浙江省2016高考英语二轮复习 专题训练 阅读理解（4）

　　浙江省2016高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（4）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）

　　A

　　Here's a familiar version of the boy-meets-girl situation. A young man has at last plucked up courage to invite a dazzling young lady out to dinner. She has accepted his invitation and he is overjoyed. He is determined to take her to the best restaurant in town, even if it means that he will have to live on memories and hopes during the month to come. When they get to the restaurant, he discovers that this beautiful creature is on a diet. She mustn’t eat this and she mustn't drink that. Oh, but of course, she doesn't want to spoil his enjoyment. Let him by all means eat as much fattening food as he wants: it’s the surest way to an early grave. They spend a truly memorable evening together and never see each other again.

　　What a miserable lot dieters are! You can always recognize them from the sour expression on their faces. They spend most of their time turning their noses up at food. They are forever consulting calorie charts; gazing at themselves in mirrors; and leaping on to weighing-machines in the bathroom. They spend a lifetime fighting a losing battle against spreading hips, bigger tummies（肚子） and double chins. Some declare all-out war on FAT. Mere dieting is not enough. They exhaust themselves doing exercises, sweating in sauna baths, being massaged by weird machines. The really wealthy pay vast sums for “health cures”. For two weeks they can enter a nature clinic and be starved to death for a hundred dollars a week. Don’t think it’s only the middle-aged who go in for these fashions either. Many of these bright young things you see are living on nothing but air, water and the goodwill of God.

　　Dieters undertake to starve themselves of their own free will; so why are they so miserable? Well, for one thing, they’re always hungry. You can't be hungry and happy at the same time. All the horrible foods they eat leave them permanently dissatisfied. “Wonderfood is a complete food”, the advertisement says. “Just dissolve(溶解) a teaspoonful in water…”. A complete food it may be, but not quite as complete as a juicy steak. And, of course, they’re always miserable because they feel so guilty. Hunger just proves too much for them and in the end they may rush to eat five huge cream cakes at a time. And who can blame them? At least three times a day they are exposed to temptation. What torture（折磨） it is always watching others swallowing piles of mouth-watering food while you only have a water biscuit and sip unsweetened lemon juice!

　　What’s all this torture for? Saintly people keep themselves away from food to achieve a state of grace. Unsaintly people do so to achieve a state of misery. It will be a great day when all the dieters in the world abandon their slimming courses; when they hold out their plates and demand second helpings!

　　1. Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?

　　A. New ways of controlling weight are needed. B. We should all have second helpings and grow fat.

　　C. Many diseases are connected with overweight. D. Trying to be slim is not an excuse for suffering.

　　2.

　　How did the boy and the girl most probably feel after the night?

　　A. Excited.

　　B. Awkward.

　　C. Nervous.

　　D. Hurt.

　　3. According to the writer, which of the following are all typical dieters?

　　A. ① ② ③

　　B. ② ④ ⑤

　　C. ① ③ ⑥

　　D. ③ ④ ⑥

　　4.

　　Why might the boy have to live on memories and hopes during the month to come (Paragraph 1)？

