2016届高考英语二轮复习强化练：阅读理解五 2

　　第一部分(一)抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理

　　(2015·课标全国·D)

　　Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope.This evening，as on every Thursday night，psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite pastimes，coffee drinking and the “talking cure”．Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isn't always easy.The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session—are quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say ‘one feels，’ or ‘people think’，”Lehanne told them.“Say ‘I think，’ ‘Think me’．”

　　A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un­French.But Lehanne's psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes.Over the years，Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours，a fast­food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology，history，and engineering are catching on，filling tables well into the evening.

　　The city's “psychology cafes”，which offer great comfort，are among the most popular places.Middle­aged homemakers，retirees，and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love，anger，and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel.“There's a strong need in Paris for communication，”says Maurice Frisch，a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up.”Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France.“If people had normal lives，these cafes wouldn't exist，”she says.“If life weren't a battle，people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.”But then，it wouldn't be France.

　　文章大意：本文主要讲述了在法国“精神咖啡馆”的社会意义和特色功能。

　　1．What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?

　　A．Learn a new subject.

　　B．Keep in touch with friends.

　　C．Show off their knowledge.

　　D．Express their true feelings.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings。可知，乔普咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。故选D项。

　　2．How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?

　　A．They are less frequently visited.

　　B．They stay open for longer hours.

　　C．They have bigger night crowds.

　　D．They start to serve fast food.

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句Over the years，Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours，a fast­food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.可知，多年来，巴黎的咖啡馆成了法国生活方式改变的受害者，句中破折号后面的内容指的就是现在的法国生活方式，即更长的工作时间、快餐的兴起和年轻人喜欢花更多的时间呆在家里，这些生活方式的改变都导致了人们不经常去咖啡馆，故选A项。

　　3．What are theme cafes expected to do?

　　A．Create more jobs.

　　B．Supply better drinks.

　　C．Save the cafe business.

　　D．Serve the neighborhood.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.可知，很多新主题咖啡馆的出现似乎改变了现状，也就是拯救了咖啡业，故选C项。

　　4．Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?

　　A．They bring people true friendship.

　　B．They give people spiritual support.

　　C．They help people realize their dreams.

　　D．They offer a platform for business links.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句The city's“psychology cafes”，which offer great comfort，are among the most popular places.可知，精神咖啡馆在巴黎成为最受欢迎的地方之一，是因为它们给予人们很大的安慰，即给予了人们精神上的支持，故选B项。

　　(二)根据文意结论推断作者意图或态度

　　(2015·课标全国·C)

　　More students than ever before are taking a gap year (间隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the “year off”between school and university.The gap­year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

　　This year,25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year，according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS)．

　　That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a well­planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，”he said.

　　But not everyone is happy.Owain James，the president of the National Union of Students(NUS)，argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，”he said.

　　文章大意：本文讲述了在美国，越来越多的高中毕业生通过休学一年的方式(gap year)来积累经验，为未来的大学生活做准备，但是也有人认为，在这一年里很多学生不得不被迫打工赚取上学的费用。

　　5．What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

　　A．It is flexible in length.

　　B．It is a time for relaxation.

　　C．It is increasingly popular.

　　D．It is required by universities.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段第一句More students than ever before are taking a gap­year (间隔年)before going to university.及第三段第一句That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.可知，间隔年越来越受到欢迎，故选C项。

　　6．According to Tony Higgins，students taking a gap year______.

　　A．are better prepared for college studies

　　B．know a lot more about their future jobs

　　C．are more likely to leave university in debt

　　D．have a better chance to enter top universities

　　答案：A　推理判断题。由题干中的人名Tony Higgins定位到文章第三段，根据他所说的话“Students who take a well­planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，”可知，他认为，花费一年时间计划的学生更成熟和有责任感，由此可以推断出他认为他们能更好地为大学学习做准备，故选A项。

　　7．How does Owain James feel about the gap­year phenomenon?

　　A．He's puzzled. B．He's worried.

　　C．He's surprised. D．He's annoyed.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。由题干中的Owain James定位到文章最后一段，根据第二句．..young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.可知，越来越多的学生会在结束学业之前被迫去挣钱，他对此是担忧的，故选B项。

　　8．What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

　　A．Attend additional courses.

　　B．Make plans for the new term.

　　C．Earn money for their education.

　　D．Prepare for their graduate studies.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods...可知此处应选C项。

　　(三)根据上下文的逻辑得出结论

　　(2015·湖北·E)

　　Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character，and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.

