2016高考英语一轮课件优化复习（山东专用）人教版选修八Unit2　Cloning——克隆

　　本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 ③Our teachers always pay_attention to combining theory with practice. 我们的老师们总是注意理论与实践相结合。 ④He had to work part-time so as to pay for his education. 他必须做兼职工作来支付学费。 ⑤That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy. 能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。 2in favour of　赞成；支持 (教材P12)Is it in favour of

　　cloning or against it? 它是赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？ 归纳拓展 ①My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of

　　it. 我姐姐反对我的提议，然而我弟弟却赞成。 ②Could you do_me_a_favour and turn off the light? 请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？ ③The exchange rate is not in our favour at the moment. 目前汇率对我们不利。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 pay off；bring...back to life； in vain；be bound to；cast down；in good

　　condition；from time to time 1．His efforts to raise money for his program were ____________ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. in vain 2．He was __________because he was forbidden to go out with his brothers. 3．My uncle comes to have dinner with us ________________________________. cast down from time to time 4．Keep on working hard like this，and your research _________________ achieve great success. 5．Thanks to the doctor’s treatment，the dying patient was______________________. is bound to brought back to life 6．I don’t care about the price，so long as the car is ____________________. 7．What made him happy was that after all these years he at last____________all his debts. in good condition paid off Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition. —Oh，really? I’m glad that her efforts at last________. A．worked out

　　B．got back C．paid off

　　D．turned out 解析：选C。答句句意为：噢，真的吗？我很高兴她的努力终于得到了好的结果。pay off(指冒风险的政策、做法等)带来好结果，成功，行得通。又如：The gamble paid off.赌赢了。 2．I’m all __________ people doing whatever they want as long as they don’t bother anyone else. A．in favour with

　　B．in honor of C．in favour of

　　D．do a favour for 解析：选C。句意为：我完全支持人们做他们想做的事情，只要他们不妨碍别人。in favour of支持，赞同；in favour with sb.受某人支持；in honor of向……表示敬意；为纪念……；do a favour for sb.帮某人个忙。由句意可知，应选C项。 3．(2016·皖南八校模拟)Many young people left their hometown for big cities________better jobs. A．in favour of

　　B．in search of C．in charge of

　　D．in honour of 解析：选B。in favour of赞成，支持；in search of寻找；in charge of负责，掌管；in honour of为向……表示敬意。结合语境应选B项。 (教材P11)Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了令人烦恼的消息——多莉得了重病。 句型精析 【点津】　(1)表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首时，句子用倒装语序。 (2)本句中that引导的从句为同位语从句，that仅起连接作用，无实意。 常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order,problem，belief，fear等。 同位语从句常用that引导，也可以由连接代词who，what，whose，which，连接副词how，when，where，why或连词whether来引导。 ①For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together. 有一会儿什么也没发生。接下来传来一起欢呼的声音。 ②Then_came the news that the war was over. 接下来传来战争结束的消息。 ③Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。 ④There goes the bell. 铃响了。 ⑤The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.他当选美国总统的消息是真的。

　　⑥The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet. 我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。 ⑦I have no idea where the new library will be built. 我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪里。 跟踪训练 1．The expert made a forecast in his report __________ housing prices in major cities would continue to rise in the next few years. A．that

　　B．why C．whether

　　D．where 解析：选A。that引导同位语从句，作forecast的同位语，具体解释说明forecast的内容。 2．Thank you for your encouragement.It makes me hold the belief __________ we can also make a difference. A．whether

　　B．when C．that

　　D．where 解析：选C。that引导同位语从句，解释belief的内容。 3．—We have to stop talking here outside.__________！ —Hurry up or we’ll be late. A．There goes the bell

　　B．There does the bell go C．There the bell does go

　　D．Goes the bell there 解析：选A。here，there，now，then等副词位于句首，主语为名词，谓语动词是be，come，go等词，且为一般时态时，句子常用全部倒装语序。 4．On the top of the mountain __________ which has a history of more than three hundred years. A．stands an old castle

