2016届安徽芜湖市高考英语二轮阅读理解基础练习（2）

　　安徽芜湖市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮基础练习（2）及答案

　　2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类

　　Honesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often leaves us when no one is watching, British psychologists reported last week.

　　Researchers at UK’s Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology department’s coffee room.

　　They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the price for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of tea were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby.

　　The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and changed each week between pictures of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung.

　　“We were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.

　　Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual (知觉的) signal for humans, scientists say. “Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said Melissa Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study.

　　Researchers believe the effect throws light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. “There’s an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we’re being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” Bateson said.

　　The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to, Bateson said.

　　The finding could be put to practical use. For example, images of eyes could ensure ticket sales on public transport and improve surveillance(监视) systems to deter anti-social behavior. 【小题1】In the experiment, a poster was hung above the money box to ________．

　　A．give a harmonious atmosphere

　　B．remind people the drinks were not free

　　C．prove the actual effect of different pictures

　　D．see how honest people are in different situations

　　【小题2】From the result of the experiment, we can conclude that ________．

　　A．people might pay more for the drinks at the image of gazing eyes

　　B．people may be dishonest when no one is watching them

　　C．no one would pay for the drink unless they are told to

　　D．just a image of flowers is not enough to remind people to pay for a drink

　　【小题3】What is the best title for the passage?

　　A．You're being watched!

　　B．Pay for your drink, please!

　　C．Mind your behavior in public!

　　D．Look out for electronic surveillance equipment!

　　【小题4】Which of the following English proverbs can be best used at the beginning of the passage?

　　A．Once a thief, always a thief

　　B．Lies have short legs

　　C．Honest is the best policy

　　D．An honest look covers many faults

　　【2016第七次适应性训练】

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。’s（加沙）first organ transplants for a long-term plan to train local medical staff to perform the operations.

　　Two patients underwent kidney（肾脏）transplants at the Shifa, Gaza’s biggest public hospital. The operations were conducted a fortnight ago by a volunteer medical team from the Royal Liverpool hospital.

　　Ziad Matouk, 42, was born with one kidney and was diagnosed with renal failure（肾衰竭）several years ago. Matouk, whose wife donated one of her kidneys, hopes to return to his job within six months. The couple had sought a transplant in Cairo, but were rejected as unsuitable at a state hospital and could not afford the fee at a private hospital. “We were desperate,” said Matouk.

　　The UK-Gaza link-up began about a year ago after Abdelkader Hammad, a doctor at the Royal Liverpool hospital, was contacted by an anaesthetist（麻醉师）at the Shifa, who outlined the difficulties the Gaza hospital was facing with dialysis（透析）. The Shifa is forced to rely on generators because of power cuts; spare parts for its ageing dialysis machines have been difficult to import; and supplies of consumables are often scarce. After an exploratory trip last April, Hammad---whose family is Palestinian---and three colleagues from Liverpool arrived in Gaza via Egypt last month, bringing specialist equipment. Two patients were selected for surgery. The first, Mohammed Duhair, 42, received a kidney donated by his younger brother in a six-hour operation. Two days later, Matouk received a transplant after his wife, Nadia, 36, was found to be a good match. The surgeon was carried out by the British team, assisted by doctors and nurses from the Shifa. “We are very satisfied with the results,” said Sobbi Skaik, head of surgery at the Gaza hospital.

　　Skaik hopes that Gaza medical teams will eventually carry out kidney transplants independently, and that other organ transplants may follow. The Shifa is working with the Gaza ministry of health on a plan to train its doctors, surgeons, nursing staff and laboratory technicians in transplant surgery at the Royal Liverpool. “Funding is a problem,” said Hammad. “In the meantime we’ll go back as volunteers to Gaza for the next couple of years to do more transplants.” The Liverpool team’s next visit is scheduled for May.

