2017届高考英语一轮复习课件：Module6 Unit 2《What is happiness to you？》（译林版湖南专用）

　　that we could not be　 His refusal was worded in such a graceful

　　way 　

　　offended. 他的拒绝是那样的委婉得体，所以我们并未感到不快。 2、I have been happy about different things at different times during my life, but my most vivid and happiest memories are those of school days, so I think that was the happiest time in my life.

　　在生命的不同阶段，我会因不同事情而快乐，但是我最鲜活而幸福的回忆是学生时代的日子，因此我觉得那是我生命中最快乐的时光。 (1)这是一个有并列连词 so 连接的并列句，在后面的分句中think后面是一个省略连词that 的宾语从句。 (2)句中既出现了代词those，又出现了代词that，those代替前面的复数名词the memories。that指代前面的整个学校时光。 ①D　句意：10个中有9个家长说他们教育孩子的方法与他们父辈教育孩子的方法相比有很大的差别。根据句意空白处需替代的词是approach，因此用代词that代替。　 ①Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with ______ of their parents.

　　A. those

　　B. one

　　C. both

　　D. that ②C　句意：在1500年左右创作的诗歌与1600年左右创作的诗歌之间存在显著差别。written around 1600在句中作后置定语，修饰空白处的词，因此是特指，此处those代替the short poems。如果选择D项，需要在前面加the。　 ②There is a remarkable difference between the short poems that were written in English around the year 1500 and ______ written around 1600.

　　A. that

　　B. one

　　C. those

　　D. ones 1. B　考查与介词有关的短语。far from 离……远，远非； apart from 除……之外(还); instead of 代替，而不是； regardless of 不管，不顾。句意：除了良好的服务以外，这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统福建美食。   1. ________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.(2011·福建)

　　A. Far from

　　B. Apart from

　　C. Instead of

　　D. Regardless of 2. C　考查短语动词的辨析。take in 吸收，欺骗； take off 拿走， 取下，脱去(衣服等)，起飞； take on 承担，呈现，雇用； take out 把……带出去，清除， 除掉。句意：一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。 2. Some insects ________ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.(2011·陕西)

　　A. take in

　　B. take off

　　C. take on

　　D. take out 名词性从句(2) 高考湖南卷的单选题中名词性从句必考，每年一题，总计1分。但是，在阅读理解等题型中大量存在着对名词性从句句意理解的考查。 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 1．连词：that(无任何词意)，whether, if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)，as if, as though(均表示“好像”，“似乎”)以上在从句中均不充当任何成分。 2．连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever, whomever。 3．连接副词：when, where, how, why。 4．不可省略的连词： ①介词后的连词 ②引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. 我们很高兴她入选了。 We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到了我们队获胜的消息。 5．大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。 二、主语从句 1．作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.

　　英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 2．有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。 3．另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) ＋do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that… It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 三、宾语从句 名词性从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句、表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1．由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。 He has told me (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow and that we can stay here for another day.

　　他已经告诉我他明天要去上海，我们还可以在这儿待上一天。 2．在demand, order, suggest, decide, insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)＋ 动词原形”。 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。 3．用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。 I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

　　4．用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时一般只能用whether，不用if。 ①引导主语从句并在句首时；②引导表语从句时；③引导从句作介词宾语时；④从句后有“or not”时；⑤后接动词不定式时。 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。

　　5．注意宾语从句中的时态呼应。当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况而使用。当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外)，从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。 The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.(主句是一般过去时，从句为过去完成时) 四、表语从句 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ that从句。 This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 1．需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 他迟到的原因是他今天早晨差一分钟没赶上火车。 2．whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。 五、同位语从句 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word等。 I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回家。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。 同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 I had no idea that you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。(that引导同位语从句，不能省略) Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？(that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略) 你知道吗？这本书向你描述了古希腊的生活。 六、常考的名词性that­从句 用it作形式主语的that­从句有以下4种不同的搭配关系： 1．It ＋ be ＋形容词＋ that­从句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… 2．It ＋ be ＋ ­ed 分词＋ that­从句 It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 众所周知…… It has been decided that… 已决定…… 3．It ＋ be ＋名词＋ that­从句 It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… 4．It ＋不及物动词＋ that­分句 It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 七、否定转移 ①将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 注意：若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。 I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。 ②将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。 It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。 ③有时将动名词、介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。 I don't remember having ever seen such a man. 我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语 having…) It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。) ④有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。 The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。 He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语)

　　他并不因亚里士多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。 She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定状语many weeks) 她结婚还不到几个月，那个男人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。 1. At the class meeting, we discussed ________ we should read English aloud every morning.

