2015高考英语一轮精讲教案：必修5 （4）

　　：必修5 Unit 2（2）

　　It looked splendid when first built!

　　刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌！

　　当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分含有动词be时，这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉，省略后的部分为“when＋分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。

　　①(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Though_surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.

　　教授看到我们虽然很惊讶，但是还是热情地欢迎了我们。

　　②Look out for cars when_(you_are)_crossing the road.

　　在过马路时要注意车辆。

　　③When (you are) in trouble，ask him for help.

　　遇到困难时可向他求助。Worried about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。

　　(1)worried about...为过去分词短语作状语，表原因。

　　Lost_in_thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.

　　陷入沉思，他几乎撞上了前面的小汽车。

　　Addicted to the computer games，Jack fell behind the others.

　　迷恋于电脑游戏，杰克的学习落后于其他同学。

　　(2)available adj.可以利用的；有用的；有空的

　　There are plenty of jobs available in the western part of the country.在那个国家西部地区有许多工作供你选择。

　　I regret to inform you that there are_no_tickets_available for Friday’s performance.

　　我很遗憾地通知你，星期五演出的票没有了。It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.

　　奇怪的是，这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在这里去世。

　　(1)在It is/was/seems/seemed strange (necessary，natural，important，a pity) that...句型里，that引导的主语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

　　①It is strange that he (should) have done such silly things.

　　真是奇怪，他竟然做出如此傻的事情。

　　②It is important that we (should)_keep_calm when we are facing difficulties.

　　重要的是，在面对困难时我们应保持冷静。

　　(2)在It is/was suggested (ordered，required，desired，advocated，etc.)that...句型中，that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

　　③It is advised that one (should) take plenty of boiled water.

　　有人建议每个人都应多喝开水。

　　④It is recommended that the plan (should)_be_delayed.

　　有人建议推迟这次计划。

　　Ⅰ.句型转换

　　1．Don’t you think it is necessary for him to be sent to Miami but to New York?

　　→Don’t you think it is necessary that he________ ________ ________to Miami but to New York?

　　答案：　should be sent

　　2．Because he was lost in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.

　　→________ ________ ________，he almost ran into the car in front of him.

　　答案：　Lost in thought

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2017·南平毕业班质检)We are all convinced that time，________effectively，is money in the bank.

　　A．to use B．used

　　C．using D．use

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：我们都相信，时间被有效地利用的话它就像是存在银行里的钱。从句的主语time和动词use之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的­ed形式作状语。此处used effectively相当于if time is used effectively。

　　答案：　B

　　2．(2017·金华十校联考)________not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.

　　A．Being reminded B．To remind

　　C．Having reminded D．Reminded

　　解析：　句意为：“尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，但一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。”由于remind和some drivers是动宾关系，也就是说，司机是被提醒的，所以用过去分词表被动和完成。

　　答案：　D

　　3．(2017·西安中学模考)It’s strange that the boy________leave the classroom without saying anything.

　　A．would B．could

　　C．should D．will

　　解析：　考查情态动词。句意为：很奇怪，那个男孩竟然什么也没说就离开了教室。should在此表示“竟然”。

　　答案：　C

　　4．(2017·长沙市南雅中学模拟)________that he might lose his job，Peter always works extra hours to please his boss.

　　A．Worrying

　　B．Having worried

　　C．Having been worried

　　D．Worried

　　解析：　考查过去分词短语作状语。因状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，故改写成过去分词短语的形式，原句可改写为：Peter is worried that he might lose his job。

　　答案：　D

　　5．(2017·南通模拟)When electric cars become________，we’ll need to build more charging stations.

　　A．available B．accessible

　　C．attractive D．alternative

　　解析：　句意为：当电动汽车变得普及时，我们需要建立更多的充电站。

　　答案：　A

　　clarify vt.澄清，讲清楚，阐明

　　clarify one’s stand/position阐明立场

　　There is no need to worry I’ll clarify my stand at a proper time.

　　没有必要担心，我将在合适的时候阐明我的立场。possibility n．可能(性)

　　There is (a) possibility that...可能……

　　There is no possibility that...不可能……

　　There is no possibility that he can finish the task in such a short time.在这么短的时间内完成任务是没有可能的。accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现

　　He accomplished his task ahead of time.

