2016届湖南长沙市高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（50）（含答案）

　　湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（50）及答案

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：议论文　话题：健康生活　时间：7分钟

　　A new study suggests you are where you live—at least in terms of weight.

　　A rural address could be a risk factor for being overweight，according to the research published in the fall issue of The Journal of Rural Health.

　　The study，led by researchers at the University of Kansas，analyzed data from the National Center for Health Statistics.They said it is the first in more than 30 years to use actual measurements of height and weight，rather than self­reported data，which can be unreliable.

　　About 70 million Americans，or 23% of the population，live in rural areas.The researchers found that 39.6% of them are obese(肥胖的)，while 33.4% of urban residents are obese.Including overweight people as well，the comparative totals are 70.8% and 67.1%，the study said.

　　The factors at work could be the “cultural diet” of rural America，as well as the isolation(隔离) that often exists，said the lead researcher，Christie Befort，assistant professor of

　　preventive medicine and public health at the University of Kansas Medical Center.

　　That diet includes “rich homemade foods” with lots of meat and desserts，she said.Rural Americans typically consume more fats than their urban counterparts，the study found.

　　Another factor could be the increased mechanization(机械化) of farm work，Befort said.Older generations showed less difference in weight than younger ones—older farmers would have put in more physical labor，she said.

　　“Although some intervention(介入) research has begun to address

　　obesity among rural adults and families，great attention needs to be focused on widespread effective programs in rural areas，which contain some of the largest medically underserved communities in the nation，” the researchers said.

　　【语篇导读】　肥胖症的研究有了新的发现——居住地也是造成肥胖症的重要因素。39.6%的美国乡下居民患有肥胖症，这与油腻的饮食、农场机械化、落后的医疗服务等有很大的关系。

　　1．What do we know about the study about weight in the passage?

　　A．The new study is the first study of rural obesity in the past 30 years.

　　B．The new study is the first time to research into the cause of obesity.

　　C．Results in the past years can be inaccurate as they haven't adopted actual measurements.

　　D．The result of the new study is not reliable at all.

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，这个研究分析了国家健康中心的数据，是近30年来第一次使用身高和体重的实际测量数据，而不是使用未必可靠的“自我报告的数据(self­reported data)”，从这些信息可推知，过去的研究数据不是很准确，不太可靠。因此选C。

　　答案　C

　　2．What

　　do we know from the fourth paragraph?

　　A．The rural population in America has increased by 23%.

　　B．About 27.72 million rural Americans have the problem of obesity.

　　C．Obese people have moved to live in the countryside for its natural environment.

　　D．23% of the 70 million Americans live in the countryside.

　　解析　推理判断题。第四段说美国人口的23%，即七千万美国人，住在农村，其中39.6%是肥胖者，因此B正确(39.6%×70 million＝27.72 million)。C项文章未提及，A、D项均是对第四段第一句话的曲解。

　　答案　B

　　3．What does the report suggest to deal with the problem?

　　A．Calling on the farmers to do more physical work.

　　B．Paying attention to widespread effective programs in rural areas.

　　C．Getting farmers connected with each other.

　　D．Persuading people to move to the urban area.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，研究者认为应该更关注向农村——那里有医疗服务极其低下的地区——推广有效的项目，由此推断选B。

　　答案　B

　　4．What does the underlined word“address” in the last paragraph mean?

　　A．deal withB．write downC．refer toD．cure

　　解析　猜测词义题。最后一段研究员介绍了如何应对肥胖问题，因此该词的含义应该是“对付，处理”，而不是“治疗”。

　　答案　A

　　【长难句解读】　

　　原文　“Although some intervention(介入) research has begun to address obesity among rural adults and families，great attention needs to be focused on widespread effective programs in rural areas，which contain some of the largest medically underserved communities in the nation，” the researchers said.

　　译文　研究者称：“尽管已经开始了一些介入性的研究来解决乡村成年人与家庭的肥胖问题，但也需要关注向乡村地区大范围地推广有效的项目，在乡村有些地方医疗水平极其低下。”

　　分析　Although在句中引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rural areas。

　　阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

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　　1. Which course would be helpful for an English beginner?

　　A. High School ESL

　　B. General English

　　C. Night Classes

　　D. Academic English

　　2. How much will you pay if you spend two weeks taking the Night Classes?

　　A. $ 360

　　B. $ 300.

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　　3. If you want to learn more about the courses mentioned in the text，you can

　　A. make a call B. write an email

　　C. visit the website D. submit an application

　　参考答案1—3、BAC

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　BIRDS can fly----- this is something that we take for granted. But have you ever thought about how they developed this amazing ability?

　　It may be impossible for us to go back in time in person to witness how it happened，but scientists from Yale University，US，studied the fossils of ancient birds. These fossils are like recorded tapes of ancient times that took the scientists back 150 million years.

　　Back then, there lived a kind of animal known as the Archaeopteryx. It is considered to be the earliest bird because it had feathers and wings-----the key factors for a bird to fly. Meanwhile, it also had features of a reptile，such as teeth in its mouth, claws on its wings，and a long，bony tail，which means the ancestors of birds were probably reptiles.

　　In order to escape from dangerous animals, reptiles leaped from tree to tree. They gradually grew feathers on their arms so they could leap a little farther, then a little farther still. However, they were far from becoming true fliers because their wings and feathers were quite different from those of birds today.

　　Looking closely at the fossils, scientists found that ancient feathers contained many layers of long feathers, like a penguin's. This made the wings rather heavy and difficult for birds to move up and down. “We don't think these things could take off from the ground," said Nicholas Longrich, of Yale University, lead author of the study. “They can’t fly like a modern bird.”

