高三英语词法精练：动词时态和语态（二）

　　They          two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d  never have been able to afford to go.

　　A. had got     B. got     C. have got    D. get

　　. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ________ English for a year.

　　A. studies            B. studied           C. is studying         D. has been studying

　　As the years passed, many occasions—birthdays, awards, graduations—________ with Dad’s flowers.

　　A. are marked           B. were marked         C. have marked         D. had marked

　　They became friends again that day. Until then, they _______ to each other for nearly two years.

　　A. didn't speak        B. hadn't spoken       C. haven' t spoken    D. haven' t been speaking

　　With the help of high technology, more and more new substances            in the past years.

　　A. discovered

　　B. have discovered

　　C. had been discovered

　　D. have been discovered

　　— Did you tidy your room?

　　— No, I was going to tidy my room but I          visitors.

　　A. had

　　B. have

　　C. have had

　　D. will have

　　---It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.

　　-----Oh, don’t mention it. I _____past your house anyway.

　　A. was coming 

　　B. will come   C. had come      D. have come

　　I got caught in the rain and my suit____.

　　A. has ruined  B. had ruined   C. has been ruined      D. had been ruined

　　—Ouch! You hurt me!

　　—I am sorry. But I    any harm. I     to drive a rat out.

　　A. didn’t mean; tried         B. don’t mean; am trying

　　C. haven’t meant; tried       D. didn’t mean; was trying

　　—I have got a headache.

　　—No wonder. You    in front of that computer too long.

　　A. work       B. are working    C. have been working   D. worked

　　The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent          at the end of last March.

　　A. has been launched     B. having been launched

　　C. being launched        D. to be launched

　　Look at the timetable. Hurry up!  Flight 4026            off at 18:

　　A. takes                    B. took              C. will be taken          D. has taken

　　Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane  ________.

　　A. takes off       B. is taking off     C. has taken off   D. took off

　　The moment the 28th Olympic Games ________ open, the whole world cheered.

　　A. declared            B. have been declared

　　C. have declared              D. were declared

　　The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________ put forward are turned down.

　　A. could       B. would          C. 不填         D. had

　　The house belongs to my aunt but she         here any more.

　　A. hasn’t lived          B. didn’t live            C. hadn’t lived         D. doesn’t live

　　－_______ leave at the end of this month.

　　－I don’t think you should do that until _________ another job.

　　A. I’m going to; you’d found             B. I’m going to; you’ve found

　　C. I’ll; you’ll find                              D. I’ll; you’d find

　　－Your job _______ open for your return.

　　－Thanks.

　　A. will be kept      B. will keep          C. had kept          D. had been kept

　　－Where did you put the car keys?

　　－Oh, I ______ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I _______ in.

　　A. remembered; come                       B. remembered; was coming

　　C. remember; come                          D. remember; was coming

　　I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I        to half a dozen other groups.

　　A. was giving      B. am giving      C. had given      D. have given

　　As the twentieth century, come to a close, the raw. materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting_______.

　　A. to use          B. to be used       C. to have used     D. to be using

　　In a room above the store, where a party_______ , some workers were busily setting the table.

　　A. was to beheld    B. has been held     C. will be held    D. is being held.

　　—What’s wrong with your coat?

　　—Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me         on it.

　　A. sat            B. had sat        C. had been sitting     D. was sitting

　　—What are you going to do this afternoon?

　　—I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film         quite early, so we         to the bookstore after that.

　　A. finished; are going        B. finished; go

　　C. finishes; are going         D. finishes; go

　　Millions of pounds’ worth of damage         by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.

　　A. has been caused                  B. had been caused

　　C. will be caused                   D. will have been caused

　　– If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.

　　-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.

