2015高考英语一轮精讲教案：必修3 （10）

　　必修3 Unit 5（2）

　　Rather than take the aeroplane all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.

　　她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。

　　rather than宁愿……而不愿……；而不是……；与其……

　　倒不如(连接平行结构)

　　①Rather than leave his parents，he would work in a local factory.

　　不愿离开父母，他宁愿在当地的一家工厂工作。

　　②I always prefer to start early，rather_than leave everything to the last minute.

　　我总是愿意早早地开始，而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。

　　③There was nothing we could do other_than wait.

　　除了等待以外，我们没有其他办法。

　　(1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。

　　(2)would rather＋从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；过去完成时表示过去的愿望。

　　④They said the director，rather than the clerks，was responsible for the incident.

　　他们说不是职员，而是主管要为这次事件负责。

　　⑤—Do you mind if I smoke？你介意我抽烟吗？

　　—Well，I’d rather you_didn’t.嗯，最好别抽烟。

　　It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.

　　那儿湿度很大，树木极高，有些树的高度超过90米。

　　some measuring over 90 metres为独立主格结构在句中作伴随状语。

　　独立主格结构在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件或伴随等。其结构方式如下：

　　(1)名词(代词)＋现在分词

　　如果时间允许，我们就去徒步旅行。

　　(2)名词(代词)＋过去分词

　　②He lay there，his teeth set，his eyes looking straight up.

　　他躺在那儿，牙关紧闭，两眼直视上方。(表方式)

　　(3)名词(代词)＋不定式③Many trees，flowers，and grass to be planted，our newly­built school will look even more beautiful.

　　种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。(表原因)

　　(4)名词(代词)＋副词

　　④The_meeting_over，our headmaster soon left the meeting room.

　　散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。(表时间)

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　1．The problem is that most students prefer to communicate with their Internet friends ____________________(而不是他们的父母)．

　　答案：　rather than their parents

　　2．I would rather (that) you____________________________(没做那件事)．

　　答案：　hadn’t done that thing

　　3．He played the computer games till late last night，______________(更确切地说)，early this morning.

　　答案：　or rather

　　4．__________________(天气许可的话)，we will go out for a walk.

　　答案：　Weather permitting

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2017·哈尔滨四校高三统一检测)Children dream of being sporting superstars________________________________doctors and lawyers when they grow up.

　　A．other than B．rather than

　　C．more than D．less than

　　解析：　考查短语辨析。句意为：孩子们梦想长大以后成为体育巨星，而不是医生和律师。根据句意可知应选rather than，表示“而不是”。

　　答案：　B

　　2．(2017·郑州第一次质量预测)To help the children who have lost their parents，it takes love and care________money.

　　A．no more than B．rather than

　　C．less than D．other than

　　解析：　句意为：要帮助失去父母的孩子，除了钱之外，还需要爱和关心。no more than仅仅；rather than而不是；less than少于；other than除……之外。由句意可知D项正确。

　　答案：　D

　　3．(2017·辽宁六校高三上学期联考)The classroom is crowded with children________have poor eyesight，all of________interested in painting.

　　A．who；whom B．that；whom网C．who；them D．that；who

　　解析：　考查定语从句和独立主格。句意为：教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。“who have poor eyesight”是定语从句，修饰先行词children。“all of them interested in painting”是独立主格结构。

　　答案：　C

　　4．(2017·江西省高三上学期七校联考)—Why do you look so upset?

　　—________，I had to take over his work.

　　A．His being away B．He was away

　　C．He had been away D．He being away

　　解析：　考查独立主格。答语中逗号前面的部分是独立主格结构，在句中充当状语，相当于状语从句“Because he was away”。

　　答案：　D

　　confirm

　　vt.证实；证明(尤指提供证据来证明)；批准

　　confirm one’s belief坚定信念It has been confirmed that...已经确定……

　　The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.

　　最近的空难坚定了我的信念，那就是更需要安全规则。

　　tradition

　　n．传统；风俗

　　It is a tradition for us to exchange gifts during the Spring Festivals.春节期间交换礼物是我们的传统。

　　manage to do sth. 设法成功地做某事

　　However，it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.

　　然而，似乎拜伦的确设法很愉快地度过了那段时光。

　　【写作素材】

　　1．加拿大是世界上第二大国家，面积9,976,000平方千米，人口大约3千多万。

　　2．加拿大位于北美大陆的北部，东临大西洋，南与美国接壤。

　　3．加拿大自然资源丰富，英语和法语是加拿大的官方语言，渥太华是世界最美丽的都城之一，也是人们定居的好地方。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　【连句成篇】

　　Covering an area of 9,976,000 square kilometres，Canada is the second largest country in the world with a population of more than thirty million.It is located in the north of North America with the Atlantic on its east，bordering the US on the south.Canada is rich in natural resources.People speak English and French as their official languages.Ottawa

　　is

　　one

　　of

　　the most beautiful capitals in the world as well as a good place for people to settle down.

