2016高考英语一轮课件优化复习（山东专用）人教版选修八Unit3　Inventors and inventions——发明家及其发明

　　解析：选B。句意为：把这些花搬进一间暖房，它们很快就会开花。本题考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”这个特殊句型。该句型中的祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。本句还可改为：If you bring the flowers into a warm room，they’ll soon open. 2．One more day，________I’ll get everything ready. A．or

　　B．while C．and

　　D．but 解析：选C。考查特殊句式。此句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型，相当于“If I have one more day，I’ll get everything ready.”。 3．(2011·江南十校测试)—Can you help me? —Yes.________your teacher’s advice,in my opinion，and everything will be OK. A．Follow

　　B．Following C．To follow

　　D．Followed 解析：选A。此题考查句型“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，in my opinion在句中作插入语。 4．(2016·济宁模拟)Turn on the TV or open a magazine and you __________ advertisements showing happy，balanced families. A．are often seeing

　　B．often see C．will often see

　　D．have often seen 解析：选C。句意为：打开电视或者杂志，你会看到体现幸福、和谐家庭的广告宣传。此处考查“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型。陈述句多用一般将来时。 5．________twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A．Being bitten

　　B．Bitten C．Having bitten

　　D．To be bitten 解析：选B。句意为：因为两次被咬,邮递员拒绝给我们投递信件，除非我们拴住我们的狗。过去分词作原因状语。主句主语the postman与bite构成被动关系,排除C项；D项为动词不定式作目的状语表示还未发生；A项表进行；B项表示之前两次被咬，故选B。 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 ②That picture calls_up memories of a holiday I had when I was a child.那张照片使我回忆起儿时一个假期的情景。 ③The Ministry of Education calls_on students to exercise for an hour every day. 教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼一个小时。 ④(朗文P274)The game was called off because of the bad weather.比赛因天气恶劣被取消。 ⑤Why don’t you call on my sister when you’re in Brighton？你到了布赖顿何不顺便探望一下我姐姐呢？ 3get through　设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过 (教材P26)I can’t get through. 我打不通电话。 归纳拓展 get into 进入；陷入；染上(习惯) get off (从……)下来；下车；脱下(衣服等)；(使)动身；(飞机)起飞 get over 越过(墙等)；克服(困难、偏见等)；从(病、损失等)中恢复过来 ①(2011·高考大纲全国卷阅读E)She found writing helped her get through the rough days. 她发现写作帮助她度过了那些艰难的岁月。 ②(朗文P868)When she finally got through，the manager wasn’t there.当她终于打通电话时，经理却不在那儿。 ③(朗文P868)Are you willing to stand by him and get him through this difficult time? 你愿意支持他，帮助他度过这段困难时期吗？ ④(陕西高考)Many homeless people get_into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive. 许多无家可归的人开始养成乞讨谋生的习惯。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．The beggar ____________(把手迅速伸入)his pocket and took out several coins. dived into 2．The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the window ____________(时不时地)． 3．The machine is ____________(发生故障)．I have to have it repaired. now and then out of order 4．If you ____________(稍等)for a while，I will go and see if I can find your mother. 5．It seems that he ____________(开始)to clean his bedroom. hang on sets out 6．Hardly could he ____________(完成)this amount of work in such a short time. get through Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Have you________？ —No.I had the wrong number. A．got in

　　B．got away C．got off

　　D．got through 解析：选D。句意为：——你打通电话了吗？——没有，我拨错号码了。get in进入，抵达，收获；get away走开，逃脱；get off(从……)下来，出发,下班，逃脱惩罚；get through完成，度过，通过，讲清楚，打通电话。 2．With the weather worsening，they have________the flight from London to Beijing. A．called off

　　B．called in C．called out

　　D．called for 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：由于天气变得越来越坏，他们已经取消了从伦敦到北京的航班。call off取消(某项活动)，符合语境。call in请求,收回，召来；call out大声喊叫,召集；call for需求，要求，去接(某人)。故B、C、D三个选项均与语境不符。 3．—Please forgive me to________you________so late，but I have something urgent. —That’s all right.What’s the matter? A．call；by

　　B．call；off C．call；in

　　D．call；up 解析：选D。考查短语辨析。call up给……打电话。句意为：——请原谅我这么晚给你打电话，但是我有急事。——没关系，什么事？call by顺路来一下；call off取消；call in顺路(到某处或某人的家)。 4．—Sorry，but I have to________now.I have a train to catch. —Goodbye！Wish you a pleasant journey. A．ring out

　　B．call out C．call on

　　D．ring off 解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。ring off挂断电话。

　　5．—The boss said we had only three days to finish the work. —Don’t worry.We have already ________two thirds of it. A．got down