　　B．an old castle stands C．does an old castle stand

　　D．an old castle does stand 解析：选A。地点状语位于句首，主语为名词且谓语为不及物动词的陈述句时，句子常用完全倒装语序。

　　undertake a task 承担任务 undertake to do sth. 同意、答应或着手做某事 undertake that-clause 保证…… 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P2241)Two new studies have been undertaken to determine the effects of the chemicals. 已经进行了两项新研究以确定这些化学制品的作用。 ②(牛津P2197)University professors both teach and undertake research.大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。 ③He undertook to

　　finish the job by Friday. 他答应在星期五之前完成那项工作。 ④She undertook full responsibility for the new changes. 她为新变化承担全部责任。 3forbid (forbade/forbad，forbidden)　vt. 　禁止，不准 (教材P12)Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning...　有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究…… 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P755)He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。 ②(牛津P794)He forbade them from mentioning the subject again.他不准他们再提这个问题。 ③I will forbid_you_to_leave unless you apologize for what you have done.

　　如果你不为自己所做的事情道歉，我不允许你离开。

　　④He forbids_smoking during office hours. 他禁止在办公时间抽烟。 4owe 　vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……，应感谢 (教材P13)You owe the lady an apology. 你必须向这位女士道歉。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P1427)Thanks for helping me—I owe_you_a_favour. 谢谢你帮助我——我欠你一个人情。 ②These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.这些早期移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦劳动和追求成功的决心。 ③If I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher. 如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。 ④Owing_to her assistance，we succeeded in starting the engine.多亏她帮忙，我们才成功启动了引擎。 5bother　vt.打扰　vi.操心　n．烦扰 (教材P14)However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 然而，之后她患上了严重的肺病的问题使科学家们困扰。 归纳拓展 ①What_bothers_me_most_is that he seems to take no interest in his work. 最使我伤脑筋的是，他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。 ②(牛津P221)I don’t want to bother her with my problems at the moment.我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。 ③(牛津P221)Sorry to bother you，but there is a call for you. 很抱歉打扰你一下，有你的电话。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．The well-known scientist always says that he ______________________ _______________________(他的成功归功于家人的支持)．

　　owes all his success to the support of his family 2．I __________________________ having been so rude to you last night(应该向你道歉)． 3．Who do you think is the right person___________________________ (承担这项任务)? owe you an apology for to undertake the task 4．He has even ________________________________(禁止我会见)my friends online at the Internet café！ 5．Thinking they have grown up，the boys ____________________________ (反对像孩子一样被对待)． forbidden me from meeting object to being treated like children Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Is there any possibility __________ you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem. A．when　

　　B．that C．whether

　　D．what 解析：选B。考查同位语从句。此处是由that引导的同位语从句，表示“你有没有可能来机场接我？”。所以这里选B项。 2．He is a successful businessman；he __________ his success more to luck than to ability. A．attaches

　　B．adapts C．owes

　　D．fastens 解析：选C。句意为：他是个成功的商人，他把他的成功归功于运气而不是能力。owe...to符合句意。故选C。 3．—Will you continue to do it? —Of course.Nobody raised any __________ to my doing it right now. A．reason

　　B．objection C．concern

　　D．criterion 解析：选B。根据语境可知，说话人继续做是因为没有人提出反对意见，故选B项。objection不赞成，反对，异议。 4．I __________ it to my teacher to take a better-paid post if I can get one. A．owe

　　B．belong C．give

　　D．donate 解析：选A。句意为：如果我能得到较好的职位，我应感激我的老师。owe...to...受……恩惠，感激……，符合语意要求。 5．The students are forbidden，unless they have special passes，__________ after 11 p．m.. A．in staying out

　　B．to stay out C．staying out

　　D．stay out 解析：选B。forbid sb.to do sth.意为“禁止某人做某事”，为固定短语，此处为其被动结构。 短语精释 1pay off　得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 (教材P11)But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep.　但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果——克隆羊“多莉”。 归纳拓展 pay sb.for sth.＝pay sth.to sb.for sth. 付钱给某人作为……的费用 pay for sth.为某事吃苦头或受惩罚；花钱买某物 pay back还钱；报复 pay attention to注意 pay a visit to访问 ①(朗文P1503)Mr.Li was driving a taxi on the weekends to pay off all his debts. 李先生周末开出租车赚钱以还清他的所有债务。 ②Her design won the first prize in the competition.Years of patience and hard work had at last paid_off. 她的设计在比赛中获得一等奖。多年的耐心和艰苦的工作终于得到了好的结果。 Unit 2　Cloning——克隆 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词