　　同位语从句

　　1．(2017·南京一模)Scientists have found evidence from their research________painful early experiences can make the nervous system experience pain more strongly in the future.

　　A．where

　　B．what

　　C．that D．when

　　解析：　考查同位语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导同位语从句解释说明evidence的内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2017·西安名校三检)The fact has worried many scientists________the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

　　A．what B．which

　　C．that D．though

　　解析：　考查同位语从句。句意为：这些年地球变得越来越暖和的事实已经令很多科学家担忧。补充说明名词fact的同位语从句由that引导。

　　答案：　C

　　3．(2017·成都高三模考)Tony eventually realized his childhood dream________he could play on one of the top teams.

　　A．when B．that

　　C．of which D．where

　　解析：　考查同位语从句。此处dream是抽象名词，that引导的句子作它的同位语从句，说明dream的具体内容。

　　答案：　B

　　4．(2017·山东日照高三5月检测)The head teacher entered the classroom with the message________some of my classmates failed in the latest exam.

　　A．when B．which

　　C．that D．as

　　解析：　考查同位语从句。that在句中引导同位语从句，说明前面的名词message的具体内容。

　　答案：　C

　　5．(2017·临沂一模)—Have you got any idea________you will be next year?

　　—I may stay here，or I may end up in Shanghai for all I know.

　　A．what B．where

　　C．how D．who

　　解析：　考查同位语从句。句意为：——你知道明年你会在哪儿吗？——我可能会留在这里，或者就我所知，可能会在上海。根据答语中的“here”和“in Shanghai”可知，空处应用where。

　　答案：　B课时作业(十五)　Unit 5　Canada—“The True North”

　　(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)

　　第二讲　容易“顾此失彼”的“main idea”型主旨大意题

　　“main idea”型主旨大意题也属于阅读理解中的深层理解题。这种题型中的干扰项通常和文章中的某一细节有关，因此许多考生往往只根据文中的某一信息盲目确定答案。

　　(2017·安徽卷)

　　Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.You may wonder how paving (铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water.A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater.Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers.It comes from underground.The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.

　　Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺)．Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts (干旱) than areas with more rainfall，but in any case，good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.

　　Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too.In the United States，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day！This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.

　　You can take steps to save water in your home.To start with，use the same glass for your drinking water all day.Wash it only once a day.Run your dishwasher (洗碗机) only when it is full.Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.

　　语篇解读　本文为一篇议论文。文章讨论的是人类活动对于水供应的隐形影响。

　　1．Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?

　　A．Using river water.

　　B．Throwing batteries away.

　　C．Paving parking lots.

　　D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.

　　解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知选C项。

　　答案：　C

　　2．What can be inferred from the text?

　　A．All water shortages are due to human behavior.

　　B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.

　　C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.

　　D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.

　　解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺)．”可排除A项。根据第三段最后一句“This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.”可知D项不正确。本文强调的是减少用水量，而不是家庭的人数，故C项错误。根据全文的内容可推知，水浪费、水污染和水需求不断增长，解决水短缺问题需要付出大量的努力。

　　答案：　B

　　3．The last paragraph is intended to________.

　　A．show us how to fix leaks at home

　　B．tell us how to run a dishwasher

　　C．prove what drinking glass is best for usD．suggest what we do to save water at home

　　解析：　写作意图题。最后一段首句“You can take steps to save water in your home.”为主题句，接下来从四个方面就steps进行了展开，即四个方法或措施。显然，本段主要是讨论我们在家里如何节约用水。

　　答案：　D

　　4．The text is mainly about________.

　　A．why paving roads reduces our water

　　B．how much we depend on water to live

　　C．why droughts occur more in dry climates

　　D．how human activity affects our water supply

　　解析：　主旨大意题。本文为议论文，文章开门见山直入主题：...clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.讨论的是人类对于水供应的显性和隐性影响。第二段首句“Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺)．”似乎将话题转入自然方面的原因，但接下来的“but in any case，good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs”又将话题转回到人类自身方面——管理。第三段中的“Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too.”以及第四段中的“You can take steps to save water in your home.”均指向的是人类行为对于水供应的影响。

　　答案：　D

　　主旨大意题要求考生要善于抓取文章的主题句。主题句通常表达了文章的中心思想(main idea)，考生找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。因此，“主题句定位法”是解答主旨大意题的一种行之有效的方法。主题句通常在文章的开头或结尾出现，但是也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就需要考生抓住文章中的关键词进行归纳概括。

　　例如真题示例第4题，文章第一段第一句“Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that...”是文章的主题，用水过多或者把垃圾扔进河里，就是这样的人类行为让我们的水资源处于匮乏之中，但这种方式也影响到我们的用水供应，以下篇幅主要围绕人类如何影响水资源展开的，故D项正确。