　　49. What effect does Gaza’s first organ transplants hopes to get?

　　A. Helping poor Gaza people to regain health to make more money.

　　B. Releasing Gaza hospitals’ pressure of lack of professional doctors.

　　C. Assisting the Royal Liverpool hospital in perfecting their operations.

　　D. Calling for international attention at Gaza’s poor medical service.

　　50. Why did the state hospital refuse to practice surgeon for Ziad Matouk?

　　A. Because he couldn’t afford the fee at a public hospital.

　　B. Because the hospital didn’t accept dangerous patients.

　　C. Because they couldn’t find a matched organ.

　　D. Because his condition was untreatable.

　　51. What is the beginning of the cooperation between the Royal Liverpool hospital and Gaza?

　　A. A UK doctor contacted Gaza hospital.

　　B. The Shifa imported medical machines from UK.

　　C. Ziad Matouk’s condition seemed to get worse.

　　D. A Shifa doctor turned to Royal Liverpool hospital for help.

　　52. What did Dr. Hammad and his team do recently?

　　A. They had an exploratory trip in Egypt last April.

　　B. They carried out surgeries to test Gaza’s medical equipment.

　　C. They carried out two transplant surgeries in Gaza.

　　D. They sought assistance from the hospital of the Shifa.

　　【参考答案】49-52. BCDC

　　2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类

　　A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression. The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.

　　The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”. According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They won’t tell that to their parents.

　　Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.

　　Parents should watch for signs of depression -- eating or mood changes -- and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects. 【小题1】 Which of the following is more likely to have depression?

　　A．Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness.

　　B．Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.

　　C．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior.

　　D．Careless parents whose children are deep in love.

　　【小题2】What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A．The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.

　　B．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.

　　C．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.

　　D．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.

　　【小题3】 What’s the author’s attitude towards puppy love?

　　A．Confused B．Disinterested

　　C．Scared D．Disapproving

　　【小题4】What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Puppy love may bring young people depression.

　　B．Parents should forbid their children’s love.

　　C．Romance is a two

　　edged sword for adults.

　　D．Romance is good for young people.

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。

　　Change is everything in the case of mobile phones. Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, but our very bodies as well.

　　First, let’s talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone, is that a mobile number corresponds to a person, while a landline goes to a place. If you call my mobile, you get me. If you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it.

　　This has several implications（含义）. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture forever, is the “meeting” influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now, however, a night out can be arranged on the run. It is no longer “see you there at 8”,but “text me around 8 and we’ll see where we all are.”

　　Texting changes people as well. In their paper, “Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS (Short Message Service) Text Messaging", two British researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone users: the “talkers” and the “texters”－those who prefer voice to text messages and those who prefer text to voice.

　　They found that the mobile phone’s individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. Texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well.

　　Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. There is the “speakeasy”: the head is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the “spacemaker”: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.

　　Who can blame them? Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera- phones intrude（侵入）on people’s privacy. So, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you needn’t worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.

　　41. The “meeting” influence of a mobile phone refers to the fact that ________.

　　A. people can arrange their meeting place and time more flexibly

　　B. people have to make a firm plan about when and where to meet

　　C. people are able to meet someone at any place and any time

　　D. people have to attend phone meetings than ever before

　　42. According to the two British researchers, the Social and Psychological Effects are most likely to be seen on ________.

　　A. talkers B. the “speakeasy” C. the “spacemaker”

　　D. texters

　　43. We can infer from the passage that the texts sent by texters are _________.

　　A. showing or making known 

　　B. well written 

　　C. unacceptable by others 

　　D. shocking to others 

　　44. According to the passage, who is afraid of being heard while talking on the mobile?

　　A. talkers B. the “speakeasy” C. the “spacemaker”

　　D. texters

　　45. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

　　A. The Influence of Short Message Service B. Changes Caused by Mobile Phone Use

　　C. Changes in the Use of the Mobile D. Body Language and the Mobile Phone

　　41. A

　　从第三段People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet.可知。

　　42. D

　　从第四五段可知

　　43. A

　　从第五段可知。

　　44. C

　　从第六段最后一句可知

　　45. B

　　从第一段可知