2016届湖南长沙市高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（37）（含答案）

　　湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（37）及答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads?

　　Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside.

　　The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground.

　　When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers(交换器) have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.

　　In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.

　　1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?

　　A. Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.

　　B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.

　　C. The Dutch engineer’s system has been widely used.

　　D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.

　　2. For what purpose are the diving pipes used?

　　A. To absorb heat from the sun.

　　B. To store heat for future use.

　　C. To turn solar energy into heat energy.

　　D. To carry heat down below the surface.

　　3. From the last paragraph we can learn that　.　

　　A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter

　　B. the system can do more than warming up the building

　　C. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface

　　D. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer

　　4. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A. What we shall do if the system goes wrong.

　　B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads.

　　C. How the system cools the building in summer.

　　D. How the system collects heat in spring and autumn.

　　【参考答案】1-4 DDBC　

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　For those who are tired of doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app (application) .

　　Strange though it may seem—“my wife already does that”was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week—Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install (安装) a large number of internet- connected features in machines in an effort to make them“smart. ”

　　Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it’s Wi- Fi- enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.

　　The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.

　　Samsung says it’s not just something new—the app connection actually has some practical uses.

　　“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go, ”said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.

　　The company also says that with electricity rates (电价) varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.

　　Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do—enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.

　　1. What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?

　　A. The machine will be a big success.　B. Their wives like doing the laundry.

　　C. The machine is unrelated to their life.D. This kind of technology is familiar to them.

　　2. What can we learn about the new laundry machines?

　　A. They can tell you when your clothes need washing.

　　B. They can be controlled with a smartphone.

　　C. They are difficult to operate.

　　D. They are sold at a low price.

　　3. We can conclude from Samsung’s statements that　.　

　　A. the app connection makes life easier　

　　B. it is better to dry clothes in the morning

　　C. smartphones can shorten the drying time　 D. we should refresh clothes back at home

　　4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

　　A. The laundry should be frequently checked.　B. Lazy people like using such machines.

　　C. Good technologies also cause problems.D. Television may help do the laundry.

　　【参考答案】1—4、DBAC

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Recently a study, led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University, suggests that nearly a third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise. That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have helped to create a world in which taking exercise is more and more an option rather than a necessity. But only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in.

　　There are common themes in different places. Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. Less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men—34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. But there are exceptions. The women of Croatia, Finland, Iraq and Luxembourg, for example, move more than their male countrymen.

　　Malta wins the race for most slothful country, with 72% of adults getting too little exercise, and Swaziland and Saudi Arabia are in close behind, with 69%. In Bangladesh, just 5% of adults fail to exercise enough. Surprisingly, six Americans in ten are active enough according to Dr Hallal’s study, compared with fewer than four in ten British.

　　These high rates of inactivity are worrying. Human beings seem to have evolved(进化) to benefit from exercise while deliberately avoiding it whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it. But that is no longer the case. Actually lack of enough activity these days has nearly the same effect on life span(寿命) as smoking.

　　1. We may learn from Paragraph 1 that_________.

　　A. the decline of exercise rates is newly discovered

　　B. the study suggests 31% of female adults get too little exercise

　　C. the good enough data has been collected from only one country

　　D. the industrial revolution has changed the way people live to some degree

　　2. According to the study, women of Luxembourg_________.

　　A. have little time to exercise

　　B. hate to get regular exercise

　　C. take more exercise to lose weight

　　D. exercise more than men in their country

　　3. The underlined word “slothful” in Paragraph 3 most probably means_________.

　　A. powerful B. rich C. lazy D. unpopular

　　4. What can be the best title for the text?

　　A. Worldwide Lack of Enough Exercise

　　B. New Health Discovery

　　C. Evolvement of Human Beings

　　D. Benefits of Taking Exercise

　　参考答案1—4、DDCA

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change:　Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.

　　Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.

　　We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?

　　For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers:　 How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent, “ he said.

　　Good advice, I thought. I’d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We’d gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary.

　　1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?

　　A. To take special kinds of food.

　　B. To respond to climate change.

　　C. To lose weight.

　　D. To improve their health.

　　2. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “　”.　

　　A. freezing pointsB. burning points

　　C. melting pointsD. boiling points

　　3. It can be inferred from the passage that　.　

　　A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time

　　B. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2

　　C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2 a month

　　D. the average European household produces about 1, 000 pounds of CO2 a month

　　4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

　　A. Saving Energy Starts at Home

　　B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work

　　C. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable

　　D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult

　　【参考答案】1-4 BCBA