　　A. He knew they would have a wonderful night.

　　B. He knew there’s no hope of seeing the girl again.

　　C. He knew they would meet again and share the good memories.

　　D. He knew he would have no living expense for the next month.

　　5. What is the writer’s attitude towards diet?

　　A. Supportive . B. Critical.

　　C. Doubtful.

　　D. Uninterested.

　　B

　　Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary

　　stick   verb (stuck, stuck ) push sth in [+adv./prep.] to push sth, usually a sharp object, into sth; to be pushed into sth: [VN] The nurse stuck the needle into my arm. ◆ Don't stick your fingers through the bars of the cage. ◆ [V] I found a nail sticking in the tyre. attach [+adv./prep.] to fix sth to sth else, usually with a sticky substance; to become fixed to sth in this way: [VN] He stuck a stamp on the envelope. ◆ We used glue to stick the broken pieces together. ◆ I stuck the photos into an album. ◆ [V] Her wet clothes were sticking to her body. ◆ The glue's useless-the pieces just won't stick. put [VN +adv./prep.] (informal) to put sth in a place, especially quickly or carelessly: Stick your bags down there. ◆ He stuck his hands in his pockets and strolled off. ◆ Can you stick this on the noticeboard? ◆ Peter stuck his head around the door and said, 'Coffee, anyone?' ◆ (spoken) Stick 'em up! (= put your hands above your head-I have a gun) become fixed [V] ~ (in sth) to become fixed in one position and impossible to move: The key has stuck in the lock. ◆ This drawer keeps sticking. difficult situation (BrE, informal) (usually used in negative sentences and questions) to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation or person: [VN] I don't know how you stick that job. ◆ They're always arguing-I can't stick it any longer. ◆ The problem is, my mother can't stick my boyfriend. ◆ [V -ing] John can't stick living with his parents. become accepted [V] to become accepted: The police couldn't make the charges stick (= show them to be true). ◆ His friends called him Bart and the name has stuck (= has become the name that everyone calls him). [V] to not take any more cards Idioms: stick in your mind (of a memory, an image, etc.) to be remembered for a long time: One of his paintings in particular sticks in my mind. stick in your throat / craw (informal) (of words) to be difficult or impossible to say: She wanted to say how sorry she was but the words seemed to stick in her throat. (of a situation) to be difficult or impossible to accept; to make you angry stick your neck out (informal) to do or say sth when there is a risk that you may be wrong: I'll stick my neck out and say that Bill is definitely the best candidate for the job. stick to your guns (informal) to refuse to change your mind about sth even when other people are trying to persuade you that you are wrong Phrasal Verbs: stick around (informal) to stay in a place, waiting for sth to happen or for sb to arrive: Stick around; we'll need you to help us later. stick at sth to work in a serious and determined way to achieve sth: If you want to play an instrument well, you've got to stick at it. stick by sb [no passive] to be loyal to a person and support them, especially in a difficult situation: Her husband was charged with fraud but she stuck by him. stick by sth [no passive] to do what you promised or planned to do: They stuck by their decision. stick sthdown (informal) to write sth somewhere: I think I'll stick my name down on the list. stick out to be noticeable or easily seen: They wrote the notice in big red letters so that it would stick out. stick sthout (of sth) to be further out than sth else or come through a hole; to push sth further out than sth else or through a hole: His ears stick out. ◆ She stuck her tongue out at me. ◆ Don't stick your arm out of the car window. stick to sth to continue doing sth in spite of difficulties: She finds it impossible to stick to a diet. to continue doing or using sth and not want to change it: He promised to help us and he stuck to his word (= he did as he had promised). ◆ 'Shall we meet on Friday this week?' 'No, let's stick to Saturday.' ◆ She stuck to her story. stick together (informal) (of people) to stay together and support each other: We were the only British people in the town so we tended to stick together. stick up to point upwards or be above a surface: The branch was sticking up out of the water. stick with sb/sth [no passive] (informal) to stay close to sb so that they can help you: Stick with me and I'll make you a millionaire! to continue with sth or continue doing sth: They decided to stick with their original plan. noun from tree [C] a thin piece of wood that has fallen or been broken from a tree: We collected dry sticks to start a fire. ◆ The boys were throwing sticks and stones at the dog. ◆ Her arms and legs were like sticks (= very thin). for walking [C] (especially BrE) = WALKING STICK: The old lady leant on her stick as she talked. in sport [C] a long thin object that is used in some sports to hit or control the ball: a hockey stick long thin piece [C] (often in compounds) a long thin piece of sth: a stick of dynamite ◆ carrot sticks ◆ (AmE) a stick of butter [C] (often in compounds) a thin piece of wood or plastic that you use for a particular purpose: pieces of pineapple on sticks ◆ The men were carrying spades and measuring sticks. in plane / vehicle [C] (informal, especially AmE) the control stick of a plane [C] (informal, especially AmE) a handle used to change the GEARS of a vehicle for orchestra [C] a BATON, used by the person who CONDUCTS an orchestra criticism [U] (BrE, informal) criticism or harsh words: The referee got a lot of stick from the home fans. country areas (the sticks) [pl.] (informal) country areas, a long way from cities: We live out in the sticks. person [C] (old-fashioned, BrE, informal) a person: He's not such a bad old stick.

　　6. When Jimmy says: “Every morning, I have to take the crowded bus to school, which I really can’t stick.”, he may feel ________.

　　A. worried

　　B. curious

　　C. annoyed

　　D. discouraged

　　7.

　　Due to her fashionable dress, the woman stuck out when she was walking in the street. “stuck out” in this sentence means “________”.

