2016高考英语一轮课件优化复习（山东专用）人教版选修六Unit4　Global warming——全球变暖

　　①You may borrow the book so long as/as long as you keep it clean.只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借给你。 ②I don’t care about the price so_long_as the car is in good condition.我不计较价钱，只要车很好用就行了。 【温馨提示】　as long as 只能用于肯定句，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。as long as 还可意为“与……一样长，长达……”。 ③I think the train leaves at midday.You’d better take a taxi.If not,maybe you’ll miss it. 我想火车是正午开，你最好打的去，否则可能会误车的。 ④Have you got a free evening next week？If_so，let’s have dinner together. 下周你哪个晚上没事？如果没有事，我们去吃饭吧。 ⑤Take this camera with you，if necessary. 如果有必要，带上照相机去吧。 跟踪训练 1．(2016·湖南长沙长郡中学月考)If the food tastes nice，we’ll buy some；if ________，________. A．no；no

　　B．not；not C．not；no

　　D．no；not 解析：选B。考查省略。全句应为：If the food doesn’t taste nice，we won’t buy any。 2．Perseverance is a kind of quality－and that’s what________to do anything well. A．one takes

　　B．one is taken C．it takes

　　D．it is taken 解析：选C。句意为：毅力是一种品质，是一种做好任何事情都需要的品质。表语从句中隐含一个句型：It takes ...to do sth.。 3．(2016·郑州六校质量检测)My students，__________ you have a heart loving life，you always can find things that would make you happy each day. A．as long as

　　B．if only C．as though

　　D．even though 解析：选A。考查连词用法。句意为：我的学生们，只要你们有一颗热爱生活的心，你们每天总能发现让你们开心的事情。as long as表示“只要”。后三项分别表示“但愿”“似乎”“即使”，都不符合句意。 4．(2016·江西省九江市第二次联考)__________ I know，the computer can never take the place of the human brain. A．Even if

　　B．In case C．As long as

　　D．As far as 解析：选D。考查状语从句。根据语意判断选D，as far as引导状语从句时,意为“就……而言”，as far as I know意为“据我所知”。句意为：据我所知，电脑永远也代替不了人脑。 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 ①(牛津P386)Can you tell me how the accident came_about？你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？ ②I’ll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey. 我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。 辨析come about/happen/take place/break out come about “发生，产生”，通常与how连用。 happen “发生”，指偶然的、意外的事情发生。 take place “发生”，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”。 break out 指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生，爆发”。 巧思妙解 用come about，happen，take place，break out填空 (1)A fire ____________during the night and caused a great damage. broke out (2)Luckily the earthquake didn’t ____________in the center of the city. (3)How did it ____________ that the dairy products were harmful to children? happen come about (4)Great changes _________________ in our school in the past few years. have taken place 2result in　导致 (教材P26)They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.　他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多地燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。 result from...由……造成；因……而产生 as a result结果 as a result of...由于……的结果 with the result that...其结果是…… 归纳拓展 辨析result in/result from 一言辨异 Global warming results from the burning of fossil fuels，such as petroleum products，resulting in the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.全球变暖是燃烧石油等矿物燃料引起的，从而导致了温室气体被排放到大气中。 ①His hard work resulted in excellent grades in his exams. 他的努力使他在考试中取得了优异的成绩。 ②However，pollution and other serious problems have also resulted_from human progress. 但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。 ③(牛津P1702)He made one big mistake,and as a result，lost his job.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。 ④About 21 million people died during the 1990s as_a_result_of smoking.20世纪90年代约有2,100万人死于吸烟。 3put up with　容忍；忍受 (教材P30)We do not have to put up with pollution. 我们没必要忍受污染。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P1615)I’m not going to put up with their smoking any longer.我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。 ②We are trying to put_aside some money every month for our vacation.我们尽量每月存些钱供度假用。 ③One moment please，I’m just trying to put you through. 请等一下，我这就给你接通电话。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 come about；subscribe to；put up with；glance at；on behalf of；on the whole 1．I don’t know how it ______________ that she came late on Mondays. 2．It’s my honor to give a speech to the advanced teachers here ____________