　　Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't?

　　To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科)．Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的)，and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points，perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development, and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.

　　On the whole，Brooks's story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance，the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.

　　文章大意：本文讲述了当今许多作家如布鲁克斯喜欢往他们的书里插入并不适用的科学理论，以增加书的吸引力，同时对其作品进行了评论。

　　9．The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to________.

　　A．illustrate where science can be applied

　　B．demonstrate the value of Brooks's new book

　　C．remind the reader of the importance of science

　　D．explain why many writers use science in their works

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三句及第四句可知，科学功能强大，以至于人们很容易将科学和那些与之无关的问题扯到一起，许多作家就没能抵制住科学的诱惑而往他们的书里插入科学理论。故选D项。

　　10．According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?

　　A．Its strong basis. B．Its convincing points.

　　C．Its clear writing. D．Its memorable characters.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句及第二句可知，布鲁克斯的书缺乏创意但还能接受，公平地说，他的文章大部分很清楚，一些章节与其他章节相比脱颖而出。故一本书只要能清楚地叙述就是这本书的优势，故选C项。

　　11．What is the author's general attitude towards the book?

　　A．Contradictory. B．Supportive.

　　C．Cautious. D．Critical.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第四句及第五句可知，布鲁克斯对书中的主人公刻画不够深刻，部分更严重的问题在于他试图将他的故事译成科学语言。从作者的语气可看出作者对该书持批判态度，故选D项。

　　12．What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?

　　A．Problems with the book.

　　B．Brooks's life experiences.

　　C．Death of the characters.

　　D．Brooks's translation skills.

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第五句可知，布鲁克斯的书中部分更严重的问题在于他试图将他的故事译成科学语言，故接下来作者会阐述该书其他的问题。故选A项。

　　(四)由文章内容或结构判断出处

　　(2015·重庆·C)

　　Lakelander　

　　·2 hours ago

　　Today，a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading，making many passengers upset.I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train.I have never had the courage to do it，though.

　　Pak 50　·57 minutes ago

　　Why not give it a try？Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument.The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.When his request was refused，he took out his French horn (号) and started to practise.

　　Angie O'Edema　·42 minutes ago

　　I don't see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public.Don't do to others what you wouldn't like to be done to yourself.Once，a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone.I left my seat quietly，giving him some privacy to finish his conversation.He realised this and apologised to me.When his phone rang again later，he left his seat to answer it.You see，a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.

　　Taodas　·29 minutes ago

　　I did read my newspaper out loud on a train，and it turned out well.The guy took it in good part，and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.

　　Sophie 76　·13 minutes ago

　　I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train，but，several years ago，I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children.Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.

　　文章大意：本文是从论坛上截取的关于不文明现象的讨论，主要讲述了一位名叫Lakelander的网友在论坛上描述了自己遇到的不文明现象后，众人发表的关于自己经历的不文明现象的描述和看法。

　　13．The passenger made an apology to Angie O'Edema because ______.

　　A．he offered his seat to someone else

　　B．he spoke very loudly on his phone

　　C．he refused to talk with Angie

　　D．he ignored Angie's request

　　答案：B　细节理解题。由题干中出现的核心词汇Angie O'Edema得知答案在第三小节。根据．..a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone.说明他旁边的乘客很大声地在打电话，之后提到He realized this and apologized to me.可知他因大声打电话而道歉，故选B项。

　　14．Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train?

　　A．Pak 50. B．Angie O'Edema.

　　C．Taodas. D．Sophie 76.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四小节第一句话I did read my newspaper out loud on a train...说明是Taodas这个人做过这件事，故答案应选C项。

　　15．What is the

　　discussion mainly about?

　　A．How to react to bad behavior.

　　B．How to kill time on a train.

　　C．How to chat with strangers.

　　D．How to make a phone call.

　　答案：A　主旨大意题。根据文章的五个小节得知本文主旨。Laketander发起讨论，看大家对不文明行为的反应，后面几个评论皆在讨论该主题。因此，该讨论主要围绕的是人们面对不文明行为时该如何反应。故选A项。

　　16．Where is the passage most probably taken from?

　　A．A webpage. B．A newspaper.

　　C．A novel. D．A report.

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据图片头像、网名、文章开头的Join the

　　discussion以及每小节上的发布时间，得知这篇文章来自于网络上的一个论坛。故选A项，意为“网页”。