山东省2016届高三外研版英语单元测试Book3 Module3《The Violence of Nature》Word版含解析

　　山东省2016高三外研版英语单元测试

　　Book 3

　　Module 3

　　　(时间：40分钟　满分：70分)

　　Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

　　1．— Sorry, but I still don't quite understand that phrase.

　　— OK，let me make another sentence to________its meaning.

　　A．bring about

　　B．bring up

　　C．bring out

　　D．bring in

　　2．Only under special circumstances________to take make­up tests.

　　A．are freshmen permitted

　　B．permitted are freshmen

　　C．freshmen are permitted

　　D．are permitted freshmen

　　3．—Do you mind me putting your photo on the Internet?

　　—________.

　　A．Yes, go ahead, please

　　B．No, I do mind

　　C．I'd rather you didn't

　　D．No, I'd love to

　　4．—I wonder why he has been acting so strangely these days.

　　—Recent pressure at work may________his behavior.

　　A．account for

　　B．call for

　　C．change for

　　D． stand for

　　5．—Do you know how I can________him?

　　—On his mobile phone.

　　A．learn

　　B．reach

　　C．seek

　　D．touch

　　6．The company can't afford to buy the latest equipment at present.________，they keep trying new ways to improve efficiency.

　　A．On the contrary

　　B．In contrast

　　C．Nevertheless

　　D．Furthermore

　　7．The theme park offers a wide________of activities for the tourists.(2016·黄冈质检)

　　A．circle

　　B．amount

　　C．range

　　D．quantity

　　8．The policemen arrived and soon________the house in which the robbers hid themselves.

　　A．locked

　　B．placed

　　C．spotted

　　D．ruined

　　9．—How often do you visit your parents in the country?

　　—I feel ashamed.________.

　　A．Very often

　　B．By accident

　　C．Just once in a while

　　D．All of a sudden

　　10．Our attitude towards life is________makes the difference between our being happy or not.

　　A．that

　　B．whether

　　C．what

　　D．which

　　11．What impresses me most is________he appears in front of others, he always wears a charming smile.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．wherever

　　D．that whenever

　　12．After losing a large amount of money on my last business，I'm not________this time.

　　A．taking a chance

　　B．taking away

　　C．taking on

　　D．taking off

　　13．This football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals________.

　　A．by chance

　　B．on end

　　C．in turn

　　D．on purpose

　　14．—Is that the small town you often refer to?

　　—Right, just the one________you know I used to work for years.(2016·东北三校联考)

　　A．that

　　B．which

　　C．where

　　D．what

　　15．The trip to the mountain reminded me of the________of my childhood when I lived in the countryside.

　　A．views

　　B．scenes

　　C．scenery

　　D．sights

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

　　A car made from a banana

　　Have you experienced a car made from a banana or a pineapple？It's not a joke.Scientists in Brazil have developed a new way to use fibers from fruit plants to reinforce car plastics.

　　By using fibers from seemingly delicate fruits such as bananas and pineapples，the scientists claim that they can strengthen new plastics，making them not only stronger and lighter，but more sustainable(可持续的)as well.

　　“They(the new plastics)are light，but very strong—30 percent lighter and three to four times stronger than old plastics，”research leader Alcides Leao from Sao Paulo State University in Brazil told the American Chemical Society.Some of the fibers can be as strong

　　as Kevlar，a super­strong material used to make bulletproof vests.Besides，the plastics are also more resistant to damage from heat，water，oxygen and even spilled gasoline.

　　Cellulose(纤维素)is the main component(成分)of wood and has been used for centuries to make paper.Recently scientists have discovered that intensive(密集的)processing of wood releases tiny or nano­cellulose fibers，so tiny that 50,000 could fit across the width of a single human hair.When mixed with other raw materials，these nano­cellulose fibers can make plastics stronger.

　　According to Leao，pineapple leaves and stems(茎)，and a plant related to the pineapple in South America，called curaua，rather than wood may be the most promising source for nano­cellulose.To create the plastics，researchers put the leaves and stems of pineapples and other plants into a device similar to a pressure cooker.Then they added certain chemicals and heated the mixture over several cycles，producing a powder that was then added to the plastics.

　　The process is costly，but it takes just 1 pound of nano­cellulose to produce 100 pounds of super­strong，lightweight plastics，Leao pointed out.

　　Some car makers have already tested these nano­cellulose plastics and scientists have predicted the plastics would be in use within two years，mainly for bodies for cars.

　　16．The underlined word “reinforce”in

　　the first paragraph is closest in meaning to“________”．

　　A．take the place of

　　B．make something stronger

　　C．increase the percentage of

　　D．get rid of

　　17．Which of the following statements about the nano­sized fruit fiber is TRUE?