　　my company. came about on behalf of 3．There were one or two unsatisfactory moments，but ____________our holiday was very enjoyable. 4．The noise coming from outside is reaching a point where we will no longer be able to______________it. on the whole put up with 5．Jacobs does not ______________ the belief that people are basically good. 6．He ______________ me but he kept on talking with the others，putting me in an embarrassing situation. subscribe to glanced at Ⅱ.单项填空 1．(2011·高考课标全国卷)I can __________ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean. A．come up with

　　B．put up with C．turn to

　　D．stick to 解析：选B。句意为：我可以忍受房间乱点儿，但我讨厌它不干净。本题考查动词短语辨析。A：提出，想出；B：忍受；C：求助于，转向；D：坚持，忠于。由句意可知此处应填“忍受”，故答案为B项。 2．(2016·无锡市高三检测)How does it __________ that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary? A．come about

　　B．come along C．come out

　　D．come up 解析：选A。考查动词短语。句意为：他收入不错，怎么还会如此贫穷呢？come out表示“发行，被人获知”；come up表示“走近，(问题或困难)出现”；come along表示“出现，进展”。come about表示“发生”，符合题意。 3．Her efforts resulted________her success while her brother’s failure resulted________his laziness. A．from；from

　　B．from；in C．in；from

　　D．in；in 解析：选C。考查介词。result in导致；result from因……而产生，由……造成。 4．(2010·高考大纲全国卷Ⅱ)My mother opened the drawer to __________ the knives and spoons. A．put away

　　B．put up C．put on

　　D．put together 解析：选A。句意为：我妈妈打开抽屉把刀子和勺子放好。put away把……放好；put up举起，升起；put on穿上(衣服)，上演；put together把……放在一起。由题意知选A。 1(教材P30)It_takes_a_lot_of_energy_to make things from new materials...　用新材料造东西需要大量能源…… 【点津】　句中it为形式主语，take意为“需要/消耗(时间、劳力等)”，take作此含义时通常不可用于被动式。 句型精析 ①To be honest，it_takes_great_courage to tell the truth. 老实说，说出真相需要很大勇气。 ②It takes perseverance and courage to become a successful man.成为一个成功的人需要毅力和勇气。 2(教材P30)It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it—if_not，turn it off！　在使用电器设备时你可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！ 【点津】　(1)so long as＝as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。 (2)if not在本句中是if you are not using it的省略形式。 if so如果这样 if any若有 if necessary如果有必要 2oppose　vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 (教材P27)On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. 另一方面，也有像乔治·汉布利这样的科学家反对这一观点并且认为我们不用担心空气中高含量的二氧化碳。

　　(1)oppose sth./doing sth./sb.doing sth. 反对某事/做某事/某人做某事 object to (doing)sth.反对(做)某事 (2)be opposed to反对…… 归纳拓展 ①To be honest，I oppose your going

　　there alone. 说实话，我反对你独自一人去那儿。 ②Many people opposed the idea of building a new highway because of the great cost. 由于需要巨额开支，许多人反对另修一条新公路的主意。 ③(朗文P1437) Most company bosses say they are_opposed_to employees working a lot of overtime. 大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员频繁加班。 3average　adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的　n．平均数；平均水平；一般水准　v．计算出……的平均数 (教材P29)The greenhouse effect gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15℃. 温室效应使地球表面的平均温度保持在15℃。 归纳拓展 ①Don’t expect too much of him.After all，he is a child of average intelligence. 不要对他期望太大，毕竟，他的智力水平一般。 ②On_average，people who don’t smoke are healthier than people who do.通常，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人健康。 ③Tom’s work at school is above (the) average，while Harry’s is below (the) average.汤姆在学校的功课在一般以上,而哈利的功课在一般以下。 4glance　vi.看一下，扫视　n．一瞥 (教材P27)Glance quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions. 快速浏览一下这篇杂志文章，然后回答问题。 归纳拓展 ①(全国高考)But，as he glanced down the page，a notice caught his eye. 但他往下浏览时，有则布告吸引了他的眼球。 ②(牛津P863)At_first_glance，the problem seemed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很简单。 ③I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience. 我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。 5circumstance　n．环境；情况(通常用作复数形式) (教材P30)Recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to. 如果情况允许的话，回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸。