　　他提前完成了任务。break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离

　　The criminal broke away from the policemen who were holding him.那罪犯从抓着他的警察手里逃脱了。

　　【写作素材】

　　1．我们很幸运能有机会参观博物馆。

　　2．博物馆共分为三部分，分别为建筑艺术、收藏画和雕塑。

　　3．所有的三部分都会给大家带来无限乐趣。

　　4．我们将分为三组去参观。

　　5．希望大家玩的好。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　【连句成篇】

　　We are so lucky to have the opportunity to visit the museum.The museum consists of three parts，one for architecture，one for painting collections and the other for statues，all of which will bring you much delight.Now all of us will be divided into 3 groups to see them and I wish all of you an enjoyable time.

　　过去分词作宾补

　　1．(2017·西安高新一中摸底考试)Eric is an early bird and is often seen________in the library reading far into the night.

　　A．sits B．sit

　　C．seating D．seated

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。根据固定搭配be seated可知，应选D，在句中作主语补足语。该空也可用sitting形式。句意为：艾瑞克是一个勤奋的人，他经常被看到在图书馆里看书看到深夜。

　　答案：　D

　　2．(2017·东北三省四市二次联考)Children found the lecture so hard________that they felt sleepy.

　　A．to be understood B．to understand

　　C．understood D．understanding

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：孩子们觉得这个讲座很难理解，所以感到很困。动词的不定式在作表语/补语的形容词后面作状语时，用主动形式表被动意义。

　　答案：　B

　　3．(2017·东北四市模拟一)The teacher was a bit surprised since she seldom saw articles________in red ink.

　　A．write B．writing

　　C．written D．to be written

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。written in red ink是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于which were written in red ink。

　　答案：　C

　　4．(2017·皖南八校第三次联考)It is necessary that we keep the young generation________of the

　　current affairs.

　　A．informed

　　B．being informed

　　C．informing

　　D．to inform

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：让年轻一代时刻了解时事是很有必要的。the young generation和inform之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用informed。

　　答案：　A

　　5．(2017·湖南部分重点中学5月联考)Americans seldom sit down to a regular meal as they like things________immediately.

　　A．done B．being done

　　C．doing D．be done

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：美国人很少(好好地)坐下来吃顿饭，因为他们喜欢速战速决。things与do之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故选A项。

　　答案：　A课时作业(二十二)　Unit 2　The United Kingdom

　　(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)

　　第五讲　“藏而不露”的推理判断题

　　推理判断题是阅读理解题中难度较大的一类题，它包括判断和推理的过程。解答推理判断题要以文字信息为依据，既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息进行多步推理。考生解题时通常需要透过文字的表层意思，在全文的背景下理解文章的深层含义。

　　(2017·天津卷 )

　　When asked about happiness，we usually think of something extraordinary，an absolute delight，which seems to get rarer the older we get.

　　For kids，happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved (毫无掩饰的)．

　　In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement，love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.

　　In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love，marriage，birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults，happiness is complicated (复杂的)．

　　My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have，the happier we are.It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends，the freedom to live where we please，and even good health.

　　I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch­box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing，which I love.When the kids and my husband came home，I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.

　　Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don’t think that my grandmother，who raised 14 children，had much of either.She did have a

　　network of close friends and family，and maybe this is what satisfied

　　her.

　　We，however，with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area，have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve

　　got to have.We’re so self­conscious about our “right” to it that it’s

　　making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and

　　success，without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t

　　necessarily happier.

　　Happiness isn’t about what happens to us—it’s about how we

　　see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for

　　every negative.It’s not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying

　　what we do possess.

　　语篇解读　本文为议论文。题材为个人情感与人际关系。文章介绍了随着我们年龄的增加和对成功追求压力的加大，我们逐渐忽略了身边快乐的存在。在生活中容易满足的人会更快乐。

　　1．As people grow older，they________.

　　A．fed it harder to experience happiness

　　B．associate their happiness less with others

　　C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness

　　D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness

　　解析：　细节理解题。由第一段的“...，which seems to get rarer the older we get.”可知，我们年龄越大，快乐就会越少。

　　答案：　A

　　2．What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 5 and 6?