　　A．It is used to make bulletproof vests.

　　B．It is used to replace steel and aluminum automotive parts.

　　C．It can resist damage from heat，water or oxygen.

　　D．Leao thinks it is better than nano­cellulose from wood.

　　18．According to the article，which of the following is the correct order that researchers produced super­strong，lightweight plastics?

　　a．put pineapple leaves and stems into a device similar to a pressure cooker

　　b．a powder is formed

　　c．add some powders to the plastics

　　d．add certain chemicals and heat the mixture over several cycles

　　A．b，c，a，d

　　B．a，b，c，d

　　C．b，a，c，d

　　D．a，d，b，c

　　19．We can conclude from the article that nano­cellulose________.

　　A．costs too much to produce

　　B．is the best if produced from wood

　　C．is about the width of a single human hair

　　D．is currently being tested to build bodies for cars

　　20．The writer holds ________ attitude toward the new plastics.

　　A．positive

　　B．negative

　　C．indifferent

　　D．objective

　　Ⅲ.阅读表达(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)

　　[1]Queuing, warm beer and afternoon tea—what do they have in common? They are all part of British life, or so I thought. However, the ability to queue for long periods of time, once believed to be a typical traditional characteristic of the British, is no longer tolerated by people in the UK, according to a survey done by the Payments Council. It would seem they are no longer prepared to wait in line.

　　[2]Once upon a time, queuing was seen as normal. During the Second World War, everyone had to queue up to receive their daily ration(配给)of foods. In fact, if you didn't stand up and wait in line with all the others, it was________uncivilized (不文明)．The famous English double­decker buses, with only one entrance, might also help explain why queuing was seen as a part of life. Almost always, there is a queue to get on.

　　[3]But perhaps the British are tired of being pushed by the Spanish, the Italians or the French as they queue up to get a table at a restaurant. The people of these other European countries have more than one entrance to their buses, which could explain their more relaxed attitude to the queue.

　　[4]Two minutes is now the longest time most British are prepared to stand and wait. But could it be that the Internet, which allows us to carry out tasks quickly, is the main reason why British people are no longer prepared to queue? As the Internet has become more popular among shoppers, impatience with queuing has increased.

　　[5]“Used to buying without delay, customers are even abandoning purchases rather than wait their turn，”says Stuart Neal of Barclaycard.“Shoppers_are_also_less_likely_to_queue_for_longer_if_the_item_they_are_buying_is_of_low_value.”Perhaps I will have to replace“queuing”with“impatience”in my list of things I associate with the British.

　　21．What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　22．Which of the fol1owing can be replaced by the following one?

　　In the past queuing was thought to be a traditional feature of the British, but now they can't stand it any more.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　23．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper phrases.(no more than 4 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　24．Why do British people tend not to queue any longer? (no more than l5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　25．Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Ⅳ.书面表达（30分）

　　假定你是李华，

　　18岁，

　　来自山东。

　　一个月前刚到英国，

　　正在一所大学学习暑期课程。目前在写作方面遇到一些困难，

　　希望得到学校辅导中心(Learning Center)的帮助。请按下列要点写一封信：

　　1．本人简介；2．求助内容；3．约定时间；

　　4．你的联系方式(Email：lihua@126.com；Phone：12345678)。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，

　　以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头和结尾已为你写好。

　　Dear Sir/Madam，

　　__________________________

　　参 考 答 案

　　1.答案　C　[考查动词词义辨析。bring about 导致；引起；bring up抚养；教育；bring out 生产；阐明；bring in 提出；引入。句意：——对不起，可是我仍然不明白那个短语的意思。——好的，我再造一个句子来阐明它的含义。]

　　2.答案　A　[考查倒装句的用法。only 修饰状语位于句首句子用倒装结构。句意：只有在特殊的条件下一年级新生才被允许参加补考。]

　　3.答案　C　[I'd rather you didn't.你最好别这样做。符合语境及句意。]

　　4.答案　A　[考查动词短语的辨析。account for 解释；说明；call for 需要；要求；change for 替换；更换；stand for代表。由语境可知A项正确。句意：——我想知道他最近的行为为什么这么怪。——最近工作上压力可能会说明这一原因。]

　　5.答案　B　[考查动词词义辨析。learn 学习；得知；reach 到达；抵达；此处指联系；seek寻找；touch触摸。由语境可知B项正确。句意：——你知道我怎么能联系到他么？——打他的手机。]

　　6.答案　C　[考查插入语辨析。on the contrary相反地；in contrast对比；nevertheless不过；然而；furthermore而且。句意：公司目前买不起最新的设备，尽管如此，他们在不停的尝试提高效率。两句话之间存在让步关系，故选nevertheless。]