　　B．got through C．given in

　　D．given away 解析：选B。get down下来，落下；give in投降，认输；give away 泄露(秘密)。get through完成，符合句意。 1(教材P20)Prepared_with_some research_findings，I decided on three possible approaches：... 有一些研究发现作准备，我决定了三种可能的方法：…… 句型精析 【点津】　Prepared with some research findings为过去分词短语作状语，相当于谓语动词为被动的状语从句，该动作和主句的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系。 ①Reminded_not_to_miss the flight at 15∶20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 被提醒不要错过15∶20 的航班，经理匆忙去了飞机场。 ②Given more time，he can do it better. 如果给予他更多的时间，他会把它做得更好。

　　③Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill，the park looks more beautiful.＝When it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful. 从山顶往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。 ④Encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder.＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder.由于受到所取得进步的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。 2(教材P25)“Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.” “跟随它，在它的周围探索，那么在你知道它之前，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占用你的大脑。” 【点津】　本题考查“祈使句＋and/then/or＋陈述句”结构的用法。 ①Work harder and/then you will succeed in your studies. ＝If you work harder，you’ll succeed in your studies. ＝Working harder，you will succeed in your studies. 如果你更加努力学习，在学习上你就会成功。 ②Study hard，or you’ll fail in your exams. ＝If you don’t study hard，you’ll fail in your exams. ＝You will fail in your exams unless you study hard. 如果你不刻苦学习，你就会考不及格。 跟踪训练 1．(2011·高考辽宁卷)Bring the flowers into a warm room __________ they’ll soon open. A．or

　　B．and C．but

　　D．for ①(朗文P588)The twins are so alike，it’s difficult to distinguish one from the other. 这对双胞胎太像了，很难分辨出谁是谁。 ②(牛津P580)At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? 儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？

　　③(牛津P580)She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。 3bear (bore，borne)　vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；生育 (教材P24)I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.　我忍受不了架子上烤香肠的味道。 (1)bear in mind that... 记住…… (2)can’t bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做…… (3)bear/keep sth.in mind记住…… (4)bear a heavy burden肩负重担 stand doing忍受，容忍 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P155)The pain was almost more than he could bear.这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。 ②Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair? 为什么要我负担所有的维修费用？ ③I can’t bear people smoking while he’s eating. 我无法忍受人们吃饭时吸烟。 ④You must bear_it_in_mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor. 你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。 4associate　vt.联想；联系　n．同伴；伙伴 (教材P26)Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybody’s life. 虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联系在一起，但是他的确是一位永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P104)He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.在公众的心目中，他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。 ②I don’t like these young men you are_associating_with. 我不喜欢你结交的这些年轻人。 ③You must bear it in mind that you should never associate with bad companions.

　　你必须要牢记千万别和坏人交往。 ④We are working in_association_with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．Believe it or not，I _________________________________ (羡慕你卓越的成就)． admire your distinguished achievements 2．These things all _________________________________ (带来极大的便利) and delight to people’s lives. bring great convenience 3．_____________________________ ___________________(你方便帮我)take my luggage upstairs? 4．He wished to forget everything ______________________________(跟过去的生活有联系)and start a new life.

　　Would it be convenient for you to help me associated with his former life Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Why did Bob cry? —He couldn’t bear________like that before the whole class. A．making fun of　

　　B．being made fun of C．to be laughed

　　D．being made fun 解析：选B。动词bear后跟v.ing形式或动词不定式作宾语，且此处应该使用被动形式。若选C，应改为：to be laughed at。 2．I can’t stand ________with Jane in the same office.She just refuses ________talking while she works. A．working；stopping

　　B．to work；stopping C．working；to stop

　　D．to work；to stop 解析：选C。stand 作“忍受，容忍”讲时，后跟动词-ing 形式；refuse 后跟动词不定式作宾语，所以C项正确。 3．—When would it be __________ for you to go to the science museum with me? —I am free this Friday afternoon.Let’s meet at 2 p．m.at the school gate. A．familiar

　　B．pleasant C．necessary

　　D．convenient 解析：选D。本题考查形容词convenient的用法。convenient“方便的，适宜的”，故选D。 4．As far as the American children are concerned，the Christmas is __________ with excitement，happiness and gifts. A．associated

　　B．get C．deal

　　D．satisfied 解析：选A。句意为：对于美国的孩子来说，圣诞节与兴奋、幸福和礼物连在一起。associate“联想；联系”,be associated with“与……联系”,符合题意。be satisfied with“对……感到满意”；其余两项搭配不当。 短语精释 1set about　开始；着手(about 是介词，其后常接名词或动名词) (教材P20)I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. 我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。 归纳拓展 set down 放下；记下；登记 set out (to do) 开始做；出发，动身；安排，摆放；陈述 set aside保留，储存(时间，金钱) ①(牛津P1823)We need to set about finding a solution. 我们得着手寻找一个解决方法。 ②I wanted to set_off early in order to avoid the traffic. 我想早点出发以避开交通拥堵。 ③I’ve set aside some money for the journey. 我为那趟旅行存了一些钱。 2call up　给……打电话；使……回忆起 (教材P20)When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. 我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。 归纳拓展 give sb.a ring 给某人打电话 sb.be wanted on the phone 有某人的电话 answer the phone 接电话 hang/hold on 不挂断电话 ①When I was going home to India last year，I called up my mother to ask if she wanted anything from China. 去年在我回印度的途中，我打电话问我妈妈是否想要我从中国带些东西给她。 Unit 3　Inventors and inventions——发明家及其发明 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词