　　A. is            B. was             C. would be        D. has been

　　参考答案与解析

　　B

　　根据所提供的情景“otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go”可判断出要用一般过去时,表示过去所发生的事或存在的状态。otherwise意为“否则”,其从句的谓语要用虚拟语气。过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即“过去的过去”。现在完成时表示已经完成动作或从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作。

　　D

　　现在完成时态表示从过去某个时候开始一直持续到说话的时候，还可能继续下去。

　　B

　　主语是many occasions，所以谓语动词要用复数式，be marked with是固定搭配，“。。。有什么印记”，用法如同be filled withbe lined withbe crowded with等一样，又如：His face is marked with grief. 他脸上有忧伤的痕迹。

　　B

　　考查动词的时态。根据句意，“那天他们再次和好。（要知道）他们之前将近两年彼此没讲过话。” 故选择B项。

　　D

　　由句中的时间状语in the past years可知，空格应填现在完成时；又因句子中的主语new substances与discover为被动关系，故选D项。

　　A

　　was/were going to do sth表示“本打算做某事（但实际上没有）”。but后之后的句子说明过去客观存在的事实，故A项为正确答案。句意：“我本打算打扫房间，可是家里来客人了。

　　A

　　根据题干，“搭车回家”是已经发生的事，首先排除B和D项。根据句意“不管怎莫说，我也要路过你家”。故选was coming表示过去将要。

　　C

　　根据句意，首先应断定是被动语态，即“衣服被毁”；再根据动作发生的时间顺序，即“先遇上雨，后衣服被毁”，故选has been ruined。如果选D的话，则表示“先衣服被毁，后遇上雨”，很明显不对。

　　D

　　考查动词时态。根据句意“我本没有打算伤害你，我刚才只不过是把一只老鼠赶出去，”可知：前一空应用一般过去式，而后一空应用过去进行式。

　　C

　　考查动词时态。从句意“你在电脑前工作的时间太长”可知，动作从过去开始。一直延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去，所以应用现在完成进行时。

　　B

　　the most recent having been launched构成独立主格结构。the most recent指最近发射的载人飞船,与launch是被动关系所以要用动词+ing形式的完成式的被动式。

　　A

　　考查英语时态和语态的应用。根据语境可以看出此题的时态应该是一般将来时。具体时刻表将来要发生的事，一般要用一般现在时来表示。同时此题飞机“起飞”应该是主动语态。注意英语表“将来”的几种方式及其区别：1）shall/will do；  2）be going to ；3）be to do 及be about to do；  4）现在进行时；   5）一般现在时。

　　B

　　考查时态。用现在进行时表将来。

　　D

　　考查时态和语态。通过the whole world cheered可以看出本题用一般过去时，另外比赛应该由某人宣布开始，这里只强调宣布的动作。

　　C

　　句意：如果他们提出的要求被拒绝，工人就会罢工。

　　D

　　考查动词的时态。说话者强调的是现在情况。“这房子现在属于我婶婶的但她不再住这儿了。”显然，But前后的时态应一致。此句用一般现在时表示现阶段的事实情况。

　　B

　　该题通过语境考查时态。第一句用表计划打算的将来时；关键是第二句要用“从现”，没有一般现在时，故用现在完成时，更强调条件：某事完成才能做某事。

　　A

　　该题通过语境考查时态和语态。由下句的“谢谢”得知：这个工作将为你保留到你回来，应用被动语态。该句没有必要用过去完成时。

　　D

　　该题通过语境考查时态. 句意：你把钥匙放那儿了？我记得放在椅子上，因为我（刚才）进来的时候电话响了。“放”的动作发生在过去，而“记得”是我现在的印象。

　　C

　　根据语境可知had given的动作发生在was giving之前

　　B

　　主语为the raw materials（原材料），与动词use存在被动关系，故选B

　　A

　　根据题干动词were可知为过去时

　　B

　　考查动词的时态。主句动作发生在从句动作之前，应选用过去完成时态。

　　C

　　考查动词的时态。前一空表示按计划会发生的动作，用一般现在时；后一空表示打算做某事，用be going to结构。

　　A

　　考查动词的时态和语态。强调过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响，加之主语又是动作的承受者，故采用现在完成时的被动语态。

　　B

　　考查动词的时态。－如果交通不是那么繁忙，我６点前就能回来了. －太遗憾了！Tina曾经来过这儿看你. 本题测试动词的时态的用法。根据句意，Tina现已离开，因此要用过去时。