　　in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；情况既然如此 in/under no circumstances决不，无论如何都不(放句首时主句用倒装语序)　 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P344)Under_the_circumstances,it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. 在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。 ②(牛津P344)Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。 ③Circumstances permitting，I’ll go abroad to study. 情况允许的话，我要出国学习。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．____________________(匆匆看了……之后)at the patient the doctor rang for an ambulance. After a quick glance 2．We __________________________ (坚决反对)helping the young man addicted to alcohol. 3．The child was born deformed _____________________(由于)an injury to its mother. are firmly opposed to in consequence of 4．—Rose lost her job again. —Don’t worry.There is ________________(大量工作)for girls of her age. 5．________________(按平均)，men smoke more cigarettes than women in China. a quantity of work On average Ⅱ.单项填空 1．(2016·江苏盐城中学检测)Under no circumstances，I was warned，________to give the password to someone else. A．could I　

　　B．I could C．I was

　　D．was I 解析：选D。考查倒装语序。带有否定词的短语Under no circumstances 位于句首时，句子应该采用部分倒装的形式；因为本句的谓语动词是不定式,因此选D。 2．—Why does the lake smell terrible? —Because large quantities of water________. A．have polluted

　　B．is being polluted C．has been polluted

　　D．have been polluted 解析：选D。本题考查时态、语态及主谓一致问题。句意：——这湖水怎么这么难闻？——因为大量的水已经被污染了。water与pollute为被动关系，故排除A项；B项表示“正被污染”，故排除；large quantities of后加名词，谓语动词应与quantities保持一致，故排除C项，答案为D项。 3．(2010·高考江西卷)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n)__________ of 40,000 per year. A．average

　　B．number C．amount

　　D．quantity 解析：选A。an average of...平均是……。句意为：去年毕业就有驾照的学生人数达到20万，平均每年4万。 4．Father is strongly opposed __________ shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people. A．to do

　　B．to doing C．of doing

　　D．with doing 解析：选B。考查be opposed to (doing) sth.短语。be opposed to (doing) sth.“反对……”，其中to为介词，后跟名词或动名词。 5．(2011·高考天津卷)He was a good student and scored __________ average in most subjects. A．below

　　B．of C．on

　　D．above 解析：选D。句意为：他是个好学生,而且大部分课程的成绩高于平均分。本题考查介词辨析。above average高于平均水平；below average低于平均水平；on average按平均计算。根据a good student可知D项正确。 短语精释 1come about　发生；造成 (教材P26)So how has this come about and does it matter? 那么，这种温度的升高是怎么产生的呢？会有什么影响呢？ Unit 4　Global warming ——全球变暖 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词

　　1．It’s said that the plan has received ____________(普遍的) support throughout the country. widespread 2．There is a growing ____________(倾向；趋势)to regard money more highly than quality of life. 3．The new computer system should solve a whole ____________(范围；种类)of problems. tendency range 4．Although close to tears，she tried to make her voice sound ____________(随便的；漫不经心的)． 5．____________(温和的)weather is pleasant because it is neither extremely hot nor extremely cold. casual Mild 6．If our business is to survive，we must be able to adapt to changing ____________(环境)． 7．We____________(提倡)using cloth or paper bags instead of plastic ones. circumstances advocate 8．Jane’s work is above ____________(平均的)while Bob’s is very much below it. 9．We____________(分歧；不一致)with each other on the matter，but it is urgent to reach the ____________(协议)，for we don’t have much time left. average disagree agreement 10．用educate的适当形式填空 (1)He was____________at a very good school in his teens. (2)No country can afford to neglect the____________of its young people. (3)They engaged a young ____________to teach them Spanish. educated education educator 高频短语

　　1．________________发生；造成 2．________________

　　同意；赞成；订购 3．________________

　　大量的 4．________________

　　上升；增长；升起 5．________________

　　导致 come about subscribe to quantities of go up result in 6．________________

　　反对…… 7．________________

　　即使 8．________________

　　继续 9．________________

　　大体上；基本上 be opposed to even if keep on on the whole 10．________________

　　代表……一方；作为……的代言人 11．________________

　　忍受；容忍 12．________________

　　只要 13．________________

　　等等 on behalf of put up with so long as and so on 典型句式

　　1．there be no doubt that结构 __________________________________________________________________ (毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和……)． There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer... 2．现在分词作结果状语 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere _____________________________________________(引起全球气温上升)． causing the global temperature to go up 3．even if引导让步状语从句 _________________________________ (即使我们开始减少……的含量)carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. Even if we start reducing the amount of 4．as/so long as的用法 It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on ________________________________ (只要你在用它)—if not，turn it off! so long as you are using it 5．it作形式主语代指不定式的用法 _________________________________ (需要花费大量能源) to make things from new materials，so，if you can，buy things made from recycled materials. It takes a lot of energy it用法(Ⅱ) 1．(2016·南昌模拟)The police were seeking more information to find out________the rich merchant. A．who it was that killed　 B．who was it that killed C．it was who killed

　　D．who was it killed 单元语法 解析：选A。考查强调句型。强调句型的疑问句结构为：疑问词＋is it＋that...而这里是强调句的疑问句结构作宾语，故用正常的陈述语序，所以答案为A。 2．(2016·厦门市质量检查)It is the test system，rather than the teachers，________is to blame for the students’ heavy burden nowadays. A．who

　　B．this C．that

　　D．whom 解析：选C。考查强调句型。本句强调的是主语the test system而不是the teachers，因此不能用who，只能用that。 3．(2016·江西九校模拟)—________you found out the accident which happened a month ago? —By looking into it. A．It was where that

　　B．Was it how that C．How was it that

　　D．Was it what that 解析：选C。考查强调句型在疑问句中的用法。根据回答可以知道应该用how，而在特殊疑问句中语序应该用部分倒装，强调句式的搭配为How is/was it that...。 4．(2016·东城第一学期检测)Flowers growing in a wellequipped greenhouse find________hard to survive in the wild. A．it

　　B．that C．so

　　D．very 解析：选A。在think/feel/find等词后,常接it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面，所以答案为A。其实，该句还可以转换为：Flowers growing in a wellequipped greenhouse find that it is hard to survive in the wild.。 5．—Can I ask you a few straightforward questions about yourself? —No problem.I like ________when people are open and direct. A．that

　　B．this C．it

　　D．them 解析：选C。考查代词it的用法。I like it when...是固定句式，表示“我喜欢……”，it无实义。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1quantity　n．量；数量；数目，数额 (教材P26) The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.　当我们向空气中排放大量多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始产生了。 归纳拓展

　　(1)in quantity＝(in large amounts)大量；很多 (2)a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的 quantities of 大量；许多 辨析qual-质量/quan-数量 qual-质量 quan-数量 名 quality质，质量 quantity量，数量 动 qualify使符合 质量要求 quantify确定…… 的数量，量化 形 qualitative(性) 质的，定性的 quantitative(数) 量的，定量的 ①(朗文P1667)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.大批量购买这些卡片要便宜些。 ②A large quantity of good earth is being

　　washed away in this area every year.每年这个地区大量沃土被冲走。 ③Large quantities of water are badly needed here. 这里急需大量的水。 【温馨提示】　(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。 (2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (1)glance at/over/through浏览；匆匆地看一眼