　　A. be noticeable

　　B. be followed

　　C. be admired

　　D. be envied

　　8. When I was in trouble, Paul was the only one who _______ to help me.

　　A. stuck in his throat

　　B. stuck together

　　C. stuck up

　　D. stuck his neck out

　　9. Sally said to me: “Try a peaceful life out in the sticks, and you will experience something totally different.” She means ________.

　　A. I should go to the woods to enjoy a new life.

　　B. I should ignore the criticism and enjoy myself.

　　C. I should go to the remote areas to have a change.

　　D. I should go out by plane instead of by train to change my feelings.

　　C

　　We discuss the issue of when to help a patient die. Doctors of our generation are not newcomers to this question. Going back to my internship（实习）days, I can remember many patients in pain, sometimes in coma(昏迷), with late, hopeless cancer. For many of them, we wrote an order for heavy medication—morphine(吗啡)by the clock. This was not talked about openly and little was written about it. It was essential, not controversial.

　　The best way to bring the problem into focus is to describe two patients whom I cared for. The first, formerly a nurse, had an automobile accident. A few days later her lungs seemed to fill up; her heart developed dangerous rhythm disturbances. So there she was: in coma, on a breathing machine, her heartbeat maintained with an electrical device. One day after rounds, my secretary said the husband and son of the patient wanted to see me. They told me their wife and mother was obviously going to die; she was a nurse and had told her family that she never wanted this kind of terrible death, being maintained by machines. I told them that while I respected their view, there was nothing deadly about her situation. The kidney(肾) failure she had was just the kind for which the artificial kidney was most effective. While possibly a bit reassured, they were disappointed. Here was the head surgeon seemingly determined to keep everybody alive, no matter what.

　　Within a few days the patient's pacemaker(起搏器) could be removed and she awoke from her coma. About six months later, the door of my office opened and in walked a gloriously fit woman. After some cheery words of appreciation, the father and son asked to speak to me alone. As soon as the door closed, both men became quite tearful. All that came out was, "We want you to know how wrong we were."

　　The second patient was an 85-year-old lady whose hair caught fire while she was smoking. She arrived with a deep burn; I knew it would surely be deadly. As a remarkable coincidence there was a meeting for discussion going on at the time in medical ethics(道德). The speaker asked me if I had any sort of ethical problem I could bring up for discussion. I described the case and asked the students their opinion. After the discussion, I made a remark that was, when looking back, a serious mistake. I said, "I'll take the word back to the nurses about her and we will talk about it some more before we decide." The instructor and the students were shocked: "You mean this is a real patient?" The teacher of ethics was not accustomed to being challenged by actuality. In any event, I went back and met with the nurses. A day or two later, when she was making no progress and was suffering terribly, we began to back off treatment. Soon she died quietly and not in pain. As a reasonable physician, you had better move ahead and do what you would want done for you. And don't discuss it with the world first. There is a lesson here for everybody. Assisting people to leave this life requires strong judgment and long experience to avoid its misuse.

　　10. In the early days when a patient had got a deadly, hopeless illness, _____.

　　doctors used to ask the patient to go back home and wait for death

　　doctors would write all their treatment plan on the patient’s medical record

　　doctors would talk about their treatment plan openly

　　usually doctors would inject more morphine into the patient to end his life

　　11. The first patient’s husband and son wanted the doctor_____.

　　to end her life

　　B. to save her life

　　to operate on her at once

　　D. to use an artificial kidney

　　12. In the second paragraph, why were they disappointed?

　　Their wife and mother was going to die.

　　They doctor didn’t do as they asked to.

　　Their wife and mother had to receive a kidney transplant.

　　The doctor scolded them for their cruelty

　　13. At the meeting, the author discussed with the students_____.

　　how to help patients end their lives

　　the importance of mercy killing

　　the relationship between mercy killing and ethics

　　the case about an old lady

　　14. The author suggested that doctors_____ before they assist a patient in killing himself.

　　discuss it with the others first

　　make sure there is no other choice left

　　be required to do so first by the patient

　　give the patient enough morphine

　　15.Which of the following can best describe the author?

　　Cruel.

　　B. Determined.

　　C. Experienced.

　　D. Considerate.

　　D

　　The Board Meeting had come to an end. Bob started to stand up and knocked into the table, spilling his coffee over his notes. “How embarrassing! I am getting so clumsy in my old age.”

