     

　　B. Anyway   

　　  C. Therefore   

　　 D. Though however 　1. You should try to get a good night’s sleep _____ much work you have to do. A. however

　　B. no matter

　　C. although

　　D. whatever 2. He tried his best to solve the problem, _____ difficult it was. A. however

　　B. no matter

　　C. whatever

　　D. although 1. 用作副词

　　表示让步：意为“无论如何”“不管怎样”，用来修饰形容词或副词，其词序为： however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。 这样用的however其实具有连词的功能，用以引导让步状语从句 Phone me when you arrive, however late it is. 　 However much he eats, he never gets fat.

　　However cold it is, he always goes swimming.

　　②这样用的 however 与 no matter how 大致同义。如： People always want more, however [no matter how] rich they are.

　　However [No matter how] hard I worked, she was never satisfied.

　　③有时从句谓语可用情态动词。如：

　　Don’t laugh, however funny it may be.

　　I’ll try to finish it in time, however hard it may be.

　　(2) 表示转折：尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时，表示转折，其意为“可是”“仍然”等。可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 My father, however, did not agree.

　　My room is small; however, it’s comfortable.

　　2017高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件 高考链接

　　体验 返回目录 1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,26)It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was ______ journey. three hour

　　B. a three-hours

　　C. a three-hour

　　D. three hours

　　【答案】C 【解析】此题考查由“数词+连字符+名词”构成的复合形容词, 连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”。 返回目录 2.(2010高考英语浙江卷,19)Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn’t it rather risky, ______?

　　A. though

　　B. also

　　C. either

　　D. too

　　【答案】A 【解析】考查副词辨析。此处though放在句末，表示“然而，可是”，是副词，而不是连词，符合语意。在结冰的运动场上玩听起来很有趣，然而，是不是太危险了呢?

　　返回目录 3.(2010高考英语浙江卷,11)Do you think shopping online will______

　　take the place of shopping in stores?

　　A．especially

　　B．frequently

　　C．merely

　　D．finally

　　【答案】D 【解析】本题考查副词辨析。 返回目录 4.(2010高考英语浙江卷,6)I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______

　　and more reliable than television.

　　A．accurate

　　B．ridiculous

　　C．urgent

　　D．shallow

　　【答案】A 【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。 返回目录 5.(2010高考英语天津卷,5)People have always been ______ about exactly how life on earth began. A. curious

　　B. excited

　　C. anxious

　　D. careful

　　【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。 返回目录 6.(2010高考英语四川卷,12)The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too______

　　． A．small

　　B．few

　　C．1arge

　　D．many

　　【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词的用法。 返回目录 问题一： 1、什么是形容词？什么是副词？ 2、你知道高考考查什么吗？ 问题二： 1、形容词在句中充当什么成份？ 2、“the +形容词”充当什么功能？ 2、你知道哪些形容词在句子中只能做表语？ 问题三： 1、动词后加ed 和加ing构成形容词的区别是

　　什么？

　　2、你知道可构成形容词的后缀有哪些吗？ 形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。

　　高考重点要求： 1、形容词、副词比较级，最高级常用句型 2、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置 3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序 4、分清常用同义、近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别 形容词和副词的定义 一、形容词 形容词在句子中的作用 1大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足语, 如： a beautiful park

　　一座美丽的公园 The play Tea-house（茶馆）is both moving and interesting. How long will the weather stay sunny ? The silk clothes feel soft. 定冠词the + 形容词

　　定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物，作“主语或宾语”，意思为“……的一种人”，“……的一类东西或事情”。

　　The new will take the place of the old . （新事物将代替旧事物。） The young are fond of sports .(年轻人喜欢体育运动。) The Living and the Dead is a horror film. 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错） He is an ill man.

　　（对） The man is ill.

　　（错） She is an afraid girl.