　　A. if

　　B. whether

　　C. that

　　D. /

　　B　许多同学认为，if 和 whether 引导宾语从句表示“是否”时，两者可互换，所以认为A和B都可选。其实，最佳答案只能选B，因为，在某些动词后习惯上要用 whether 来引导宾语从句，这类动词最典型的就是discuss(讨论)。 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ________.

　　A. who is he

　　B. who he is

　　C. who is it

　　D. who it is D　此题首先应排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以必须用陈述句语序。至于是选B还是D呢？许多同学由于汉语意思的影响，将句子理解为“有人在按门铃，去看看他是谁”。但按英语的习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，应用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。所以此题应选D。 3. His lecture was difficult and I didn't know ________ he said meant in his lecture.

　　A. that

　　B. what

　　C. that that

　　D. what what D　许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况很少见。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B。其实此题的正确答案应是D，第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语。 Module6·Unit 2

　　What is happiness to you? 1、 surround vt. 包围，环绕 n. 环绕物 ◆Troops have surrounded the town.

　　部队已将该城包围。 ◆The house was surrounded by high walls.

　　房子的四周有高墙。 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. [pl.] 周围的物体、条件等(可为有影响力的); 环境 living in pleasant surroundings 生活在舒适的环境中

　　◆Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.

　　动物园中的动物没有自然环境。

　　They by the enemy. 他们被敌人包围了 have been surrounded　 2、 rush

　　v．冲，赶，急速送往；迅速移动，急促；仓促行事 n. 匆忙 ◆At the warning, they all rushed out of the building.

　　听到警报，他们都冲出了大楼。 ◆He doesn't like others to rush him; he wishes to take his time over his work.

　　他不愿意别人催他，他想不慌不忙地工作。

　　rush into 冲进，仓促行事 　rush sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促行事 　rush sb. to…把某人匆忙送往 ， the boy injured in the accident was saved.

　　这个在事故中受伤的男孩被抢救过来了， 因为他毫无耽搁地被急速送往医院。 Rushed to the hospital without any delay 3、 cheer v. & n. (使)高兴；愉快 ◆Everyone was cheered by the good news.

　　每个人都因这个好消息而兴高采烈。 ◆The audience stood up and cheered as the stand­up comedian appeared on the stage.

　　当这位单口相声演员上台时，观众们都站起来欢呼。 ◆The soldiers gave three cheers for the general.

　　战士们向将军欢呼三声。 cheer sb. on (比赛等中)为某人加油，以喝彩声鼓励某人 cheer (sb.) up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 Cheers! 干杯！ ◆They were behind by two goals but we were still cheering them on.

　　他们落后两分，但是我们仍然在为他们加油。 ◆Why not buy some flowers? They can always cheer a room up.

　　为什么不买一些花呢？它们能使房间满堂生辉。 4、 adapt vt.(使)适应；改编 (常与to连用) ◆One should adapt oneself to the changed conditions.

　　人应该使自己适应变化的情况。 ◆This novel has already been adapted for film.

　　这本小说已经改编成电影剧本。 adopt vt. 采纳；领养 ◆He adopted my suggestion that he should invite his mother to live with his family.

　　他采纳了我的建议，邀请他的妈妈和他(家人)住在一起。 adopted adj. 收养的，领养的 ◆The girl doubted whether she was an adopted child.

　　这个女孩猜疑她是否是一个领养的孩子。

　　Thinking out of the box is a great ability that can help you .

　　打破思维定式是你成功适应新情况的巨大能力。 adapt successfully to the new situation 5、 accomplish v. (1)完成，实现，达到 ◆They didn't accomplish the purpose desired.

　　他们没有达到预期的目的。

　　◆They have accomplished their mission successfully.

　　他们成功地完成了任务。

　　(2)走完，度过 ◆She has accomplished 95 years of her life.