　　1．People____________(不同)from one another in their ability to handle stress. 2．The figures may not be____________(精确地)right，but they’re close enough. differ exactly 3．Scientists are hoping for a________________(突破)in the search for a cure for cancer. 4．We have____________(积聚)a great amount of evidence against him. breakthrough accumulated 5．This is a book that is often mentioned in the____________(媒体)． 6．However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease____________(打扰)scientists. media bothered 7．You should follow the normal procedure if you want to____________(承担)the law case. 8．The scientists have made a breakthrough in the research to____________(抵抗)the deadly disease. undertake resist 9．用object 的适当形式填空 (1)Grey decided to move to the countryside and his wife made no ____________ to it. (2)Some members of the committee ____________to my proposal，which made me disappointed. objections objected 10．用assume的适当形式填空 (1)We are working on the ____________that the conference will take place as planned. (2)____________that his story is true,what should we do? assumption Assuming 高频短语

　　1．________________得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 2．________________

　　沮丧；不愉快 3．________________

　　反对 4．________________

　　赞成；支持 5．________________

　　把……归功于…… pay off cast down object to in favour of owe...to... 6．__________________

　　一定或注定(做)…… 7．__________________________

　　使……刻骨铭心 8．________________

　　不时；偶尔 (be)bound to (do)．.. strike...into one’s heart from time to time 9．________________

　　使复生；使复活 10．________________

　　白费力气；枉费心机 11．_______________________

　　状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏 bring back to life in vain in good/poor condition 典型句式

　　1．news＋that引导的同位语从句 Then came _________________________________ ________________________(多莉病重的坏消息)． the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill 2．whether...or无论……还是…… However，scientists still wonder _________________________________ (克隆技术对人类有帮助还是有害)and where it is leading us. whether cloning will help or harm us 3．with＋n./pron.＋过去分词 Diversity in group means having animals _________________________ _________________________(拥有排列方式不同的基因)．

　　with their genes arranged in different ways 4．The advantage is that... 优点是…… _________________________(其优点是)if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. The advantage is that 同位语从句 1．He gave up the job for the reason __________ he could see no chances for further development in the company. A．That

　　B．why C．because

　　D．where 单元语法 解析：选A。that引导同位语从句，解释说明reason的具体内容。that在句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。 2．What’s your opinion of Mrs.Li’s request __________ we should spend half an hour reading English every morning? A．why

　　B．that C．how

　　D．whether 解析：选B。从句中不缺少任何成分,故用that引导同位语从句，作request的同位语，解释说明request的具体内容。 3．The king made a promise __________ anyone cured his only son,he would give away half of his money to him. A．that

　　B．if C．that if

　　D．if that 解析：选C。that引导同位语从句，补充说明promise到底是一个什么样的诺言。在该同位语从句中，if引导条件状语从句。 4．Word came __________ his son would be sent abroad to study business management sometime next year. A．that

　　B．whether C．why

　　D．how 解析：选A。word came that...意思是“有消息说……”，其中that引导同位语从句，具体解释说明word的内容。 5．(2016·吉林省部分重点中学检测)The problem will appear __________ a different welfare system will be created. A．unless

　　B．whether C．until

　　D．if 解析：选B。考查同位语从句。句意为：是否创立一个不同的社会福利体系这个问题将会出现。这是一个分隔式的同位语从句，根据语意可知用whether来引导此同位语从句，表示“是否”。if一般不引导同位语从句，故排除D项。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1object　vi.反对；不赞成　n．物体；目标 (教材P12)On the other hand，Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.　 另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P1372)If nobody objects，we’ll postpone the meeting till next week. 如果没有人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。 ②As far as I’m concerned，I really object_to_being charged for parking.就我个人而言，我非常反对收停车费。 ③(牛津P1372)If you’re late，you’ll defeat the whole object of the exercise. 如果你迟到了，便不能达到整个活动的目的。 ④I objected that he was too young for the position. 我提出反对意见他太年轻不适合这个职位。 ⑤(牛津P1372)The main objection to the plan was that it would cost too much. 反对这个计划的主要理由是费用过高。 2undertake (undertook；undertaken)　vt.着手； 从事；承担 (教材P11)It is a difficult task to undertake. 这是一项很难完成的任务。 (1)