　　Everyone had a good laugh, and soon we were all telling stories of our most embarrassing moments. It came around to Frank who sat quietly listening to the others. Someone said, “Come on, Frank. Tell us your most embarrassing moment.”

　　Frank laughed and began to tell us of his childhood. “I grew up in San Pedro. My Dad was a fisherman, and he loved the sea. He had his own boat, but it was hard making a living on the sea. He worked hard and would stay out until he caught enough to feed the family. Not just enough for our family, but also for his Mom and Dad and the other kids that were still at home.”

　　He looked at us and said, “I wish you could have met my Dad. He was a big man, and he was strong from pulling the nets and fighting the seas for his catch. When you got close to him, he smelled like the ocean. He would wear his old canvas, foul-weather coat and his bibbed overalls. His rain hat would be pulled down over his brow. No matter how much my mother washed them, they would still smell of the sea and of fish.”

　　Frank’s voice dropped a bit. “When the weather was bad he would drive me to school. He had this old truck that he used in his fishing business. That truck was older than he was. It would wheeze and rattle down the road. You could hear it coming for blocks. As he would drive toward the school, I would shrink (畏缩) down into the seat hoping to disappear. Half the time, he would slam to a stop and the old truck would belch (喷出) a cloud of smoke. He would pull right up in front, and it seemed like everybody would be standing around and watching. Then he would lean over and give me a big kiss on the cheek and tell me to be a good boy. It was so embarrassing for me. Here, I was twelve years old, and my Dad would lean over and kiss me goodbye!”

　　He paused and then went on, “I remember the day I decided I was too old for a goodbye kiss. When we got to the school and came to a stop, he had his usual big smile. He started to lean toward me, but I put my hand up and said, “No, Dad.” It was the first time I had ever talked to him that way, and he had this surprised look on his face. I said, “Dad, I’m too old for a goodbye kiss. I’m too old for any kind of kiss.” My Dad looked at me for the longest time, and his eyes started to tear up. Then he turned and looked out the windshield. “ You’re right,” he said. “ You are a big boy....a man. I won’t kiss you anymore.”

　　Frank got a funny look on his face, and the tears began to well up in his eyes, as he spoke. “It wasn’t long after that when my Dad went to sea and never came back. It was a day when most of the fleet (船队) stayed in, but not Dad. He had a big family to feed. They found his boat adrift with its nets half in and half out. He must have gotten into a strong wind and was trying to save the nets and the floats.”

　　I looked at Frank and saw that tears were running down his cheeks. Frank spoke again. “Guys, you don’t know what I would give to have my Dad give me just one more kiss on the cheek…to feel his rough old face… to smell the ocean on him… to feel his arm around my neck. I wish I had been a man then. If I had been a man, I would never have told my Dad I was too old for a goodbye kiss.”

　　16. When his father drove him to the school, Frank would shrink down into the seat hoping to disappear because ________.

　　A. he was ashamed of his father’s old truck

　　B. he thought he was old enough to go to school alone

　　C. he didn’t want his schoolmates to see his father

　　D. he hated the way his schoolmates stared at his father

　　17. In Frank’s eyes, when his father said “You are a big boy… a man.”, he probably felt ________.

　　A. disappointed B. hurt C. excited D. proud

　　18. According to the story we can conclude that Frank’s father ________.

　　A. was quite confident in his skills in fishing

　　B. loved his children but hardly expressed it

　　C. seldom gave up faced with challenges

　　D. was full of devotion to his family

　　19. By saying the sentence “I wish I had been a man then…”, Frank meant ________.

　　A. he was fed up with his father kissing him goodbye

　　B. he deeply regretted what he had done to his father

　　C. he was then too young to refuse a goodbye kiss

　　D. he hoped that his father would forgive him

　　20. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?

　　A. The Smell of the Ocean B. We All Need Love

　　C. A Goodbye Kiss D. Father’s Embarrassment

　　1---5

　　DBCDB

　　6---9

　　CADC

　　10---15

　　DABDBC

　　16---20

　　ABDBC

　　① weighs himself three times a day ② eats five huge cream cakes at a time

　　③ always checks calorie charts

　　④ has expensive yet nutritious meals every week

　　⑤ has big tummies and double chins ⑥ takes sauna baths