　　7.答案　C　[考查名词词义辨析。circle圆；圆形；amount数量；range范围；一系列；quantity数量。a wide range of 一系列的。句意：这家主题公园为游客提供一系列的活动。]

　　8.答案　C　[考查动词词义的辨析。lock(用锁)锁上；被锁住；place放置；spot看见；注意到；ruin毁坏。由语境可知C 项正确。句意：警察到了并很快就看到了那所抢劫犯隐藏的房子。]

　　9.答案　C　[考查情景交际。由上句的feel ashamed可知“只是偶尔去看看。”just once in a while偶尔；by accident偶然地；all of a sudden突然地。句意：——你隔多久去看望你在乡下的父母？——很不好意思，我只是偶尔去看看。]

　　10.答案　C　[考查名词性从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，从句缺少主语，而which表范围，不符合句意。]

　　11.答案　D　[that 引导表语从句时不省略。whenever引导时间状语从句，意为“无论何时”。句意： 给我留下印象最深的是无论什么时候他出现在别人面前他都面带迷人的微笑。]

　　12.答案　A　[考查动词短语的辨析。take a chance 冒险；take away带走；take on 呈现；take off起飞；脱下。句意：上一次生意我损失了一大笔钱，这次我不能再冒险了。]

　　13.答案　D　[考查介词短语的辨析。by chance 碰巧；on end 竖着；连续地；in turn反过来；on purpose 故意地。句意：这位足球队员被指控收了别人的钱而故意不进球。]

　　14.答案　C　[考查定语从句的引导词。句中you know 为插入语，where 在从句中作状语。句意：——那就是你经常提到的那个小镇吗？——是的，你知道那就是我过去在那儿工作了好多年的地方。]

　　15.答案　B　[考查名词词义的辨析。view观点；景色；scene场景；scenery风景；sight名胜；风景。句意：到那座山上去旅游使我想起了住在乡下的童年时代。]

　　【解题导语】 本文是一篇有关科普产品的介绍。作者介绍了一种新型的超强、轻型塑料产品的优势以及对此产品的展望。

　　16.答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“strengthen new plastics，making them not only stronger”可知reinforce的意思相当于strengthen，故B项是最佳答案。]

　　17.答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段可知用作防弹背心的是另外一种材料Kevlar，故排除A项。B项在文章中没提到。C项不是说“nano­sized fruit fiber”的，而是说用它们制成的新塑料的特征的。根据第五段中的“...rather than wood may be the most promising source for nano­cellulose”可判断出D项正确。]

　　18.答案　D　[细节理解题。第五段介绍了制造这种塑料的加工过程。首先把菠萝的叶子和茎及一种和菠萝相关的植物放入像压力锅一样的设备中，然后放入化学原料，加热几次，形成能被填入塑料中的粉状物。由此可知D项是最佳答案。]

　　19.答案　D　[细节理解题。第六段介绍1磅的nano­cellulose就能生产100磅的这种塑料，由此可知A项错误。第五段第一句话告诉我们来自于木头中的nano­cellulose并不是最好的原材料，故B项错误。根据第四段中的“...so tiny that 50,000 could fit across the width of a single human hair...”可知C项错误。根据最后一段可判断出D项正确。]

　　20.答案　A　[态度推断题。第一段中作者以问句开头，引出了他想介绍的新产品，再根据第一段中的“It's not a joke.”可知作者相信这种产品的可靠性，从最后一段我们也可看出作者对这种产品持肯定态度。]

　　21.答案　British people are no longer prepared to queue/Britain can't wait any more.

　　22.答案　However，the ability to queue for long periods of time，once believed to be a traditional characteristic of the British, is no longer tolerated by people in the UK.

　　23.答案　seen as/viewed as/considered(to be)

　　24.答案　Maybe because the Internet allows them to carry out tasks quickly.

　　25.答案　如果购物者买的东西价值低的话，他们也不会排很长的队。

　　Ⅳ.One possible version：

　　DearSir/Madam，

　　I’m Li Hua,18 years old, a Chinese student from Shandong. I am taking summer courses in your university now. I’d appreciate it if you could help me with my problem.

　　I came here last month and found my courses interesting. What’s more, people here are friendly to me. To my joy, I have made great progress in my English. However, I have some difficulty in how to write a good composition. Fortunately, I was told the learning center could provide help for students and I am eager to get help.

　　I have no class on Tuesday morning and Friday afternoon. Please let me know which day is OK with you. You can send Email to me. My Email: lihua@126.com, or you can phone me：12345678.

　　I’m looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua