2016届安徽淮南市高考英语二轮复习阅读理解摸底精练（4）

　　安徽淮南市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解摸底精练（4）

　　阅读理解They were just grasshoppers(蚂蚱). But there were millions of them, which was why dad was so anxious to get rid of them.

　　“They’re totally destroying our beans, ”he told Mom over lunchtime one Saturday. “I’ve been trying to keep them out of the tomatoes, but I don’t know if I can make it. ”

　　“Isn’t there something you can do about them? ”Mom asked. She was mostly concerned about the tomatoes. “I think there’s a spray(喷雾)or something, ”Dad said. “I’m going down to the garden center after lunch and see if they have any suggestions. ”

　　I’m pretty sure that’s what he said. But what I heard was, “While I’m gone, why don’t you and George come up with your own plan for getting rid of the grasshoppers? ”

　　And so that’s what we did. It was the summer between fifth and sixth grade, so we were feeling pretty clever and mature. Certainly we knew how to get rid of these grasshoppers. That seemed simple enough. Finally Ron and Don joined us but then, things got a little crazy. Before we knew it we were doing terrible experiments. I won’t describe our experiments. Let’s just call it“The Adventures of the Marquis de Orkin”. Dad came home and saw these different deaths. We were laughing, but the laughter quickly turned to silence when we saw the look on my Dad’s face.

　　“What are you boys doing? ”he asked.

　　“We’re just sort of helping to get rid of the grasshoppers, ”I said.

　　“This isn’t getting rid of grasshoppers, ”Dad said. “This is killing. ”

　　I was confused. I looked at the insecticide he was carrying. “But aren’t you going to kill grasshoppers with that? ”I asked.

　　“Yes, because it’s something we need to do for the protection of our garden, ”he said seriously. “But I’m not going to enjoy it. ”

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者家的菜园遭到蚂蚱的破坏, 天真的作者想帮助父亲除掉蚂蚱, 不想他和同伴使用的方法让父亲很生气, 父亲告诫他们: 不能杀生取乐, 要学会仁慈。

　　1. It can be inferred from the text that　.

　　A. the tomatoes in the garden were badly damaged by grasshoppers

　　B. the father was advised to get rid of grasshoppers with insecticide

　　C. the father asked the author to help catch grasshoppers

　　D. the author’s way of treating grasshoppers was interesting

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。由文章第三段中提到的父亲午饭后要去花卉商店寻求帮助以及倒数第二段中的I looked at the insecticide he was carrying. 可知, 花卉商店建议父亲使用杀虫剂。故选B项。

　　2. The underlined sentence“And so that’s what we did. ”means that　.

　　A. we killed the grasshoppers for fun

　　B. we carried out an experiment on the grasshoppers

　　C. we thought of a way to deal with the grasshoppers

　　D. we were clever enough to get rid of the grasshoppers

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。在上一段中提到作者认为父亲的言外之意是让作者想办法除掉蚂蚱, 因此此句承接上文, 指“我们就是那样做了”, 即“我们自己想出了除掉蚂蚱的办法”。

　　3. How did the author’s father feel when he saw what the children were doing?

　　A. Angry. B. Confused.

　　C. Satisfied.

　　D. Fearful.

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。由文章第五段中的最后一句We were laughing, but the laughter quickly turned to silence when we saw the look on my Dad’s face. 以及文章最后一句But I’m not going to enjoy it. 可知父亲看到孩子们残杀蚂蚱取乐很生气。

　　4. In which magazine would you most probably find this passage?

　　A. American Laboratory.

　　B. Accounts of Chemical Research.

　　C. Readers’ Digest.

　　D. Technology.

　　【解析】选C。文章出处题。本文的主题是“仁慈, 不杀生取乐”。此类题材的文章最有可能来自《读者文摘》这样的期刊。

　　Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.。

　　Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over (绊倒) themselves in their eagerness to sign cooperative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements, as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other: the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain, the other by trying to break into a market which isn’t big enough to sustain (忍受) it.

　　Technology transfer works in a growing market, where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device.

　　Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales. It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales, their sales must come from substitution, not expansion.

　　Given the complexity of today’s airliners, it is unlikely that any new entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer. In the short term, such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant: most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.

　　In the short term, it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either components of complete air–frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such as China, Taiwan or Korea, while retaining the design, development and marketing of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not notice the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills (like computing) at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metal bashing (猛击).

　　The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.

　　74. The author’s attitude towards Western/Eastern cooperation can be described as ________.

　　A. positive

　　B. progressive

　　C. conservative

　　D. negative

　　75. “The airliner market is not such a device” means that the airliner market ________.

　　A. does not encourage technology transfer

　　B. is too limited to offer chances of success

　　C. requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devices

　　D. is full of competitions for new entrants

　　76. According to the author, a wise established manufacturer should ________.

　　A. try to benefit from both financial and technical resources

　　B. break up his partnership with the East once profits are made

　　C. keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airliners

　　D. cooperate with Asian partners for a short time

　　77. The word “base” in the last paragraph represents ________.

　　A. a place for aircraft production

　　B. the operation of aircraft

　　C. a research institute

　　D. a position where to build office

　　【参考答案】74. C

　　75. D

　　76. D

　　77. A

　　【上海市黄浦区2016模拟】阅读理解C

　　ESP, Extra Sensory Perception, is a catch-all expression for the so-called ability of certain people to receive transmitted thoughts from others, to transmit their own thoughts, to see what will happen in the future or to be able to move objects from one place to another without physically touching them. These special people are called psychics. Some believe that we all have this ability to some degree but that most of us choose not to develop it.

　　Many people are skeptical about ESP. Alongside the existence of documented evidence, there are plenty of claims that have turned out to be cheating. For most people, it is difficult to accept such claims without having had first hand experience. The lack of scientific evidence is another factor to take into account. On the other hand, most of us have, at some time, experienced a seemingly unexplainable occurrence; hearing the telephone ring and knowing who will be on the other end of the line or cases of coincidence that seem to be too extreme to be accidental.

　　Over the years there have been numerous ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called “Extra-Sensory Perception” in which he claimed to have enormous evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to copy his results since, which has resulted in the book losing much of its original credibility and fame

　　The Ganzfield Experiments are considered to have been the most carefully examined ESP experiments. So-called psychics had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a “sender” attempted to transmit messages. Later the psychics would compare the messages received to the original messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time, but the research failed to produce convincing results.

　　One of the strongest criticisms against ESP is that in order for it to exist, the fundamental laws of physics would necessarily have to be broken.

　　Human beings are attracted to the whole range of supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate. This becomes clear when we see how much of the media is dedicated to the topic: magazines, journals, web sites, television and radio programs. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain: “The truth is out there! ”

　　74. According to the 1st paragraph, a psychic can do the following EXCEPT __________.

　　A. read what his parents are thinking about

　　B. transmit one friend’s thought to another

　　C. predict what’ll happen at tomorrow’s meeting

　　D. change the position of a chair without touching it

　　75. The underlined word “skeptical” in the second paragraph can be replaced with __________.

　　A. enthusiastic

　　B. doubtful

　　C. particular

　　D. curious

　　76. What can be learned about the book “Extra–Sensory Perception” and “the Ganzfield Experiments”?

　　A. They both failed to prove the existence of ESP scientifically.

　　B. They were both the products of casually-designed research.

　　C. Others followed their examples and got the same consequences.

　　D. The writer and the experiment operators lost their fame eventually.

　　77. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. Whether ESP exists.

　　B. How ESP works.

　　C. Who ESP attracts.

　　D. Why ESP fails.

　　【参考答案】74 – 77 BBAA

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2016·全国Ⅰ，C)

　　It happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama's Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words, “a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”. However, he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

　　And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven't. In the World Book Day's “Report on Guilty Secrets”， Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I'm not one to lie too often (I'd hate to be caught out ), I'll admit here and now that I haven't read the entire top ten .But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell's 1984.I think it's really brilliant.

