解析:考查时态和语态。句意:(他们)在澳大利亚发现了金子,这使成千上万的人相信他们就要发财了。主句的谓语动词为一般过去时,因此believe后的宾语从句中谓语动词用过去将来时表示过去即将发生的动作;短语make a fortune意为“赚大钱”,make和fortune为动宾关系,此处应用被动语态,因此答案为C。 答案:C 2.(2010·北京高考)In the spoken English of some areas in
the US,the “r” sounds at the end of the words ________. A.are dropped
B.drop C.are being dropped
D.have dropped 解析:此题考查动词的时态和语态。此句的主语与动词drop之间是被动关系,故可排除B、D两项;C项是进行时的被动语态,不符合题意。 答案:A 3.(2010·陕西高考)It is reported that many a new house
________ at present in the disaster area. A.are being built
B.were being built C.was being built
D.is being built 解析:此题考查语态和主谓一致。“many a+名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数,根据at present可知,时态为现在时。句意:据报道,目前灾区人们正在建设大量新房屋。 答案:D 4.(2010·福建高考)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in
Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they ________ before leaving their hometowns. A.promised
B.were promised C.have promised
D.have been promised 解析:考查时态和语态。本题说的是目前的一种现象,故用现在时,排除A、B两项;又因they与promise之间为被动关系,故应该用被动语态,排除C项。故选D项。 答案:D 5.(2010·四川高考)You've failed to do what you ________ to
and I'm afraid the teacher will blame you. A.will expect
B.will be expected C.expected
D.were expected 解析:考查时态和语态。由语意“你没能按照你被期望的那样去做……”可知,宾语从句中用一般过去时;从句中的主语you是动词expect的承受者,故谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态。 答案:D 做有关被动语态的题目可以分两步走:第一步确定正确的时态,第二步确定正确的语态。判断用主动语态还是用被动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的关系:如果是主谓关系则用主动语态,如果是动宾关系则用被动语态。 1.get+过去分词表被动 They got married last week.他们上周结婚了。 He fell and got hurt.他摔倒受伤了。 2.主动形式表被动意义 (1)系动词look,feel,sound,smell,taste,seem,appear, go,prove,turn等+形容词/名词。 Ice feels cold.冰摸上去凉。 His plan proved (to be) practical. 他的计划被证明符合实际。 (2)表示主语的某种属性的词:read,write,act,cut,draw, drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,look,shut等。 The books sell well.这些书畅销。 The door won't lock.门锁不上。 This coat dries easily.这种外衣容易干。 The plan worked out wonderfully. 这计划进行得很顺利。 The engine won't start.引擎发动不起来。 The pen writes smoothly.这只钢笔写起来流利。 过去进行时的用法 1.过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某动作在某一阶段内发 生或频繁发生。常常与at that time,at this time yesterday 等时间状语连用。 I was reading an interesting book at this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在读一本有趣的书。 2.某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生,其中一个在由when 或while引导的时间状语从句中。持续性动作用过去进行时,短暂性动作用一般过去时。 Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. 当没人注意的时候,汤姆溜进屋来。 As she was reading the newspaper,Granny fell asleep. 奶奶读着报就睡着了。 The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it.那位记者说,当他看到时,不明飞行物正在自东向西飞行。 1.(2010·北京高考)—I'm not finished with my dinner yet. —But our friends ________ for us. A.will wait
B.wait C.have waited
D.are waiting 解析:考查动词时态。句意:“我还没吃完饭呢。” “但我们的朋友在等我们。”表示此刻动作正在进行,故选D。 答案:D 2.(2010·上海高考)The church tower which ________ will
be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished. A.has restored
B.has been restored C.is restoring
D.is being restored 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:教堂的钟塔正在修复,不久就会对游客开放。修复工作差不多完成了。根据语境,主语tower和动词restore之间是被动关系,A、C两项被排除;又由句意可知修复工作还未完成,而是正在进行中,所以不能使用现在完成时,要用现在进行时态。 答案:D 3.(2008·重庆高考)Teenagers ________ their health because
they play computer games too much. A.have damaged
B.are damaging C.damaged
D.will damage 解析:句意:青少年们正在损害自己的健康,因为他们玩的电脑游戏太多了。根据句意,青少年损害健康这一现象尚未完成,符合“进行体具有未完性”的特点。故选B。 答案:B 高考题对现在进行时的考查往往是在具体的语境中进行的,不给出具体的时间状语,要求考生能够通过语境判断出该动作正在进行。 1.表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作;表示现阶段但不一 定是发生在讲话时的一个动作;表近期特定的安排或计划;go,come等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时。 He is teaching English and learning Chinese. 他正教英语和学习汉语。 The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always,often等频度副词连用,表示某种感情色彩) 这个小女孩总是在公众场合下大声谈话。 2.下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。表示感官的动词:see, hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look。表示心理状态、情感的动词:like,love,hate,care,believe,want,mind,wish。表示存在的状态的动词:appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belong to,have,own。表示一时性动作的动词:allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。 1.(2010·天津高考)We ________ on this project for four hours.