　　（对） The girl is afraid.

　　well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等

　　表语形容词的功能 加-ed 和 –ing形容词的区别 加-ed的形容词表示“人感到如何”，加-ing的形容词则用来描写事物， 如：

　　We were excited when we heard the exciting news. alarming, amusing, astonishing, charming, daring, demanding, encouraging, confusing, Disappointing ,discouraging, exciting, interesting,

　　pleasing, promising, shocking, striking, surprising

　　形容词后缀知多少？ friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，：

　　Her singing was lovely. He spoke to me in a very friendly voice.

　　有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 形容词后缀 分两大类。一类是加到名词上的 ㈠加到名词上的主要有： 1 -y，：bloody, dirty, healthy, juicy, muddy；

　　2 -ful：careful, helpful, peaceful, useful； 3 -less：careless, harmless, senseless, useless； 4 -ous/-ious：dangerous; courageous, mysterious； 5-ish：childish, foolish, selfish； 6 -ed/-en：skilled, horned, golden, wooden。

　　㈡加到动词上的有

　　① -ent/-ant，如：dependent, different,pleasant； ② -able/-ible，如： agreeable, comfortable,

　　③ -ive/-tive/-ative/-itive，如：active, attentive, imaginative, sensitive(敏感的;易受伤害的 )； ④ -ed/-en，如：stolen, swollen； ⑤ -ing，如：annoying, entertaining。

　　问题四： 1、形容词在句中处于什么位置？ 2、几个（形容词）限定词修饰同一个名词

　　的顺序是什么？ 3、形容词修饰像something这样的不定代

　　词位置在什么地方？ 形容词在句子中的位置 形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，形容词排列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。 （1）与被修饰名词关系比较密切的形容词位置靠近名词， 如：an exciting

　　American film （2）音节少的形容词位置在前，音节多的形容位置在后。 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题 This

　　girl is Linda’s cousin.

　　A. pretty little Spanish

　　B. Spanish little pretty

　　C. Spanish pretty little

　　D. little pretty Spanish 返回目录 副词/形容词的词序

　　限定词（all, both, those, your…）+数词形容词( first, three, next…)+描绘性形容词(beautiful, fine, kind…)+大小(large, small, big…)、长短(long, short…)、高低等形体性形容词+新旧(new, old…)+颜色(red, green…)+国籍(Chinese…)+材料(iron, stone…)+被修饰的名词

　　The first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge 顺口溜：1，县官行贿杀国才

　　【解题探究】A。在高考英语中，多个形容词作名词 的定语时的排序问题是常考问题。 有口诀如下：

　　限定描写大小高，形状年龄和新老。

　　颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。 1）修饰复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等， 如：anything

　　important, nothing easy （2）同表示数量的词组连用，

　　如：twenty feet long,

　　five years old 二、副词 问题五： 1、副词在句中有什么作用，充当什么成份？ 2、副词一般分成什么类别，处于句子什么位

　　置？ 副词基本定义 副词在句子中主要用作状语，许多副词皆由形容词加ly 构成，如：careful-carefully. 副词主要被分为以下几种： 1．时间副词，如：often，early，usually，frequently

　　2．地点副词，如：here，outside，below 3．方式副词，如：hard，fast，badly，well 4．程度副词，如：very，quite，much，still 5．疑问副词，如：how，when，why， where 副词在句子中的位置 ①频度副词always, usually, often, never等 一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词 或be动词之后。 ②表示方式的副词通常放在“动词(+宾语)”之后； ③同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其 顺序一般为：方式＋地点＋时间。如： 三、形容词和副词比较级及最高级 形容词副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法

　　1 两者比较情况一样，常用“as+形容词原级+as”句型。 2 He is as tall as his monitor . 3 两者比较，表示一方在某方面不如另一方，常用“not so /as +形容词原级+as”句型。 A train doesn’t travel so fast as a plane . 4 三者或三者以上比较，表示某人某物“最……”时，用“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”句型。 Asia is by far the largest of the seven continents .

　　She writes (the) most carefully of the three . *