　　A．She cares little about her own health.

　　B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.

　　C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.

　　D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.

　　解析：　推理判断题。第五段主要讲了作者对快乐的理解：我们越享受我们所拥有的，我们就会越快乐。第六段主要讲了作者的一次经历，孩子和丈夫的吵闹声也让作者感受到了快乐。所以从这两段我们可以得知作者很容易从日常生活中感到快乐。答案：　C

　　3．What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?

　　A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.

　　B．Psychologists’ opinion is well proved by Grandma’s case.

　　C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.

　　D．Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life.

　　解析：　推理判断题。本段心理学家认为快乐的来源是有可以享受的休闲时间和令人满意的工作。而作者的奶奶对于心理学家认为的快乐来源都没有，但是有自己的朋友和亲人，这或许是让奶奶满意也是快乐的事情。故选D项，奶奶的快乐来自于对生活适度的期盼。

　　答案：　D

　　4．People who equal happiness with wealth and success________.

　　A．consider pressure something blocking their way

　　B．stress their right to happiness too much

　　C．are at a loss to make correct choices

　　D．are more likely to be happy

　　解析：　推理判断题。第八段告诉我们：在每个领域我们有太多的选择和追求成功的压力，我们已经把快乐变成了另外一个东西，甚至把它等同于财富和成功，但是我们没有注意到其实拥有财富和成功的人不一定更快乐。

　　答案：　B

　　5．What can be concluded from the passage?

　　A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.

　　B．Each man is the master of his own fate.

　　C．Success leads to happiness.

　　D．Happy is he who is content.

　　解析：　推理判断题。本篇文章的中心段是最后一段。在最后一段作者指出我们的快乐不是去期望我们没有得到的东西，而是要享受我们所拥有的。

　　答案：　D

　　1．细节性推理判断题不同于一般的细节理解题，它要求考生要根据文章的内容去推断言外之意，而细节理解题只需要在原文中去寻找恰当的内容。因此此类命题往往是以文章要体现的观点、作者对某一事件的认识为命题点，往往会出现在文章本身或某个段落的开头、结尾的要点归纳的地方。

　　例如真题示例第3题为细节性推理判断题，由本段可知，奶奶满意快乐的事情是有自己的亲人和朋友，因此可推断出奶奶的快乐是来自对生活适度的期盼。

　　2．综合性推理判断题通常围绕文章的若干个段落或整个文章提出，如果单纯只看文章中的某一个句子或段落都很难得出全面而准确的答案，因此要综合考虑。在所给的选项中，有的是阅读材料中的细节，并非推理；而有的推理，虽然在文章中可以找到依据，但只是从某个细节或段落得出的内容，而不能概括整篇的内容要求，因此解答这类题目时一定要把所有的信息都综合起来考虑，与整篇文章相吻合，而不只是与一个点相吻合。

　　例如真题示例第5题，此题为综合性推理判断题，作者在文章最后一段提出主题，即“我们的快乐不是去期望我们没有得到的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西”。

　　完形填空（共20小题每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文掌握其大意然后从 21～40 各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑I was walking in my school campus from my office to my car at about 9pm. On the way, I ran into a fellow who was ____21____ lost. He asked me for directions, saying he needed to get to East Palo Alto. But the ____22_____ was that he was walking in the complete opposite direction!

　　I _____23____ him in the correct direction, but warned him it was a long way off. He didn't speak English very well, and generally seemed without sense of ____24_____. I quickly felt like helping him. ____25_____ he was a big guy, I got the ____26_____ that he was harmless.

　　I sent him on his way, and I walked away towards my car. Just as he was going out of a short way, something ____27_____ me clicked, and I offered him a ____28_____. He gratefully accepted, and he offered to show me his ID. I declined, but ____29_____ my hand and introduced myself. He said his name was Mario.

　　Mario followed me to my car. When I unlocked the passenger door for him, he didn't get in _____30____ I assured him it was fine. As we sat in the car together, I suddenly got ____31_____. “If this guy wanted, he could hurt me and take my car”, I ____32_____ calling my brother as a safety precaution (预防措施), but then I felt determined not to feel scared.