Let's have a rest. A.are working
B.have been working C.worked
D.had worked 解析:此题考查时态。由句子语境可知,工作已持续了四个小时,且说话时仍在工作,故用现在完成进行时。 答案:B 2.(2010·江苏高考)—Why,Jack,you look so tired! —Well,I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A.was painting
B.will be painting C.have painted
D.have been painting 解析:考查时态。答话人叙述的是现在的事实,再结合答语中的时间状语可知答话人从过去到现在一直在粉刷房子,而且还要持续下去,所以用现在完成进行时。 答案:D 3.(2010·陕西高考)I have to see the doctor because I ______ a
lot lately. A.have been coughing
B.had coughed C.coughed
D.cough 解析:此题考查时态。由lately可知,该句表示目前一直存在的状态。句意:因为我最近一直咳嗽的厉害所以我必须去看医生。 答案:A 4.(2010·江西高考)Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ________ since her marriage to Father. A.shoulders
B.shouldered C.is shouldering
D.has been shouldering 解析:考查时态。由since介词短语可知,shoulder所表示的动作自两人结婚起一直持续到现在,且现在仍在进行。故用现在完成进行时。注意选择不要受wanted的影响。 答案:D 用题干中给出的时间状语判断动作是否一直在持续,并且是否持续到现在,如果是就用现在完成进行时。 现在完成进行时有以下几种用法 1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且现在 还在进行。 I have been learning English since three years ago. 三年以来我一直在学英语。(现在还在学) The workers have been building the bridge for five months. 工人们建造这座桥已经5个月了。(现在还在修建) 2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,在说话时 刚刚结束。 Where have you been?We have been looking for you everywhere. 你刚才去了哪里?我们一直在到处找你。 1.(2010·福建高考)—Guess what,we've got our visas for a
shortterm visit to the UK this summer. —How nice! You ________ a different culture then. A.will be experiencing
B.have experienced C.have been experiencing
D.will have experienced 解析:考查时态。由then可知,此处表示将来的某个时候在做某事,故用将来进行时,故选A项。 答案:A 2.(2010·浙江高考)If you plant watermelon seeds in the
spring,you ________ fresh watermelon in the fall. A.eat
B.would eat C.have eaten
D.will be eating 解析:考查动词的时态。从if条件句中谓语动词的时态可以知道,主句应该用将来时态,故排除A、B和C项。D项是将来进行时态,强调“将来某个时刻正在进行的动作”,符合语意和语法。 答案:D 3.(2009·安徽高考)Daniel's family ________ their holiday in
Huangshan this time next week. A.are enjoying
B.are to enjoy C.will enjoy
D.will be enjoying 解析:由时间状语“this time next week”可知这里表示的动作是将来某一个时刻正在进行的动作,故用将来进行时,选D。 答案:D 命题人在考查将来进行时的时候往往在题干中给出具体的时间状语,考生可以根据所给的时间状语来判断动作发生的时间。 将来进行时的用法 将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有:at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow,from 1∶30 to 4∶30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。 I will be having a gathering party with my friends at this time tomorrow. 明天这时我将与朋友一起正在聚会。 I will be having a meeting from 2∶30 to 5∶30 tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午2∶30到5∶30我们将正在开会。 1.(全国卷Ⅰ)The discovery of gold in Australia led
thousands to believe that a fortune ________. A.is made
B.would make C.was to be made
D.had made 解析:考查时态的判断。句意:当你到家时,给我打个电话好让我知道你已经安全到达。根据意思,可知现在完成时符合语言环境。 答案:B 2.(2010·山东高考)Up to now,the program ________
thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A.would save
B.saves C.had saved
D.has saved 解析:考查现在完成时。句意:到现在为止,该项目已救助了上千名不然就会面临死亡的孩子。up to now通常和现在完成时连用。 答案:D 3.(2010·北京高考)—I'm sorry,but I don't quite follow you.
Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? —Sorry,I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A.hadn't made
B.wouldn't make C.don't make
D.haven't made 解析:此题考查时态。答语为:对不起,我自己还没弄清楚。因自己没弄清楚而造成对方误解,即这一动作对现在造成了影响,故用现在完成时。A项是指过去的过去;B项是指过去将来;C项表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 答案:D 4.(2010•浙江高考)For many years,people ________
electric cars. However,making them has been more difficult than predicted. A.had dreamed of
B.have dreamed of C.dreamed of
D.dream of 解析:考查时态。从for many years可知,此处谓语动词用完成时态,排除C项和D项;又因后一句用的是现在时态,故排除A项。据此答案应该选B项“现在完成时态”。 答案:B 5.(2010·四川高考)—When shall we restart our business? —Not until we ________ our plan. A.will finish
B.are finishing C.are to finish
D.have finished 解析:考查动词时态。在时间状语从句中,当表示将来完成的意义时,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 答案:D 考生要善于通过已经给出的时间状语、固定句型以及上下文的暗示准确判断应该使用哪种时态。如果句中出现了“for/over+一段时间”“since+过去时间”或时态为一般过去时的从句等或句中出现了already,never,yet等副词,往往要用现在完成时。 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时除可以和for或since引导的状语连用外,还可以和下面的介词短语连用:during/in/over the last (past) few years (months,weeks),in recent years等。 下列句型中常用现在完成时: 1.It is (has been)+一段时间+since从句 This (That/It)is the first(second...) time that+完成时 (2009·陕西高考)This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。 2.在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已 完成的动作。 I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我亲自看到,我才会相信你的话。(强调“看 完”) I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work. 我干完了工作就和你一起去。(强调“干完”) 1.(2010·北京高考)It took me a long time before I was able to
fully appreciate what they ________ for me. A.had done
B.did C.would do
D.were doing 解析:此题考查动词时态。句意:我花了很长时间才能够完全理解他们为我所做的一切。由语境可知,do这一动作发生在took动作之前,表示过去的过去,故选A。 答案:A 2.(2010·安徽高考)—Were you surprised by the ending of
the film? —No,I ______ the book,so I already knew the story. A.was reading
B.had read C.am reading
D.have read 解析:考查时态。问句用的是一般过去时,答语的意思是在此之前已经读过了这本书,所以用过去完成时。 答案:B 3.(2010·湖南高考)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but
someone ________ it.Was it you? A.has done
B.had done C.would do
D.will do 解析:考查时态。do表示的动作发生在was just going to cut my rose bushes之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。 答案:B 4.(2009·重庆高考)She stared at the painting,wondering
where she ________it. A.saw
B.has seen C.sees
D.had seen 解析:句意:她盯着那幅画看,琢磨她是在哪里见过它。由stared可知后面空格处的动作发生在stared这一过去动作之前,因此要用过去完成时表示,故选D。 答案:D 因为过去完成时是一个相对的时态,考生做题时关键看该动作是否发生在题干中所给的过去的动作或过去的时间之前,如果是就用过去完成时,如果不是就用一般过去时。 过去完成时表示发生在“过去的过去”的动作,常用于以下几种情况中: 1.by,by the end,by the time,until,before,since后接 表示过去某一时间的短语或从句,主句用过去完成时。 By the end of last year,another new cinema had been built in our city. 到去年年末,我们城市又建了一座新电影院。 I had learnt 5,000 words before I entered the university. 在我上大学前就学了5,000个单词。 2.表示“一……就……”的几个固定句型:Hardly/No