　　The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky (I haven't read him, but haven't lied about it either) and Herman Melville.

　　Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to. This could be tricky if the conversation became more indepth!

　　But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J．K. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words)．Fortytwo percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (I'll come clean; I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)．

　　文章大意：在世界读书日的调查报告中显示有百分之四十二的人撒谎说读过某本书，通常的原因是给人留下印象。

　　12．How did the author find his friend a book liar?

　　A．By judging his manner of speaking.

　　B．By looking into his background.

　　C．By mentioning a famous name.

　　D．By discussing the book itself.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据短文第一段最后两句话可知，他们继续谈论奥巴马的书时，对方根本不知道奥巴马的背景，故作者知道对方是在撒谎。由此可知D项正确。

　　13．Which of the following is a “guilty secret”according to the World Book Day report?

　　A．Charles Dickens is very low on the topten list.

　　B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984.

　　C．The author admitted having read 9 books.

　　D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知，我不像那百分之四十二的人那样，撒谎说读过George Orwell的1984，我是真的读过。由此可知B项正确。

　　14．By lying about reading, a person hopes to ________.

　　A．control the conversation

　　B．appear knowledgeable

　　C．learn about the book

　　D．make more friends

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，他们撒谎的原因是给人们留下印象，由此可推断他们是想让人民知道他们知识渊博，故B项正确。

　　15．What is the author's attitude to 58%of readers?

　　A．Favorable.

　　B．Uncaring.

　　C．Doubtful.

　　D．Friendly.

　　答案：C　作者态度题。根据短文最后一段可知，他们说出的这些作者，都是畅销书作者，所以作者对这百分之五十二的人持怀疑态度。

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2016·山东，D)

　　Sparrow is a fast food chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company.

　　Although Sparrow showed no sigh of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fastfood concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.

　　Sparrow failed to grow for another two years,

　　until a new CEO,

　　Carl Pearson decided to build up its market share.

　　He did a survey,

　　which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain,

　　while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.

　　Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand.

　　The chain's owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcy's restaurants.

　　Pearson resisted,

　　arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.

　　Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customer's spending power.

　　Finally,

　　the owner accepted his idea.

　　The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.

　　Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product,

　　the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.

　　Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额)．

　　These efforts paid off,

　　and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，描述了Sparrow迅速成为了经营地区最成功的快餐连锁店的整个过程。

　　16．Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?

　　A．The number of its customers was declining.

　　B．Its customers found the food unhealthy.

　　C．It was in need of financial support.

　　D．Most of its restaurants were closed.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句“its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.”可知Sparrow缺乏的是资金。

　　17．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A．Customers of Sparrow restaurants.

　　B．Sparrow restaurants.

　　C．Customers of other fastfood chains.

　　D．Other fastfood chains.

　　答案：D　词义猜测题。我们从画线词所在句“while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.”可知，这里的while表示对比，其他快餐店中的顾客不愿意离开，这里是指从其他的快餐店离开，故选D。

　　18．For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?

　　A．To build a good relationship with the public.

　　B．To stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.

　　C．To learn about customers' spending power.

　　D．To meet the challenge from Marcy's restaurants.

　　答案：A　细节理解题。从文章第三段的“arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun”中可知，这场战役的目的是让Sparrow餐厅与大众搞好关系，故选A。

　　19．The TV ads of Sparrow ________.

　　A．changed people's views on pop stars

　　B．amused the public with original songs

　　C．focused on the superiority of its products

　　D．influenced the eating habits of the audience

　　答案：B　细节理解题。从文章第四段的“the TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.”可知，广告歌曲为原创且目的是和大众搞好关系，故选B。

　　20．What was Pearson's achievement as a CEO?

　　A．He managed to pay off Sparrow's debts.

　　B．He made Sparrow much more competitive.

　　C．He helped Sparrow take over a company.

　　D．He improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。从文章最后一段的“These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.”可知，Pearson的努力获得了回报，使得餐厅业绩上升，变得更有竞争力，故选B。

　　题型2

　　高考模拟题组