　　This is why scientists concluded that early feathers were only used by birds to glide (滑翔)from high trees, or keep warm, or maybe as camouflage (伪装),but not flying, according to National Geographic.

　　Over the next millions of years, the evolution of feathers never stopped. Birds developed wings that included a layer of long feathers covered with short feathers on top. This structure allowed birds to separate their feathers more easily to create wider span (翼展）and to change directions in midair. They have also grown special wrist bones so that they can spread their wings when flying and fold them into their sides when walking.

　　"This new research is throwing light not just on how birds came to fly, but more specially on how feathers came to be the way they are today---one of the most amazing and highly specialized structures in nature," said Jakob Vinther, from the University of Bristol UK.

　　1. According to the article, scientists conclude that early birds__________。

　　A. could already fly high B. only used feathers to keep warm

　　C. could only leap and glide

　　D. could easily open their wings wide

　　2. Modern birds are different from their ancestors in that________。

　　A. they have layers of long feathers

　　B. they have special wrist bones so that they can change directions in midair

　　C. they have a layer of long feathers topped with a layer of short feathers

　　D. they have teeth in the mouth and long bony tails

　　3. What is critical in finding out how feathers came to be the way they are?

　　A. Fossils of ancient birds.

　　B. Tapes of old times.

　　C. Comparing features of reptiles and birds.

　　D. Studying bones and structures of modern birds.

　　4. The passage mainly aims to_。

　　A. explore how birds looked 150 million years ago.

　　B. explore how modern birds developed from ancient reptiles.

　　C. list all the fossils of ancient birds recently discovered.

　　D. look at the evolution of feathers that enabled birds to fly.

　　参考答案1—4、CCAD

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：关爱动物　时间：7分钟

　　My husband and I had just opened up a pet sitting business earlier that year.Our customers had slowly risen from three to thirty a month.We were busy through those hot summer months，driving between visits.Our services were strictly held at the pet owner's home.It was almost too busy for the two of us，but we were making good money!

　　We asked pet owners new to our services to phone two weeks ahead so we had enough time to meet the owners and pets at their homes and make any following meeting before the owner leaves.

　　One day，we decided to take on a new customer just two days before they would leave.We met the family，filled in a form，and spent some time with their dog，Hercules.He playfully jumped on us and touched our hands and arms using his tongue.The family laughed as he did this，showing us that he was very loving.

　　Two days later I appeared at the house，alone.I came up to Hercules and said hello happily.I filled up his water bowl and cleaned any messes he made.Meanwhile，he was so lovely sitting beside.I thought this would be the good picture to send to the owners，a usual service.After the light and “click” sound went off，Hercules rushed at me.I didn't know what had just happened until I noticed the drops of blood.I ran out and did the only thing—calling my husband.

　　Then I went to neighbors for help.My husband arrived after ten minutes.The helpful

　　neighbor and my husband led Hercules back into his pen(圈)．Then my husband and I took off to the hospital.

　　I must have looked like I was shot when I walked into the hospital.The nurses quickly moved me to a room.I asked the doctor in a weak but playful manner，“Am I going to die？” He replied，“Finally.”

　　【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者和她丈夫从事给别人看护宠物的工作，工作非常繁忙。有一次，作者外出照看宠物却发生了意外。

　　1．According to the text，the author's work was ______.

　　A．tiring and dangerous

　　B．easy and free

　　C．well paid

　　D．done outdoors

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后两句可知，作者和她丈夫的工作主要是在客户家里进行的，他们非常忙碌，但是报酬是很高的。故选C项。

　　答案　C

　　2．What did the author often do during her work?

　　A．Cleaning the clients' house.

　　B．Walking the pets outside.

　　C．Bringing the pets to her own house.

　　D．Taking a photo of pets to the owners.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第五句“I thought this would be the good picture to send to the owners，a usual service.”可知，D项正确。

　　答案　D

　　3．It can be inferred from the text that the author was attacked because ______.

　　A．Hercules feared the sound and flash

　　B．the author attacked Hercules first

　　C．Hercules was very hungry then

　　D．the author treated Hercules badly

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第三句和倒数第二句可知，在作者拍照的时候，随着相机发出闪光和咔嚓声后，Hercules袭击了作者。由此可推知，Hercules害怕相机的闪光灯和咔嚓声。

　　答案　A

　　4．The doctor's answer gave us a sense of ______.

　　A．anger

　　B．humor

　　C．carelessness

　　D．patience

　　解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，作者问医生“我要死了吗？”，医生的回答是“最终会的”可知，作者这次是没有生命危险的，而医生的回答给读者一种幽默感。

　　答案　B

　　阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible．Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel．It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.

　　Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too．It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving．On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting．A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic condition．But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough．Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.

　　However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous．Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time．The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to．It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies (奶奶).

　　An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings．Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive．Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users．It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.

　　．According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by

　　A．road conditions

　　B．the behavior of the drivers

　　C．the speed of modern life

　　D．the large number of cars

　　2．In the writer’s opinion,

　　A．unskillful drivers should be punished

　　B．strict traffic rules are badly needed

　　C．drivers should show road politeness properly

　　D.

　　drivers should avoid traffic jams

　　． The underlined word “give-and-take” in the passage means

　　A．politeness and impoliteness

　　B．good manners and bad manners

　　C．willingness to give in to each other’s wishes

　　D．offering help to others as much as possible

　　．What is the best title of the passage?

　　A．Traffic Problems

　　B．Road Politeness

　　C．Bad Manners on the Road

　　D．Good Drivers and Bad Drivers

　　—4、BCCB