四川省成都市2016届高考英语阅读理解二轮提升训练（10）（含解析）

　　阅读理解—词义猜测题、观点态度题。

　　(2015年宁夏银川实险中学月考)

　　A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16ºC. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.

　　In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources(资源); land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals, This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.

　　There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world's wood supply.

　　Rainforests are often called the world's drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However , fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value . It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world's shrinking rainforests.

　　Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they

　　.

　　Reflect more heat into the atmosphere

　　Reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth

　　Bring about high rainfall throughout the world

　　Rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16?C

　　What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?

　　Humans have begun destroying rainforests.

　　People have a strong desire for resources.

　　We will lose much more than we can gain.

　　Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests

　　It can be inferred from the text that

　　.

　　We can get enough resources without rainforests

　　We will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land

　　The level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns

　　There is great medicine potential in rainforests

　　What might be the best title for the text?

　　Rainforests and the environment

　　How to save rainforests

　　How to protect Nature

　　Rainforests and Medical Development

　　语篇解读

　　热带雨林对环境有很大的影响，因为它们能够调节气候，本文重点介绍了失去热带雨林的危害。

　　B 细节理解题。根据because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate 可知，热带雨林能调 节气候是因为他们吸收了来自太阳的热量。

　　C 词议猜测题。根据People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.

　　可知，砍伐热带雨林带来好处，但是坏处更多。

　　D 推理判断题。今天我们使用的药物中25%以上来自热带雨林中的植物。我们治愈某种疾病的药物极有可能就在不断缩小的雨林里。

　　A 主旨大意题。根据开头的Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment可知，雨林与环境关系密切。

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I've found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors — silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.

　　It's fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks (人行道)．Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide.

　　Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy.I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.

　　My first ride home was orderly (守秩序的)．To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn't want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.

　　Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.

　　I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.

　　1．According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?

　　A．Because they are traditional and safe.

　　B．Because they are convenient and inexpensive.

　　C．Because they are colorful and available.

　　D．Because they are fast and environment friendly.

　　．The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended ________.

　　A．to ride it for funB．to use it for transport

　　C．to experience local cultureD．to improve his riding skills

　　3．How did the author feel about his street crossing?

　　A．It was boring.　 B．It was difficult.

　　C．It was lively.

　　D．It was wonderful.

　　．Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience?

　　A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.

　　B．The author was annoyed by the air while riding.

　　C．The author was praised by the other bikers.

　　D．The author took great pleasure in biking.

　　参考答案1—4、B

　　C

　　B

　　D

　　阅读理解。

　　“Old wives tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another, For example, most of us remember our patents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time

　　Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic（蒜）is good for you, too。It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.

　　Unfortunately, not all of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.

　　Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales, After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated （积累） from thousands of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water should respect this body of knowledge even as research for clear scientific support to proven it true or false

　　1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？

　　A, Eating garlic is good for our eyes

　　B, Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth

　　C, Swimming after a meal is dangerous。

　　D, Carrots prevent people from catching colds

　　2.The author develops the third paragraph mainly--------。

　　A. by cause and effects

　　B. by order in space

　　C. by order in time

　　D. by examples

　　.The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“

　　”

　　A. to be believable

　　B. to be valuable

　　C. to be admirable

　　D. to be stable

　　4 What is the author’s attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text?

　　A. So objective

　　B. Objective

　　C. Dissatisfied

　　D. Curious

　　【参考答案—4、B D A B

　　阅读理解。

　　A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.

　　The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.

　　Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.

　　The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.

　　There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.

　　Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants' significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.

　　Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”

　　本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象DNA的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。

　　1．One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________

　　A．the Asian elephant

　　B．the forest elephant

　　C．the savanna elephant D．the mastodon elephant

　　答案：D。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“...two fossils，mammoths and mastodons...”可知D项正确。

　　．The underlined word “divergence”in Paragraph 4 means “________ ”．

　　A．evolution

　　B．exhibition

　　C．separation

　　D．examination

　　答案：C。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。

　　．The researchers' conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant's ________.

　　A．DNA

　　B．height

　　C．weight

　　D．population

　　答案：A。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA”可知。

　　．What are Alfred Roca's words mainly about?

　　A．The conservation of African elephants.

　　B．The purpose of studying African elephants.

　　C．The way to divide African elephants into two units.

　　D．The reason for the distinction of African elephants.

　　答案：A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“...for conservation purposes”可知A项正确。

　　．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Naturalists' Beliefs about Elephants

　　B．Amazing Experiments about Elephants

　　C．An Unexpected Finding about Elephants

　　D．A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants

　　答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。