sooner/Scarcely had+主语+过去分词+when/than/before+从句(一般过去时)。 Hardly(No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。 Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre. 我们才刚刚动身,汽车的轮胎就漏气了。 3.intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect, think等动词的过去完成时可用来表示一个本来打算做而实际上没有做的事。这种用法也可表示过去未曾实现的设想意图或希望,含有某种惋惜。 I had intended to call on you yesterday,but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave. 我昨天本来要去看你的,但是刚要出门就有人来访。 I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.我本想去帮你的,但当时确实太忙了。 1.(2010·湖南高考)I walked slowly through the market,where
people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A.sell
B.were selling C.had sold
D.have sold 解析:考查时态。此处为“我”在市场慢走时所看到的那幅情景,即过去某个时候正在发生的动作,故用过去进行时。 答案:B 2.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? —No,I ________ my homework all day yesterday. A.was doing
B.would do C.had done
D.do 解析:考查时态。根据时间状语all day yesterday可知“昨天我一整天都在写作业”。表示在过去某个时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,因此答案为A。 答案:A 3.(2009·山东高考)I was out of town at the time,so I don't
know exactly how it ________. A.was happening
B.happened C.happens
D.has happened 解析:句意:那时我不在镇上,因此我不知道那时候究竟发生了什么事情。由时间状语at the time以及exactly可知这里强调“当时”正在发生的动作,要用过去进行时表示,故选A。 答案:A 命题人在考查过去进行时时往往会在题干中给出一些具体的时间状语或者给出一定的语境,让考生能够判断出该动作在过去某一时候正在进行。 1.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Excuse me.I ________ I was blocking
your way. A.didn't realize
B.don't realize C.haven't realized
D.wasn't realizing 解析:考查时态。根据第二句后半部分的内容可知叙述的是过去的情况,此处表示的是说话之前没有意识到挡住了对方的路,所以用一般过去时。 答案:A 2.(2010·重庆高考)The book has been translated into thirty
languages since it ________ on the market in 1973. A.had come
B.has come C.came
D.comes 解析:考查时态。since所引导的从句通常用一般过去时。 答案:C 3.(2010·安徽高考)Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he ________. A.was busy B.is busy C.had been busy
D.will be busy 解析:考查时态。would have done表示本来要做某事,可是实际上并没有做,是对过去事情的虚拟。此处but说明实际情况。故用一般过去时。 答案:A 4.(2009·四川高考)—You speak very good French! —Thanks.I ________ French in Sichuan University for four years. A.studied
B.study C.was studying
D.had studied 解析:句意:“你的法语说得真好!”“谢谢。我在四川大学学过四年的法语。”由语境可知“学习法语”的动作发生在过去,要用一般过去时表示。 答案:A 5.(2009•重庆高考)—I've got to go now. —Must you?I ________ you could stay for dinner with us. A.think
B.thought C.have thought
D.am thinking 解析:由语境可知这里的“我原以为你要留下来和我们一起吃饭”是发生在过去,强调动作本身,只表示发生过这件事,并不强调动作对现在的影响,因此用一般过去时而不用现在完成时。故选B。 答案:B 1.解答考查一般过去时这类题目的关键是根据语境判断动 作是否发生在过去。 2.一般过去时的基本用法:表示过去的事情、动作或状态, 常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示); 用于表示过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到 的事。 —If the traffic hadn't been so heavy,I could have been back by 6 o'clock.要是交通不那么拥挤的话,六点之前我本来能够回来的。 —What a pity!Tina was here to see you. 太可惜了!Tina来这里看望你了。 3.在过去某一具体时间的前提下发生了某件事情要用一般 过去时表示。 —Have you ever seen that movie? 你曾看过那部电影吗? —Yes.When I was in Tokyo,I saw it three times. 是的,当我在东京时,我看过三次。 4.表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词语连接,用一 般过去时。如:but,and,when,as soon as,immediately,the moment,the minute。 He bought a watch but lost it. 他买了一块手表但丢了。 The moment she came in,she told me what had happened to her.她一进来,她就告诉我她发生了什么事情。 1.(2010·上海高考)Every few years,the coal workers
