四川省成都市2016届高考英语阅读理解二轮提升训练（38）（含解析）

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live among competing interests. Your roommate’s need to study for an exam may take priority (优先) over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade. And the object of your romantic/interest may have other choices.

　　In such a world, persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view. When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave. We may not always prevail — other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merit of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.

　　Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives. Just the opposite, we believe that persuasion is unavoidable — to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical (合乎道义的) or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our mind or prey on our vulnerability. Ethical persuasion, however, calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore, the most basic part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practice the other.

　　Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is necessary to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution (美国宪法).

　　1. According to the passage, persuasion means ________.

　　A. changing others’ points of view

　　B. exercising power over other people

　　C. getting other people to consider your point of view

　　D. getting people to agree with you and do what you want

　　2. The underlined word in the second paragraph “prevail” means________.

　　A. win

　　B. fail

　　C. speak

　　D. listen

　　3. The passage states that some people object to persuasion because they think it is ________.

　　A. a danger to society

　　B. difficult to do well

　　C. unwelcome behavior

　　D. never successful

　　4. The passage mainly discusses ________.

　　A. how people persuade

　　B. why people persuade

　　C. that persuasion is both good and bad

　　D. that persuasion is important and it is all around us

　　【答案与解析】

　　1. C 细节题。将第二段中persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view与各选项进行比较可知。

　　2. A 词义题。由破折号后面的句子other points of view may be more persuasive可知，我们不一定占上风，故选A。

　　3. C 细节题。由第三段中第一二句Some people…into their lives可知。

　　4. D 主旨题。根据第一段对we live in a world of persuasion的理解，第三段中we believe that persuasion is unavoidable-to live is to persuade 及最后一段中persuasion is necessary to society与各选项进行比较可确定选D。

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 If you're ever in central London between Covent Garden and Holborn, look up. You might spot three letters somewhere between the Starbucks angels and the pub signs: “LSE”. They may not look much. But these three letters welcome you to one of the world's leading universities for social and political sciences.

　　The London School of Economics and Political Science （LSE） offers more than just economics. You can study all sorts of things, from history to mathematics to psychology. The university was founded in 1895. It has always set very high standards for its students. Today, it accepts fewer students every year than any other British university. It's not surprising that 17 Nobel Prize winners and 34 world leaders went to LSE' including John F. Kennedy.

　　Those who do get a place can enjoy teaching from LSE's top-class staff. Students have the chance to learn in the university's great facilities（设施）. The LSE has the world's largest social and political sciences library, its own theater, and many other lecture theaters. These host lectures and debates for both students and the public.

　　Some of the most important people in the world come to speak. Recent speakers have included former UN Secretary—General Kofi Annan, former US President Bill Clinton, and even ' controversially' Colonel Gaddafi. In 2008, the LSE started “LSE Live”, a series of live online lectures.

　　There's still time for fun at LSE. Students can join up with the LSE student union to take part in sports, arts and drama clubs. They can also join up with other London universities.

　　What's more, LSE is big on China. The university has a strong link with Peking University. A two-week LSE—PKU summer school takes place every year. The course covers economics, management, international relations, media and law, all with a focus on China and Asia. How's that for strengthening East-West relations?

　　1. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?

　　A. The sign of LSE is hidden among other signs.

　　B. LSE students often go to Starbucks or pubs.

　　C. LSE is a top university for natural sc

　　D. LSE may not be eye-catching at first sight.

　　2. Why does the author mention Kofi Annan, Bill Clinton and Colonel Gaddafi?

　　A. To provide examples of famous speakers.

　　B. To promote the program of “LSE Live”.

　　C. To introduce LSE's outstanding graduates.

　　D. To show the influence of the university.

　　3. What can students at LSE enjoy according to the text?

　　a. a large campus

　　b. first class staff

　　c. a large library

　　d. good drama classes

　　e. good facilities

　　f. good lectures

　　A. a, b, d, e B. b, c, e, f C. a, c, d, f

　　D. b, d, e, f

　　4. What can be learned from the last paragraph?

　　A. LSE courses focus a lot on East-West relations.

　　B. LSE has more arts courses involved in China.

　　C. LSE has attached great importance to China.

　　D. LSE sets a higher goal for Chinese students.

　　参考答案1—4、DABC

　　【阅读理解】介绍说明类-

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent-minded of us will conform to social pressure when we are with a group of people. In one classic experiment, people were shown a vertical（垂直的） line and asked to find a line of identical length from a selection of three.

　　You might think that this is an absurdly easy task, and when people perform it by themselves they do it very well. However, psychologists have discovered that we are very easily swayed by the opinions of other people when we do this task in a group. In one study, a group of three people was set up, where two of the people were confederates（同伙） of the experimenter. When the confederates deliberately gave wrong answers, people were often swayed to give the wrong answer also. In fact, 75% of people gave at least one wrong answer, with some people conforming to peer pressure on every occasion.

　　But why do people conform in this way? In an easy task like this, it seems that people do not want to step out of line with the prevailing opinion of the group. On more difficult tasks, people also conform because they lose confidence in their own ability to make decisions and prefer to trust the majority opinion instead.

　　A typical example of this kind of conformity arises when we come across people in distress. Would you help a woman who has been attacked in the street? It turns out that you are much more likely to go to her assistance if you are alone. When other people are also around, a diffusion of responsibility occurs. People are paralysed into inaction, because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the woman's assistance.

　　1. In Paragraph 1, the underlined word “conform” probably means “　 ”.

　　A. seek independence B. disobey orders

　　C. follow what others doD. seek pleasure

　　2. What is the purpose of the experiment described in Paragraph 2?

　　A. To explain why people would be influenced by the opinions of others.

　　B. To prove that people are easily influenced by the opinions of others.

　　C. To train the confederates of the experimenter as independent-minded.

　　D. To describe how people would be influenced by the opinions of others.

　　3. In the last paragraph, according to the author, why wouldn’t one help the woman?

　　A. He thinks he has no responsibilities to give a hand.

　　B. He thinks he has nothing to do with it.

　　C. He is too shy to give his helping hand.

　　D. He thinks someone else will offer assistance.

　　4. What method does the author mainly use to develop the text?

　　A. Giving examples.B. Cause-effect analysis.　

　　C. Comparative analysis.D. Process analysis.

　　【参考答案】1---4、CBDA　

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

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