2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解一百四十集选练：（51）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（51）

　　【阅读理解】

　　For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，self­awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.

　　Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.

　　Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self­reflection test.

　　“We thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss said,

　　elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”

　　The researchers tested Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8­foot­square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.

　　The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.

　　Of the three, Happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.

　　Diana Reiss said，“We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”

　　文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。

　　1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?

　　A. Whether they have large brains.

　　B. Whether they have self­awareness.

　　C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.

　　D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.

　　答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句话“Awareness can be tested by...”可知B项正确。

　　2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?

　　A. They are most familiar to readers.

　　B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.

　　C. They are included in the study by Reiss.

　　D. They are already known to be intelligent.

　　答案：D。推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。

　　3. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?

　　A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.

　　B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.

　　C. She painted a mark on her own face.

　　D. She found the hidden camera.

　　答案：B。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推出Happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。

　　—推理判断题。

　　People in several American states may be surprised to see cars in city streets without a driver. Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California. They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road. The high-tech company Google has a number of self-driving cars, Which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August. Volvo is among the companies dong road tests and says in plans to sell driverless cars by 2020.

　　In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. “Today we’re looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow′s reality—the driverless car.” The systems

　　been improved through competitions sponsored by the U. S. government agency DARPA. Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races.

　　Cars have become much more fuel-efficient, and new electronic features are making Hondas safer, said Angie Nucci of Honda America. ?A camera on the passenger-side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.? Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars. The syatems help drivers, but don′t replace them. Curatou Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer.

　　“By taking out drivers, you also remove most risks of an accident,” Kendall said, you also remove most risks of an accident,” Kendall said. He said consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. ?It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first”,

　　Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. He said this will happen as the technology is improved.

　　What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

　　Driverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.

　　Volvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.

　　Google′s self-driving cars have covered a long distance.

　　Driverless cars are pointing us a faraway future.

　　We learn that Governor of California Jerry Brown.

　　Helped design self-driving cars.

　　Supports self-driving cars on roads.

　　Considers self-driving cars science fiction.

　　Improved the self-driving car systems

　　According to Richard Mason. What is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?

　　They are now too expensive for consumers.

　　Their technical problems remain to be solved.

　　They are not allowed to run on the road.

　　They are more dangerous for people on the street.

　　What｀s the best title of the passage?

　　A . the benefits of the self-driving v cars

　　B . the biggest challenge of the self-driving cars

　　C. self-driving cars: science fiction future is near

　　D. safer of more dangerous—self-driving cars.

　　语篇解读

　　本文主要讲述了无人驾驶车正在进入我们的生活。Richard Mason 认为无人驾驶汽车最大的挑战是对于消费者来说太贵了。

　　C 推理判断题。根据Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California.可知，谷歌的无人驾驶汽车走了很长的距离。

　　B 推理判断题。根据In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. 可知，加州的州长Jerry Brown支持无人驾驶汽车上路。

　　A 细节理解题，根据Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. 可知，Richard Mason认为无人驾驶汽车最大的挑战是对于消费者来说太贵了。

　　C 主旨大意题。 本文主要讲述了无人驾驶汽车正在进入我们的生活。

　　阅读理解。

　　Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists(考古学家) says. I a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.

　　“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.

　　The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.

　　The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.

　　Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.

　　Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we wee led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”

　　The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.

　　1. According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _________.

　　A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remains

　　B. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research

　　C. it was introduced by the government without their knowledge

　　D. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains

　　2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.

　　B. Human remains of the oldest species wee dug out at Happisburgh.

　　C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.

　　D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.

　　3. What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?

　　A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.

　　B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.

　　C. The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.

　　D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.

　　4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

　　A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.

　　B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.

　　C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.

　　D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archaeologists warn.

　　【参考答案】1—4、ＢＣＤＤ

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 finished. But these happy conditions are fairly new. It is not many years since a man who had to have an operation felt all its pain.

　　Long ago, an operation had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best for him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.

　　Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called “laughing gas”. Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing. But one man at a party, Horace Wells noticed that people didn't seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself. He asked a friend to help him. Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Wells' teeth. Wells felt no pain at all.

　　As he didn't know enough about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.

　　Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never forgot this terrible event.

　　1. Long ago,when the sick man was operated on ,he _________.

　　A. could feel nothing

　　B. could not want anything

　　C. Could feel all the pain

　　D. Could do anything

　　2. Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to ________.

　　A. be afraid of anything

　　B. feel pain

　　C. want to go to the parties

　　D. be ill

　　3. If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he ________.

　　A. felt nothing

　　B. felt very comfortable

　　C. still felt pain

　　D. would die

　　4.One who took too much of the laughing gas ________.

　　A. would laugh all the time

　　B. would die

　　C. would never feel pain

　　D. would be very calm

　　参考答案1—4 CBCB