　　Mario and I got into some _____33____. He told me about his family in Mexico, how he works _____34____ doesn't ever earn enough, how he used to live near Fresno and work on the farms but now ____35_____ more in the Bay Area. It was good talking to him, though I couldn't shake the nervousness completely. I kept asking him questions that would give me clues as to ____36_____he was being truthful.

　　When we got into East Palo Alto, I pulled into a gas station and told him it was as far as I could take him. He quickly got out and ____37_____ me several times, saying he _____38____ find his way home from there.

　　Thinking back on it, I am glad to give a ride to Mario. Although it was risky, I think such things should be done without _____39____, or not at all. I wouldn't say I'd _____40____ a hitchhiker（搭车人）again, but I know that if I did, I would make sure I could offer more love and less fear.

　　21. A. eventually

　　B. obviously

　　C. naturally

　　D. casually

　　22. A. problem

　　B. chance

　　C. cause

　　D. effect

　　23. A. approved

　　B. expressed

　　C. pointed

　　D. announced

　　24. A. humour

　　B. direction

　　C. responsibility

　　D. safety

　　25. A. Though

　　B. Since

　　C. As

　　D. When

　　26. A. impression

　　B. colleague

　　C. fact

　　D. choice

　　27. A. in

　　B. over

　　C. about

　　D. through

　　28. A. greeting

　　B. present

　　C. suggestion

　　D. ride

　　29. A. put up

　　B. turned out

　　C. looked up

　　D. held out

　　30. A. when

　　B. after

　　C. until

　　D. since

　　31. A. nervous

　　B. generous

　　C. distant

　　D. familiar

　　32. A. suggested

　　B. imagined

　　C. considered

　　D. appreciated

　　33. A. friendship

　　B. conversations

　　C. instructions

　　D. cooperation

　　34. A. and

　　B. or

　　C. but

　　D. so

　　35. A. earns

　　B. devotes

　　C. supports

　　D. sponsors

　　36. A. why

　　B. how

　　C. what

　　D. whether

　　37. A. praised

　　B. encouraged

　　C. warned

　　D. thanked

　　38. A. must

　　B. needed

　　C. could

　　D. dared

　　39. A. pride

　　B. fear

　　C. trust

　　D. courage

　　40. A. turn against

　　B. leave out

　　C. pick up

　　D. believe in

　　21. B. obviously明显的。A. eventually最后 ，C. naturally自然的，D. casually随便的。

　　22. A. problem 问题是。B. chance 机会，C. cause原因，D. effect影响。

　　23. C. pointed指路。A. approved 赞成， B. expressed表达， D. announced 通知。

　　24. B. direction方向感。

　　A. humour 幽默，C. responsibility责任，D. safety安全。

　　25. A. Though虽然。B. Since由于。

　　26. . impression留下印象。. colleague 同事， C. fact事实. choice 选择

　　27. A. in在我心里。B. over 上面，C. about关，D. through 通过。

　　28. B. ride给人搭车。A. greeting 问候，B. present礼物，C. suggestion 建议。

　　29. D. held out伸出手。A. put up举手，B. turned out证明，结果，C. looked up 抬头看

　　30. C. until直到。 A. when当---时， B. after在---以后 D. since 自从---

　　31. A. nervous感到紧张。B. generous 慷慨的，C. distant 有距离的，D. familiar熟悉的。

　　32. C. considered考虑。A. suggested建议，B. imagined 想象，D. appreciated感激。

　　33. B. conversations 谈话。A. friendship友谊，C. instructions指导D. ooperation合作。

　　34. C. but转折。

　　35. A. earns挣钱。B. devotes奉献， C. supports 支持， D. sponsors赞助。

　　36. D. whether 是否。

　　37. D. thanked 感谢。A. praised表扬，B. encouraged鼓励， C. warned提醒。

　　38. C. could能。 A. must必须，B. needed需要，D. dared敢。

　　39. B. fear害怕。 A. pride自豪，C. trust 信任，D. courage勇气。

　　40. C. pick up接人。 A. turn against背叛，B. leave out 遗漏，D. believe in相信。