　　1．The train came to an ____________(突然的)stop，making many passengers fall off their seats. abrupt 2．He ate a light lunch in ____________(期望)of a good dinner. 3．Alison couldn’t ____________(忍受)to leave and cried all the way to the airport. expectation bear 4．On referring to the Great Wall，foreigners always ____________(使发生联系)it with China. 5．In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely and ____________(抓住)opportunities can one succeed. associate seizing 6．They invited her to visit their house on a(n)____________(方便的)date. 7．You may safely climb those steps；they’re quite____________(稳固的)． 8．What are your____________(标准)for judging a bottle of wine? convenient stable criteria 9．She ____________herself by her kindness and bravery as well as a____________novelist.(distinguish) distinguished distinguished 10．用freeze的适当形式填空 (1)Tonight，temperature will fall below ____________point. (2)I_____________with terror as the door slowly opened. freezing froze 高频短语

　　1．________________给……打电话 2．________________

　　偶尔；有时 3．________________

　　开始；着手 4．________________

　　迅速把手伸入；一心投入 5．________________

　　开始(做) call up now and then set about dive into set out(to do) 6．________________

　　不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 7．________________

　　次序颠倒；发生故障 8．________________

　　设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过 9．________________

　　回复电话 10．________________

　　挂断电话 hang on out of order get through ring back ring off 典型句式

　　1．before是连词，在句中连接时间状语 The next morning I got up early ________________________(天还不是很热)． before the sun was hot 2．“only＋状语从句”引起的倒装 ____________(只有)you have had that recognition ______________(你才能)say that you are truly an inventor. Only after can you 3．so...that... 如此……以至于…… The criteria __________________(这样严格以至于)it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. are so strict that 4．every time“每次……”引导时间状语从句 “__________(每次)you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.” Every time 5．祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 “__________(跟随它)up，explore all around it，__________ before you know it ，you will have something worth thinking about to _______________(占用你的大脑)”． Follow it and occupy your mind 过去分词 1．__________ more attention and concern，the problem would have been solved earlier. A．Giving　

　　B．Given C．Give

　　D．To give 单元语法 解析：选B。句子主语the problem和give之间是被动关系，所以选B项。过去分词短语在句中作条件状语。 2．(2016·山东省实验中学一模)Greatly moved by the movie，__________. A．tears came to the audience’s eyes B．the audience could hardly hold back tears C．tears could hardly be held back D．the audience’s eyes were filled with tears 解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语保持一致，此处moved为move的被动形式，意为“被感动”，即观众被电影感动得流泪了。 3．(2011·海淀区第二学期期中练习)A few days after the interview I received a letter __________ my admission to the university. A．offering

　　B．offered C．having offered

　　D．to be offered 解析： 选A。考查非谓语动词。offer和其逻辑主语a letter之间是主谓关系,所以要用现在分词表主动，相当于which offered。句意：面试后的几天,我收到了这所大学的录取通知书。 4．Seeing the road________with snow,we had to spend the holiday at home，watching TV. A．blocking

　　B．to block C．blocked

　　D．to be blocked 解析：选C。过去分词作定语修饰road，意为“被大雪封闭的道路”。 5．When I turned to the person________next to me，I recognized that he was my schoolmate. A．seating

　　B．being sat C．sit

　　D．seated 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。seat表示“使坐下”，常用be seated，seated 本身就表示状态，所以用seated 作后置定语；sit 是不及物动词，所以只能用其主动形式，即用sitting作后置定语。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1convenient　adj.便利的；方便的；就近的 (教材P20)They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. 他们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。 归纳拓展 ①(2011·高考天津卷阅读A)It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.在伦敦乘地铁非常方便。 ②(牛津P436)A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns.在城镇骑自行车常常比开车更方便。 ③(北京高考) Come and see me whenever it_is_convenient_to_you.只要你方便，随时过来看我。

　　④(朗文P441)Being able to pay bills over the Internet is a real convenience.能通过因特网支付账单确实非常方便。 ⑤(朗文P441)I’ll call in two weeks to arrange a meeting at_your convenience. 我会在两周后打电话来把会议安排在您方便的时候。 2distinguish　vi.& vt.辨别；显示……的差别；使……有所不同 (教材P20)Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.　 这回我有机会来表现一下自己了，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓到，