　　她已达95高龄。

　　◆The journey was accomplished in five weeks.

　　花了5个礼拜走了完全部旅程。

　　accomplish one's object

　　达到目的 accomplish one's mission

　　完成使命

　　He can 　 than any other boy in his class.

　　他一天能完成的工作比他班上其他的孩子都多。 accomplish more in a day 6、 advocate

　　vt. 拥护；提倡；主张[＋n./v.­ing] ◆I advocate a policy of gradual reform.

　　我拥护逐步改革的政策。 ◆He advocates reforming the prison system.

　　他主张改良监狱制度。

　　◆Do you advocate banning cars in the city centre?

　　你支持禁止汽车在市中心通行这一主张吗？ n. (常与of/for连用)拥护者；提倡者； 辩护 an advocate of peace 拥护或提倡和平的人 an advocate for the disabled 为残疾人辩护的人

　　He advocates 　. 他主张多建几所学校。 building more schools 7、 assist vt. 帮助；支援 assist sb. in / with sth. assist sb. in doing sth.

　　协助某人(做某事) assist sb. to do sth. ◆All the villagers assisted in repairing the road.

　　所有的村民们都帮忙修路。

　　assistant n. 助手 ◆The assistant assisted the owner to calculate the total income of the week.

　　助手帮助老板计算那个星期的总收入。 　assistance n. 协助， 援助， 补助

　　　with the assistance of sb. 在某人的帮助之下 　financial assistance 经济资助 　come to one's assistance 援助某人 　give assistance (to) 给……以援助 　be of assistance to sb. 帮助某人 8、instant adj. 即时的，方便的 n. 即时；瞬间 ◆The wounded lying on the ground is in instant need of help.

　　躺在地上的伤员需要立即救助。 ◆I couldn't answer the question for an instant.

　　我一下子答不出这道题。 ◆He will come in an instant.

　　他马上来。 (1)the instant, the minute, the second, the moment等可用来引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as… ◆The instant (＝As soon as) the thief caught sight of the police, he ran away.

　　小偷一见到警察就逃跑了。 (2)instantly, directly, immediately 也能引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as… I will e­mail you ______________________. 我一到达北京就会给你发电子邮件。 instantly I arrive at Beijing 9、 accompany

　　vt. 陪伴，伴随……发生，补充，给……伴奏 vi. 伴奏 ◆The singer was accompanied at the piano by his pupil.

　　演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。 ◆Lightning usually accompanies thunder.

　　闪电通常伴有雷声。 ◆The text is accompanied by illustration.

　　正文附有插图。

　　accompany sb. (at/on sth.) 给某人伴奏 ◆The singer was accompanied at/on the piano by her sister.

　　那位演唱者的姐姐用钢琴给她伴奏。

　　She asked me her to the airport.

　　她要求我陪她到机场去。 to accompany　 1、 apart from (1) 远离，和……不在一起 ◆His use of language sets him apart from most other modern writers. 他对语言的运用在现代作家中别具一格。 (2)还有“除了”的意思，既可以表示 besides 的意思，也可以表示 except 或 except for 的意思。 ◆Apart from some spelling faults, your composition is pretty good. 除了一些拼写错误之外你的作文很好。 ◆Apart from funny，go hiking is a good exercise. 徒步旅行除了好玩外，还是一项良好的运动。 　， only time could wear everything away!

　　除了眼泪外，只有时间可以冲淡一切！ Apart from tears 2、 go after 追逐；追求＝be after

　　◆He is going after that pretty girl.

　　他在追求那个漂亮的女孩子。

　　◆I've decided to go after that job in Ohio.

　　我决定力争得到俄亥俄州的那份工作。 不要单纯追求数量。 ___________________________________________ Don't just go after quantity. 1、While she was injured and in hospital, she amazed the world by the way she remained cheerful. 她受伤在医院期间，仍然保持乐观，让世人惊讶。 这是一个复合句，while she was injured and in hospital是由while引导的时间状语从句。 by the way she remained cheerful 作状语修饰amazed, way后面的定语从句省掉了引导词that。 ◆He always talks in such a way that everyone dislikes him.

　　他总是用这样的方式说话，所以每个人都讨厌他。 ◆That's the way I look at it, too.

　　我也是这么想的。