________ their lungs Xrayed to ensure their health. A.are having
B.have C.have had
D.had had 解析:考查动词的时态。句意:每隔几年,煤矿工人们都要对肺部进行X光检查,以确保身体健康。根据every few years (每隔几年)可知动作是经常性的,有规律的,所以用一般现在时。 答案:B 2.(2010·辽宁高考)I ________ all the cooking for my family, but recently I've been too busy to do it. A.will do
B.do C.am doing
D.had done 解析:考查时态。根据语意可知:通常由我来为家人做饭,但是因为最近很忙,所以我没有时间做。第一句是陈述的事实,因此应该用一般现在时。 答案:B 3.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the
only one of the women who ________ evening dress. A.wear
B.wears C.has worn
D.have worn 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。who引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词前有the only限制,所以从句用单数谓语动词,再结合本句语意可知用一般现在时。 答案:B 4.(2010·重庆高考)The palace caught fire three times in the
last century,and little of the original building ________ now. A.remains
B.is remained C.is remaining
D.has been remained 解析:考查动词。remain是不及物动词,故没有被动语态,排除B、D两项,表示“存在”意义的状态性动词一般不用于进行时,所以此处用一般现在时。 答案:A 5.(2009•辽宁高考)My parents have promised to come to
see me before I ________ for Africa. A.have left
B.leave
C.left
D.will leave 解析:这里before引导的是一个时间状语从句。本来“动身去非洲”是一个将要发生的动作,这里要用一般现在时代替一般将来时,故选B。 答案:B 1.命题人考查一般现在时时往往利用一些时态错位的特 例,这种题目在高考中出现的次数比较多。上面的例子都是考查一般现在时,题干中大多没有出现具体的时间状语,需要考生根据所给的语境判断动作发生的时间。另外,在状语从句中要用现在的时态表示将来的动作。 2.表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象,无论在什么情况 下都用一般现在时表示。 The geography teacher told us the earth travels around the sun. 地理老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。 3.表示感觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常 用一般现在时,这些单词有:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,believe,like,hate,want,think,belong,seem等。 I really like the cloth from Suzhou.It is made of silk and feels soft.我非常喜欢来自苏州的这块布料,它是用蚕丝做的,摸起来很软。 4.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将 来时。但要注意在由if引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示时态。 —What will you do if it rains tomorrow? 如果明天下雨你们做什么? —We have to carry it on,since we've got everything ready.我们必须执行计划,因为你们已做好一切安排。 You may go with me if you will listen to me. 如果你愿意听我的话,你可以跟我一起去。 5.少数用于表示起止的动词,如:come,go,leave, arrive,fly,return,start,begin,open,close,end,stop等常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。动词be的一般现在时可表将来时间,强调未来的事实或早已规定的事。 The shop closes at 11∶00 p.m. every day. 商店每天在晚上11点关门。 The flight takes off at 2∶30 every Wednesday and Friday.飞机每星期三、五2∶30起飞。 1.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)When you are home,give a
call to let me know you ________ safely. A.are arriving
B.have arrived C.had arrived
D.will arrive
World’s steepest railway line 世界上最陡峭的缆索铁路
2017年最火的网络流行语是这些![1]
Mother’s words 妈妈的话
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