2016届高考英语二轮专题限时训练：（34）史地自然型阅读理解（2）

　　专题限时训练(三十四)　[史地自然型阅读理解(二)]

　　(限时：25分钟)

　　(一)

　　The opera house in Santa Fe, New Mexico, is one of the most beautiful ones in the United States. It is small and open, with one roof over the stage where singers perform and another roof over part of the audience. This opera house in the mountain is one of the best in the country, which may seem surprising because performances are only given during the seven weeks in summer, and because Santa Fe is a very small city.

　　One reason why the Santa Fe Opera is so good is that it attracts many excellent young singers. They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like Metropolitan Opera House in New York City someday, and they work hard to become well known during the summer. The musicians and directors are experts who come from the best orchestras(管弦乐队) and operas in the country during their vacations. They enjoy working there because they like to live in Santa Fe, which is near both the mountains and the desert. It is very beautiful there in summer.

　　The state government of New Mexico advertises the Santa Fe Opera in the newspapers all over the country, and a great many tourists come to New Mexico because of the opera. Still, most of the audience does come from Santa Fe and other nearby cities, and all the seats in the theatre are sold for every show.

　　There is only one thing that some people do not like about the Santa Fe Opera, and that is the cold weather. Because the theatre is open, performances cannot start before it gets dark at nine o'clock in the evening, and then the mountain air becomes very cool. Sometimes people complain about the cold air, but because the operas are good, these people come back again wearing warm coats.

　　1．This passage mainly introduces ________.

　　A．a mountain city

　　B．young musicians

　　C．an opera house

　　D．the tourism in Santa Fe

　　2．Yong singers come to perform in Santa Fe Opera because ________.　

　　A．the music quality is high

　　B．they enjoy the climate there

　　C．they want to be famous

　　D．they like the scenery there

　　3．It seems surprising that Santa Fe becomes famous because ________.

　　A．it is only a very small place

　　B．it is between the mountains and the desert

　　C．all the seats are sold for every show

　　D．musicians there are from the best orchestras

　　4．From the passage, we can learn that ________.

　　A．the opera house is open without any roofs

　　B．musicians always spend vacations in Santa Fe

　　C．the government advertises to attract more musicians

　　D．performances are held in Santa Fe Opera only after it is dark

　　(二)

　　All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal­Mart to buy everything.In Texas, they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine(涡轮机), which supplies 5% of the store's electricity.It along with other facilities, such as exterior walls coated with heat­reflective paint, makes this

　　Wal­Mart a green giant.

　　The laws of economics suggest that Wal­Mart, with 5, 200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the prices of all kinds of goods.It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility, and the impact could be amazing.“One little change in product packaging could

　　save 1, 500 trees，” says Wal­Mart's former CEO Lee Scott.“If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50 barrels of oil, at the end of the day they have made a huge difference.”

　　Scott wants Wal­Mart to do its part too.He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) over the next few years and promised to construct new stores that are more efficient.He wants Wal­Mart's fleet(车队) of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2015.Factories that show Wal­Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.Wal­Mart says it's working with consumer­product manufacturers to

　　reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so.

　　Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attention from Wal­Mart's controversial labour and

　　health insurance practices.But it's not just window dressing, because Wal­Mart sees profits in going green.Scott says，“This_is_a_business_philosophy,_not_a_social_philosophy.We don't go where we don't think there's great interest in change.”

　　Like Bill Gates, who started his charitable foundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal­Mart's image at a time when his company's reputation is declining.He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield(保护) Wal­Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.“By doing what we're doing today, we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything，” he says.“At some point businesses will be held responsible for the action they take.”Meanwhile, should Wal­Mart succeed in shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company would profit.

　　5．We can infer from the passage that ________.

　　A．Lee Scott is Wal­Mart's present CEO

　　B．there are 5, 200 stores in the world

　　C．Wal­Mart has a great influence on the world market

　　D．Wal­Mart has more than 7,000 trucks all over the world　

　　6．What does the underlined sentence “This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy.” mean in the fourth paragraph?

　　A．Wal­Mart predicts huge profits in its green activity.

　　B．Wal­Mart's green activity is just window dressing.

　　C．Wal­Mart aims to solve its health insurance practices.

　　D．Wal­Mart doesn't have any social responsibility at all.

　　7．What will Wal­Mart probably do in the future?

　　A．Reduce air pollution in its present stores.

　　B．Give favourable treatment to its consumers.

　　C．Ask the factories to reduce their packaging.

　　D．Demand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before.

　　8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

　　A．Provide the background of the green plan.

