2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解一百四十集选练：（105）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（105）及（解析）答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last Tuesday.

　　The survey，published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well－developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”．

　　The majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，first－generation rich.Fifty－two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.

　　They are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.

　　Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产)they plan to leave them.

　　“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，”said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”

　　The trend is led by the world's richest man Bill Gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金会)，and not to his children.

　　“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，”he said.

　　Of his plans for his children，Gates said：“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage...they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”

　　【语篇解读】 调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。

　　．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance

　　B．rich parents don't equal rich kids，at least in the US

　　C．American children don't get to inherit their parents' wealth

　　D．poor children don't expect themselves to be as rich as their parents

　　解析　推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。

　　答案　B

　　．According to the survey，most rich Americans ________.

　　A．think they owe their children nothing

　　B．think it best to give their money back to society

　　C．doubt their children's ability to handle wealth

　　D. are confident of their children's ability to handle wealth

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。

　　答案　C

　　．The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 6 refers to ________.

　　A．responsible children

　　B．Bill Gates and his wife

　　C．first－generation rich

　　D．rich parents

　　解析　词义猜测题。富裕的父母们希望把他们的财富传给

　　下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“the

　　wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。

　　答案　D

　　．From the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ________.

　　A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children

　　B．the positive impact of charity on society

　　C．the way of giving back to society

　　D．the importance of independence for children

　　解析　推理判断题。根据本段中比尔·盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。

　　答案　DA,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The multi－million pound new Library of Birmingham (LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life.

　　Set to open in 2016，the￡188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre，with which it will share some equipment.

　　As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.

　　Brian Gambles，the LoB project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24－hour services which can be used through many different ways.It is important to enable us to reach more people，more effectively.”

　　The digital library will，he says，be as important as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.

　　Even before the LoB is complete，the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB，designed by Baden，the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists.Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB，but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.

　　Two other small Birmingham－based digital companies are also working on the LoB projects.Substrat，a digital design company，is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.It is about the use of an exciting smart phone，an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development.And The People's Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots，in

　　which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on

　　the material.

　　Gambles says：“Technology will enable us to make the library's content and services open to citizens as never before”

　　【语篇解读】 本文是一则资讯报道。即将落成的Library of Birmingham(LoB)将是伯明翰市接受日常生活数字化的标志。

　　1．The underlined part“its idea”in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of ________.

　　A．the equipment

　　B．the project

　　C．the digital media

　　D．the physical library

　　解析　词义猜测题。第三段中的“the project”指的是文章中出现的“the LoB project”，结合画线部分的上下文语境可知此处讲的是数字媒体对这个项目很重要，所以B项正确。

　　答案　B

　　．While visiting the Virtual LoB，the public can ________.

　　A．get a general idea of the LoB

　　B．meet many world－famous experts

　　C．learn how to put up a library building

　　D．understand how the specialists work on the project

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB...”可知，公众访问虚拟LoB可了解LoB的大体情况。

　　答案　A

　　．Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?

　　A．a，b，d

　　B．a，c，e

　　C．b，c，d

　　D．b，d，e

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知a、b两项正确，e项错误；根据倒数第二段的第二、三句可知c项错误；由倒数第二段的最后一句可知d项正确。故选A项。

　　答案　A

　　．The text is most probably taken from ________.

　　A．a computer book

　　B．a library guide

　　C．a project handbook

　　D．a newspaper report

　　解析　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了即将落成的Library of Birmingham(LoB)的相关情况，最有可能是一则资讯报道。

　　答案　D阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Most people are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.

　　Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.

　　No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.

　　Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.

　　1. What is the hand for most people used to do?

　　A. It’s used to find or hold things.

　　B. It’s used to work with things.

　　C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.

　　D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.

　　2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.

　　B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.

　　C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.

　　D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.

　　3. The best title for this passage is _______.

　　A. Scientists’ New Inventions

　　B. Left-handed People

　　C. Which Hand

　　D. Different Brains, Different Hands

　　参考答案1—3、ABC

　　【阅读理解】科普知识类

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Which are you more likely to have with you at any given moment—your cellphone or your wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.

　　In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6, 800 of its stores. This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U. S. , but we’re likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication(NFC) gets into America’s consumer electronics. Last December, some new smart phones which contain an NFC chip were introduced to the public.

　　Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe, NFC allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminal—a contact-free system built for speed and convenience. But before NFC becomes widely adopted in the U. S. , a few problems need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable transaction (交易) fees. Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave-and-pay systems that use NFC-enabled credit cards, cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the point-of-sale(POS) market. Three big cellphone service providers have formed a joint venture　(合资企业) that will go into operation over the next 15 months. Its goal is “to lead the U. S. payments industry from cards to mobile phones.”

　　The other big NFC issue, apart from how payments will be processed, is security. For instance, what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone,” says Jimmy Shah, a mobile-security researcher. “Users may also be able to set transaction limits, perhaps requiring a password to be entered for larger purchases.”

　　Still uneasy about this digital-wallet business? Keep in mind that if you lose your smart phone, it can be located on a map and remotely disabled. Plus, your phone can be password protected. Your wallet isn’t.

　　1. What is predicted to happen in the U. S. ?

　　A. The expansion of cellphone companies.

　　B. The boom of pay-by-phone business.

　　C. The disappearance of credit cards.

　　D. The increase of Starbucks sales.

　　2. The NFC technology can be used to　.　

　　A. ensure the safety of shoppers

　　B. collect transaction fees easily

　　C. make purchase faster and simpler

　　D. improve the quality of cellphones

　　3. Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to　.　

　　A. strengthen their relationship

　　B. get a share in the payments industry

　　C. sell more cellphones

　　D. test the NFC technology

　　4. According to the passage, what can users do if they lose their smart phones?

　　A. Stop the functioning of their phones.

　　B. Set up a password.

　　C. Get all the money out of their phones.

　　D. Cancel large purchases.

　　【参考答案】1—4、 BCBA