　　B．Stress the purpose of Wal­Mart's green plan.

　　C．Present the risks that Wal­Mart is facing nowadays.

　　D．Analyse the similarity between Bill Gates and Scott.

　　(三)

　　Imagine living in a city made of glass. No, this isn't a fairy tale. If you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Washington State, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.

　　The reef you'd be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). But how can animals be made of glass? Well, glass is formed from a substance called silica. The sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. Be careful! Some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.

　　When sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. Over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. Some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflowers or mushrooms.

　　Dr Paul Johnson, who discovered the Washington reef in 2007, also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷) gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.

　　“It's a new ecosystem we know nothing about，” said Dr Johnson.

　　The reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimps, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.

　　Many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. Rockfish, for example, live for more than 100 years. Scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home.

　　The Washington coast isn't the only place where a living glass reef has been found. The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991. Scientists all over the world were stunned to see it.

　　9．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

　　A．Man­made cities under the sea

　　B．The world under the sea

　　C．Glass “cities” under the sea

　　D．Creatures under the sea

　　10．It can be learned that the glass reef ________.

　　A．is made up of a kind of materials called sponges

　　B．is a work of art made by some American scientists

　　C．is a new ecosystem people are not familiar with

　　D．was first discovered off the coast of Washington State　

　　11．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．The sponges must feel soft.

　　B．Silica comes from animals' body fluid.

　　C．Methane is harmful to glass sponges.

　　D．Glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living.

　　12．Why did scientists call the glass reef a “kindergarten”？

　　A．Because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there.

　　B．Because thousands of children visit it every year.

　　C．Because it is crowded with snails and rockfish, etc.

　　D．Because all the species call the reef home.

　　13．What does the underlined word“stunned”in the last paragraph mean?

　　A．Greatly surprised.

　　B．Extremely scared.

　　C．Highly satisfied.

　　D．Very pleased.

　　专题限时训练(三十四)【史地自然型阅读理解(二)】

　　(一)

　　【文章大意】 Santa Fe 歌剧院虽然小，而且又是敞篷式的，但在美国却很著名，因为许多优秀的年轻歌手都想在这里一展歌喉从而一举成名。

　　1．C　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可以明显看出本文主旨。

　　2．C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like Metropolitan Opera House in New York City someday, and they work hard to become well known during the summer.”可知，年轻歌手到Santa Fe 歌剧院表演的目的是一举成名。

　　3．A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“…and because Santa Fe is a very small city.”可知A项正确。

　　4．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“…performances cannot start before it gets dark at nine o'clock in the evening…”可以判断出节目演出的时间。

　　(二)

　　【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了沃尔玛采取的保护环境的措施以及采取这些措施后所带来的利益。

　　5．C　推理判断题。从第二段中的“The laws of economics suggest that Wal­Mart，with 5,200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the prices of all kinds of goods.”可以推断，沃尔玛对全球市场有巨大影响，故选C项。

　　6．A　句意理解题。从第四段，特别是画线句后面的“‘…We don't go…in change.’”可推断，这句话表明沃尔玛从这些环保的活动中将获得经济利益，故选A项。

　　7．A　细节理解题。从第三段中的“Factories that show Wal­Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.”可知，未来沃尔玛会关注减少空气污染的问题。

　　8．B　段落大意题。根据最后一段第二句“He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield(保护) Wal­Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.”可知，最后一段主要分析了沃尔玛实行这项绿色计划的目的，故选B项。

　　(三)

　　【文章大意】 本文介绍了海底的玻璃礁。这里的玻璃礁就像一个“城市”一样，海底生物可以在里面自由地生活，而且这种玻璃礁还是大家不熟悉的生态系统。

　　9．C　主旨大意题。根据第一段的“If you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Washington State, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.”可知这篇文章介绍的是海底的玻璃礁。这里的玻璃礁就像一个“城市”一样，故选C项。

　　10．C　细节理解题。根据第五段“‘It's a new ecosystem we know nothing about，’ said Dr Johnson.”可知这种玻璃礁是一种新的大家不熟悉的生态系统，故选C项。

　　11．D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.”可知甲烷养活细菌，细菌养活玻璃礁，所以玻璃礁是依靠细菌生活的，故选D项。

　　12．A　推理判断题。根据第六段的“The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a ‘kindergarten’ by scientists.”可知很多生物的“孩子”在玻璃礁里面生活得很好，它就像一个“幼儿园”，故选A项。

　　13．A　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991.”可知这种玻璃礁很少见，科学家看见的时候很惊讶，故选A项。